UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Mass Communication & Journalism, June-2021

Total Questions: 56

51. The success of public relations in any organisation depends upon:

(a) Top-down communication system
(b) Commitment by management
(c) Centralised policy system
(d) Two-way communication system with different publics
(e) Keeping distance from manager

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: B. (b), (c), (d) only

52. The key elements in a successful annual report are:

(a) Corporate profile
(b) Financial highlights
(c) Value deducted statement
(d) Corporate goals
(e) Political climate analysis

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: C. (a), (b), (d) only

53. Which of the following are considered privileged documents by courts in India?

(a) News copy prepared by media.
(b) Annual reports of private limited companies.
(c) State secrets.
(d) Correspondence between government and its officers regarding state security.
(e) Sources of information collected and listed by government employees.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: C. (c), (d), (e) only
Solution:The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 mentions the legal provisions that create the right to privilege. Under Section 126, Section 127, Section 128 and Section 129 Attorney-Client privilege is safeguarded.

The privilege continues beyond the employment of the legal attorney. The privileged documents are confidential in nature. The privilege attached to them is accessed as a legal right.

In the coating of privilege, it is considered a negative right. No judicial discretion applies to this right. One cannot be forced by law to waive his privilege.

All the documents, which are not mandated by law in any way, may be eligible to be privileged. The party that wants to claim such privilege needs to submit an application for the same in the court. It has a limited scope.

The privilege applies to a limited number of documents of a certain nature. This means that privilege cannot apply to all documents related to the case. It needs to be applied in accordance with the codified law existing (Indian Evidence Act, 1872).

54. Who directed the film 'Sadgati' based on the short story by Munshi Premchand?

Correct Answer: B. Satyajit Ray
Solution:

Sadgati (The Deliverance) is a 1981 Hindi film, primarily made for TV, by Satyajit Ray, based on a short story of same name by Munshi Premchand.

The film is a vicious indictment of the Indian caste system; when a poor and out-caste, village shoemaker, Dukhi (Om Puri), goes to village Brahmin (Hindu priest) (Mohan Agashe) to get the date of his daughter’s marriage fixed,

the Brahmin in turn asks for labour without pay in exchange, the ensuing events however turn the table against the priest, who in the end has to fore-go all the lofty tradition, including that of untouchability, he held so dearly, all his life, in his life as village priest.

Directed by: Satyajit Ray
Written by: Amrit Rai, Satyajit Ray (Dialogue)
Screenplay by: Satyajit Ray
Story by: Munshi Premchand
Based on: Short story Sadgati by Premchand

55. Which of the following lead to the contempt of parliament?

(a) Abuse not related to the duties of the member of parliament.
(b) Personal attack of a member.
(c) Publication that affects the dignity of parliament.
(d) Publication reflecting upon the character and proceedings of parliament.
(e) Publication imputing contempt or ridicule of the house.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: C. (c), (d), (e) only
Solution:

A contempt of the Parliament House can be defined as any act that:

• Causes an obstruction in the conduct of proceedings of the House.
• Causes an obstruction in the performance of functions by any officer or member of the House.
• Any other act that directly or indirectly has such an effect.

Proceedings against contempt are very important because the nation cannot function properly if the Parliament or its members/officers are unable to perform their duties in an efficient manner.

Inquiry into proceedings of the Parliament

Under Article 122 of the Constitution, a restriction is placed on the powers of the judiciary to inquire into the proceedings of the Parliament. The restrictions are as follows:

• Inquiry into the validity of the proceedings of the Parliament on the ground of irregularity in the conduct of the proceedings, i.e., the procedure of the Parliamentary proceedings.
• Inquiry into the person or officer authorised to regulate the conduct of business and procedure of the Parliamentary proceedings can.

Publication of the Parliamentary Proceedings

Article 361A of the Constitution states that any person can publish the proceedings of the Parliament subject to such publication being a true report of the proceedings made without any malice.

However, publication of any secret proceedings of the Parliament or any State Legislature is prohibited.

56. Which among the following factors differentiate media industries from most manufacturing concerns as per Lavine and Wackman (1988)?

(a) Perishable commodity
(b) work specialization
(c) Lower visibility
(d) Types of employees
(e) Type of organization structure

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: A. (a), (d), (e) only
Solution:

Lavine and Wackman (1988) identified five characteristics that differentiate media industries from other types of businesses. These include:

• The perishable commodity of the media product,
• The highly creative employees,
• The organizational structure,
• The societal role of the media (e.g., awareness, influence) and
• The blurring of lines separating traditional media.