UGC NET/JRF EXAM, (Paper-II) Dec.-2022 POLITICAL SCIENCE (SHIFT II)

Total Questions: 100

1. Right are what we may expect from others, and others from us, who said it

Correct Answer: (a) Hobhouse
Solution:

LT Hobhouse (1864-1929) was an English liberal political theorist and sociologist, he said, "Rights are what we may expect from others and others from us, and all genuine rights are conditions of social welfare. Thus, the rights anyone may claim are partly those which are necessary for the fulfillment of the function that society expects from him. They are conditioned by, correlative to, his social responsibilities."

2. Who has written the "Wretched of the Earth".

Correct Answer: (c) Jean-Pual Sartre
Solution:

Jean-Paul Sartre, a prominent French philosopher, wrote the preface to The wretched of the Earth' (1961) by Frantz fanon. In his preface, Sartre highlights the importance of Fanon's work in understanding the psychological and political dimensions of colonization and decolonization. Sartre also supports fanon's advocacy of violence by colonized people against colonizers, as necessary for their mental health and political liberation.

3. Who said, "Justice is the first virtue of social institutions".

Correct Answer: (b) John Rawls
Solution:

John Rawls, in his book, 'A theory of Justice (1971)', discussed the idea that justice should be the primary concern of any social institution he said, "Justice is the first virtue of social institutions, as truth is of systems of thought."
Important Books: Justice as Fairness (1985), Political Liberalism (1993), The law of peoples (1993), The law of peoples (1993), Collected Papers (1999)

4. "Рolitics is war without bloodshed and war is politics with bloodshed", who said it

Correct Answer: (a) Mao Tse-Tung
Solution:

Mao Zedong (1893-1976), a Chinese statesman and leader of the communist party, said, "Politice is war without bloodshed while war is politics with bloodshed."
Another famous Quote: "Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun."

5. In which university Kautilya taught?

Correct Answer: (a) Takshila
Solution:

Kautilya was an Indian economist, philosopher, and political advisor who lived in the 4th century BC. He is best known for his work, Arthashashtra, which is a treatise on statecraft, economic policy and military strategy. He is believed to have taught Economics and Political science at the ancient Takshashila University (Which is now in Pakistan). Takshashila is one of the oldest universities in the world and a center of learning in ancient india.

6. Which of the following is the content of Fatwai-Jahandari?

Correct Answer: (a) Nasihat for the muslim Kings
Solution:

Fatwa-i-jahandari (Rulings on Temporal Government) was written by Ziauddin Barani around 1885-59 AD. The book is influenced by Sufi Mysticism and presents the political ideals and philosophy of the Tughlaq rulers. In his book, Barani, gave Nasihat (advise) for the Muslim kings. Barani views events in the lives of great me as manifestations of divine providence. Barani's other works : Tarikh-i-Firoz shahi, Rihala.

7. Which of the following is associated with concept of 'Begumpura', the kingdom of God?

Correct Answer: (c) Kabir/
Solution:

Begampure (Land without sorrow) is a concept in the philosophy of kabir and the poetry of Guru Ravidas that represents an ideal state of existence. in kabir's philosophy, Begumpura is a utopian society without sorrow, discrimination, or suffering, and governed by love, equality, and compassion. In Ravidos poetry, Begumpura is an anti-caste utopia without suffering. discrimination, or social hierarchies.

8. Who founded the Arya Mahila Sabha?

Correct Answer: (c) Ramabai
Solution:

Pandita Ramabai founded the 'Arya mahila sabha' in Pune on November 30, 1882. The organization's goal was to educate and empower women so they could lead dignified lives, and to end the oppression of child marriage.
Ramabai was the first woman to be given the title of 'Pandita' and 'Saraswati' by the University of calcutta faculty after being examined as a sankkrit scholar.
In 1889. Ramabai also founded-
(i) Sharada sadan- To promote education and security for young hindu widows.
(ii) Mukti Mission- A refuge for young widows.

9. Who said that England is democratic only during the elections?

Correct Answer: (c) Roisseau
Solution:

Rousseau, in his book, "The social contract (1762)', said that "the people of England regard itself as free; but it is grossly mistaken; it is free only during the election slavery overtakes it, and it is nothing.
Another quote: "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains."
Important Books: Emile (1762), Discourses on Inequality (1755), Discourse on the Arts and sciences (1750).

10. Who is the author of the 'Authoritarian Personality?

Correct Answer: (b) Theodore Adorno
Solution:

The Authoritarian Personality' was written by Theodor. Adorno. The book was a response to hitler's Germany and is considered one of the most important works of social psychology. It explores the psychological and social factors that contribute to the development of authoritarianism in individuals. The book's historical background includes the rise of fascism in the 1930s, World war II and the Holocaust.