UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Mass Communication and Journalism, June-2025

Total Questions: 100

81. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I (Newspapers)	LIST-II (Editors/Publishers)
A. Budhi Prakash	I. Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
B. Bambodhini Patrika	II. Munshi Sada Sukh Lal
C. Saraswati	III. Chintamani Ghosh
D. Indra Prakash	IV. Umesh Chandra Dutta

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
3. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
4. A-I, B-II, C-III, D IV

Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

Solution:Budhi Prakash (A) was edited by Munshi Sadasukh Lal (II), a noted figure in early North Indian journalism. Bambodhini Patrika (B) is associated with Umesh Chandra Dutta (IV), an important Bengali reformist publisher.

Saraswati (C), the landmark Hindi literary magazine, was published by Chintamani Ghosh (III) of Indian Press, Allahabad.

Indra Prakash (D) is linked to Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi (I), the celebrated nationalist journalist. This mapping aligns the newspapers with their historically documented editors and publishers.

82. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Principles of Design)	LIST-II (Explanation)
A. Balance	I. The visual flow of elements are organised to create smooth flow from one element to another
B. Contrast	II. Gives visual weight to create harmony and stable composition
C. Rhythm	III. Creates visual interest and highlights special parts, elements and emphasizes information to be made noticeable
D. Unity	IV. All elements work together to create a visually pleasing understandable whole

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
2. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
3. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
4. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Solution:Balance (A) relates to visual weight ensuring harmony and stability (II), keeping composition evenly structured. Contrast (B) matches creating visual interest and highlighting key elements (III), making differences stand out for emphasis.

Rhythm (C) involves organizing visual flow to create smooth movement from one element to the next (I), guiding the viewer's eye.

Unity (D) refers to all elements working together for a coherent whole (IV), creating an integrated and understandable design. This grouping correctly reflects foundational design theory.

83. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Cinema)	LIST-II (Genre)
A. Anarchist Cinema	I. Film making violent martial action
B. Chopscoky	II. Pessimistic film making style with morally ambiguous situations
C. Cinema Verite	III. Film making realistic portrayal of life
D. Film Noire	IV. An anti-authoritar

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
2. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
3. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
4. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I

Correct Answer: 1. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Solution:Anarchist Cinema (A) aligns with antiauthoritarian themes (IV), portraying rebellion against structures of power. Chopsocky (B) refers to violent martial-arts action films (I), especially popular in Hong Kong cinema.

Cinema Verité (C) is grounded in realistic, observational filmmaking (III), using natural settings and non-intrusive shooting.

Film Noire (D) fits pessimistic, morally ambiguous storytelling (II), marked by shadows, crime, and fatalism. These pairs match standard cinematic genre definitions.

84. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I (Measurement scale)	LIST-II (Definition)
A. Likert Scale	I. Measures the meanings people create in response to a particular stimulus
B. Semantic Differential scale	II. Equal appearing intervals between adjacent points of a measurement scale
C. Thurstone Scale	III. Identifes the extent of a person’s attitude towards a person or phenomenon
D. Guttman Scale	IV. Items are arranged along a continuum

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
2. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
3. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
4. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

Correct Answer: 1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

Solution:The Likert Scale (A) measures degree or extent of attitude on an agree-disagree continuum (III). The Semantic Differential Scale (B) measures meanings people attach to stimuli using bipolar adjectives (I).

The Thurstone Scale (C) uses equal-appearing intervals (II), created through judges' ratings.

The Guttman Scale (D) places items along a cumulative continuum (IV), where agreeing to a stronger statement implies agreement with the weaker ones. These definitions follow standard measurement theory in communication research.

85. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I	LIST-II
A. Freedom of speech and expression	I. Article 21
B. Protection in respect of conviction for offences	II. Article 22
C. Protection of life and personal liberty	III. Article 20
D. Protection against arrest and detention	IV. Article 19

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
2. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
3. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
4. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

Correct Answer: 1. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Solution:Freedom of speech and expression (A) corresponds to Article 19 (IV), guaranteeing fundamental expressive rights. Protection against conviction for offences (B) matches Article 20 (III), preventing ex-post-facto laws and double jeopardy.

Protection of life and personal liberty (C) is under Article 21 (I), safeguarding life and personal freedom. Protection against arrest and detention (D) is from Article 22 (II), ensuring procedural rights. This set precisely aligns constitutional rights with their corresponding Articles.

86. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Newspapers)	LIST-II (Place of Publication (Started from))
A. Pratap	I. Agra
B. Dainik Bhaskar	II. Lucknow
C. Rashtriya Sahara	III. Kanpur
D. Amar Ujala	IV. Bhopal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
3. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
4. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Solution:Pratap (A) was started in Kanpur (III), where Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi launched it as a nationalist Hindi daily. Dainik Bhaskar (B) originated from Bhopal (IV) before expanding across India to become one of the largest Hindi dailies.

Rashtriya Sahara (C) began from Lucknow (II) in the early 1990s under the Sahara group. Amar Ujala (D) was first published from Agra (I) in 1948 and later grew into a major Hindi newspaper. These origins are historically well-documented, making this mapping fully accurate.

87. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Newspapers)	LIST-II (Editors/Editor-in-chief)
A. The Indian Express	I. Suresh Kambath
B. The Hindu	II. Sukumar Ranganathan
C. The Times of India	III. Raj Kamal Jha
D. The Hindustan Times	IV. Pankaj Dowal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
3. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
4. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Correct Answer: 2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Solution:McDonaldization (A) is authored by George Ritzer (II), describing how fast-food principles dominate society. Disneyization (B) comes from Alan Bryman (IV), explaining themed consumption and controlled entertainment culture.

Manufacturing Consent (C) is associated with Noam Chomsky (I), discussing propaganda and media control. Global Village (D) was coined by Marshall McLuhan (III), capturing the shrinking of the world through electronic communication. These associations are foundational in media studies.

88. Match the LIST-I with LIST-IІ.

LIST-I (Media Terms)	LIST-II (Authors)
A. McDonaldization	I. Noam Chomsky
B. Disneyization	II. George Ritzer
C. Manufacturing Consent	III. Marshall McLuhan
D. Global Village	IV. Alan Bryman

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
2. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
3. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
4. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Correct Answer: 4. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Manufacturing Consent (C) is associated with Noam Chomsky (I), discussing propaganda and media control.

Global Village (D) was coined by Marshall McLuhan (III), capturing the shrinking of the world through electronic communication. These associations are foundational in media studies.

89. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Theory)	LIST-II (Author)
A. Agenda Setting	I. Elizabeth Noelle Neumann
B. Spiral of silence	II. Paul Lazarsfeld
C. Cultivation	III. George Gerbner
D. Two-Step Flow	IV. Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, В-III, С-II, D-I
2. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
3. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
4. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Correct Answer: 2. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Solution:The Agenda Setting theory (A) was developed by McCombs and Shaw (IV), showing how media influence issue salience. The Spiral of Silence (B) belongs to Elizabeth Noelle-Neumann (I), explaining how fear of isolation suppresses minority opinions.

Cultivation Theory (C) was developed by George Gerbner (III), arguing that long-term television viewing shapes perceptions of reality.

The Two-Step Flow model (D) was proposed by Paul Lazarsfeld (II), demonstrating that media effects move through opinion leaders. This mapping reflects classic communication theories.

90. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Television Serials)	LIST-II (Director/Producer)
A. Ramayan	I. P. Kumar Vasudev
B. Mahabharat	II. Ramanand Sagar
C. Hum Log	III. Manohar Shyam Joshi
D. Buniyaad	IV. B.R. Chopra

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
2. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
3. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
4. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

Correct Answer: 2. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Solution:Ramayan (A) was directed by Ramanand Sagar (II), becoming one of India's most-watched serials ever. Mahabharat (B) was directed by B.R. Chopra (IV), known for its epic scale and cultural impact.

Hum Log (C) was produced by P. Kumar Vasudev (I), India's first television soaр opera. Buniyaad (D) was written by Manohar Shyam Joshi (III), who shaped its emotional and historical depth.

These pairings match the major creators associated with Doordarshan's early iconic serials.