UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Mass Communication & Journalism, March-2023*

Total Questions: 100

11. Which of the following elements creates news?

Correct Answer: D. All of the above
Solution:The elements that create news include Time limit, Prominency, Oddity, Consequences, Human Interest, Conflict and Closeness. News value is often determined by several factors.

'Time limit' relates to the timeliness or immediacy of the information, as recent events tend to have more news value. 'Prominency' pertains to the individuals or entities involved; events involving prominent people or organizations often attract more attention.

Lastly, 'Closeness' refers to the geographical or emotional proximity of an event. Events that occur close to the audience, or that emotionally impact them, tend to be considered more newsworthy.

12. Emoji is:

Correct Answer: B. Little images use in digital platform
Solution:Emoji are small digital images or icons that are used on digital platforms to express an idea, emotion, or concept in electronic communication.

They originated in Japan and have since become a universal language in digital communication, used in everything from social media posts to text messages.

Emoji offer a way to add emotional nuance to otherwise flat text, allowing people to convey humor, sarcasm, surprise, and other feelings that might not be immediately apparent in the words alone.

13. Broadcasting of 'Swaraj' serial began from:

Correct Answer: A. 14 August, 2022
Solution:Broadcasting of the 'Swaraj' serial began from 14th August, 2022. The broadcasting dates of TV serials can be crucial, especially when the series holds significant cultural or historical importance.

'Swaraj' might be one such series, thus knowing its start date can help in understanding its timeline, impact, and potential role in shaping public discourse during that period.

14. What was the foundation year of the Reuters news agency?

Correct Answer: B. 1851
Solution:Reuters, one of the world's leading news agencies, was founded in the year 1851 by Paul Julius Reuter. The agency started its operation by transmitting stock market quotations between London and Paris over the new Calais-Dover cable.

Over the years, Reuters has built a reputation for the speed, accuracy, and impartiality of its news and is now a significant part of the global media landscape.

15. A device for preventing loud audio from exceeding the system's upper limit, by progressively reducing amplification for louder sounds is called:

Correct Answer: C. Limiter
Solution:A limiter is a type of dynamic audio processor that is used to manage audio signals. It is designed to prevent the amplitude of a sonic waveform from exceeding a specified level, thereby preventing distortion and potential damage to audio equipment.

Limiters function by reducing the gain of an overly loud signal, which is particularly important in live sound and broadcast applications where sudden spikes in volume can cause serious problems.

16. The New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO) which has been mentioned in the clauses of the International Principles of Professional Ethics in Journalism lays stress on:

Correct Answer: C. The need for decolonisation and democratization of Information and Communication.
Solution:The New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO) is mentioned in the clauses of the International Principles of Professional Ethics in Journalism. It stresses on the need for decolonization and democratization of Information and Communication.

This implies striving for a balanced and inclusive communication order that respects and includes voices from all regions of the world, giving opportunities to countries and people who were previously marginalized or silenced in global communication and media systems.

17. A Metaphoric abstraction for the online world of computer network, especially the Internet is:

Correct Answer: A. Cyber Space
Solution:The term "cyber space" is a metaphoric abstraction for the online world of computer networks, especially the internet.

The term was coined by the science fiction author William Gibson in his novel "Neuromancer" and refers to the virtual environment where digital communications occur.

This encompasses everything from the web pages of the internet to private networks and the systems that help transmit data like routers and servers.

Understanding this concept is crucial in today's digital age, as it forms the basis of our connected world, affecting areas such as communication, business, entertainment, and even politics and security.

18. Which type of advertising is "Point of Sale"?

Correct Answer: C. Direct Advertising
Solution:Рoint of Sale (POS) advertising is a type of direct advertising. POS refers to the location where a customer makes a purchase, such as the checkout counter in a store.

Advertising at the point of sale can directly influence the consumer's buying decision, often encouraging impulse purchases. This could include anything from product displays to banners, shelf labels, and more.

It's important for students studying marketing and advertising to understand different advertising types and their effectiveness in influencing consumer behavior.

19. Variables are events between the treatment and the post-test measurement that might affect the outcomes:

Correct Answer: C. Extraneous variable
Solution:Extraneous variables are variables that exist in a research study that the researcher is not interested in studying but may have an impact on the outcome of the experiment.

In other words, these are uncontrolled variables that might add error to an experiment. This is a fundamental concept in research methodology, which underscores the importance of controlling all potential variables to ensure the accuracy of research findings.

An understanding of such variables is crucial for anyone designing, conducting, or interpreting research studies.

20. The problem of 'Research Ethics' is concerned with which aspect of research activities?

Correct Answer: B. Evidence based research reporting.
Solution:The issue of 'Research Ethics' is particularly relevant to evidence-based research reporting. Ethical considerations are crucial in research to maintain integrity, honesty, and adherence to academic standards.

This includes ensuring that data is collected, analyzed, reported, and published in a transparent and responsible way, respecting the privacy and confidentiality of participants, and acknowledging the work and ideas of others.

Furthermore, research ethics also entail that researchers remain unbiased and transparent, and that they disclose any potential conflicts of interest.