UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Mass Communication & Journalism, June-2021

Total Questions: 56

31. Cloud computing is a system delivering different types of services over:

Correct Answer: A. The internet
Solution:As per the FICCI-EY report, Indians spent 4.6 hours a day on their phones, as they came third in the world for the most amount of time spent on phones in 2020 overtaking China, Mexico, Argentina and South Korea.

Consumers spent 1,669 billion minutes online in 2020, up 32% from 1,261 billion minutes in 2019. India remained the second largest market by app downloads in 2020, behind China.

Indians downloaded almost 24.3 billion apps in 2020, a growth of over 20% over 2019. However, in terms of revenue, India lagged many smaller markets.

32. Which one of the following leads in the percentage of population on social media, as per FICCI report 2020?

Correct Answer: A. People's Republic of China

33. The Technique where brief fragments of shots are cut to exact rhythm against a musical beat or sound is:

Correct Answer: B. flash cutting
Solution:Flash-editing or flash-cutting means editing sequences so that the durations of the shots are very brief. In this technique, brief fragments of shots are cut to exact rhythm against a musical beat or sound.

34. Who authored the seminal work "The Photoplay" A Psychological study (1916)?

Correct Answer: C. Hugo Munsterberg

35. Which among the following film critics developed connection between mise-enscene and realism on the one hand, and montage and expressionism on the other?

Correct Answer: A. Andrei Bazin
Solution:The photoplay, a psychological study by Hugo Munsterberg (1916) was authored by Andre Bazin. This book is chronologically perhaps the last one of the author’s long list of publications,

and as such it throws a new and strong light on his theory of values, in particular aesthetic values.

In order to answer this question the author discusses in the first main part of the book—entitled the Psychology of the Photoplay and comprising chapters three to six—the mental means by which the moving pictures impress us and appeal to us,

while in the second part—entitled the Esthetics of the Photoplay and including the remaining five chapters—he examines first the general aim or purpose which underlies.

All artistic creation and the general conditions or means of the various arts, and then applies these general principles to a discussion of the means, demands, and functions of the photoplay.

36. The camera technique of directing the viewer to shift attention from one subject to another is called:

Correct Answer: D. Rack focus
Solution:Rack focusing or selective focusing is the process of blurring of focal planes in sequence, forcing the viewer’s eye to “travel” with those areas of an image that remain in sharp focus.

37. Applied research aims at:

Correct Answer: C. Solving a specific problem
Solution:

Applied research is a type of research design that seeks to solve a specific problem or provide innovative solutions to issues affecting an individual, group or society.

It is often referred to as a scientific method of inquiry or contractual research because it involves the practical application of scientific methods to everyday problems.

When conducting applied research, the researcher takes extra care to identify a problem, develop a research hypothesis and goes ahead to test these hypotheses via an experiment.

In many cases, this research approach employs empirical methods in order to solve practical problems.

38. Longer period of exposure to an experimental stimulus minimises:

Correct Answer: B. The sleeper effect
Solution:People receive hundreds of persuasive messages on a given day. Naturally, they discount a great majority of these messages by relying on cues such as the credibility of the message source. In general, it is expected that non-credible sources present invalid arguments.

Therefore, communications associated with non-credible sources generally do not bring about substantial attitude change in response, and may be regarded as ineffective influence attempts.

Decades of research on the sleeper effect, however, suggests that it would be misleading to reach that conclusion without measuring attitudes down the line again.

People are not very good at remembering the original context of everything that they learn, and as a result, it is possible that they may continue to remember the message well but have a hard time remembering its source.

Thus, forgetting the non-credible source of the message or simply dissociating it from the message may bring about a delayed increase in persuasion.

This possibility, known as the sleeper effect, is counterintuitive because the impact of a persuasive message is usually greater at the time of exposure than some time after exposure.

39. The area in which the null hypothesis is not accepted is known as:

Correct Answer: D. The region of rejection
Solution:

In hypothesis testing, the test procedure entails all the possible sample outcomes into two subsets (on the basis of whether the observed value of the test statistic is smaller than a threshold value or not).

The subset that is considered to be consistent with the null hypothesis is called the “acceptance region”; another subset is called the “rejection region” (or “critical region”).

If the sample outcome falls into the acceptance region, then the null hypothesis is accepted. If the sample outcome falls into the rejection region, then the null hypothesis is rejected (i.e., the alternative hypothesis is accepted).

40. Summative evaluation deals with:

Correct Answer: D. Impact
Solution:Summative evaluations are intended to provide a package of results used to assess whether a program works or not. These types of evaluations are dominating the field when it comes to evaluating programs.

While the timing of a summative evaluation has to allow the program to have a reasonable chance to achieve its goals, it is often carried out for the evaluation of short-term goals. In general, summative evaluations provide quantitative data and are focused on outcomes.

However, alongside the developmental, behavioural, or cognitive outcomes for children these evaluations often also include program statistics, for example, attendance, staff characteristics, funding, cost-effectiveness data.