UGC NET/JRF EXAM, (Paper-II) Dec.-2022 POLITICAL SCIENCE (SHIFT II)

Total Questions: 100

31. Henri Fayol's General Theory of administration is applicable-at........

Correct Answer: (b) Top Management level
Solution:

Henry Fayol's General Theory of Administration is applicable at the top management level. The administrative theory of management is focused on principle that could be used by managers to co-ordinate the internal activities of organizations. Fayol's principles provide a framework for effective management and decision making at the strategic level. If encompasses various aspects of management including POCCC- Planning, Organizing, commanding, co-ordinating and controlling.

32. Who among the following said, "Problem solving theory takes the world as it finds it, with the prevailing social and power relationships and the institutions into which they are organized, as the given framework for action".

Correct Answer: (a) Robert W. Cox
Solution:

Robert W. Cox said, "Problem-solving theory takes the world as it finds it, with the prevailing social and power relationships and the institutions into which they are organized, as the given framework for action." Robert Cox is known for his critical approach to problem-solving theory in the field of international relations.
Important work: Social Forces, States and world orders: Beyond international Relations Theory (1981)

33. Who originally coined the term 'Security Dilemma'?

Correct Answer: (a) John Herz
Solution:

The security dilemma is a central concept in the study of international politics and foreign policy. The logic of the security dilemma was first described by British historian Herbert Butterfield in 1949, and the term was coined by American Political scientist John Herz in 1950. The security dilemma describes how a state's actions to increase its sceurity can lead other states to respond in a way that decreases its won security.

34. Who has argued that state seeks to maximize power instead of security?

Correct Answer: (d) John Mearsheimer
Solution:

Political scientist John Mearsheimer is known for arguing that states prioritize maximizing power over security, His theory of 'offensive realism' describes how great powers are driven by a desire for regional hegemony in an anarchic international system.
Mersheimer argues that states can never be sure of other state's intentions, and that the best way to ensure survival is to be the most powerful state,. He believes that achieving hegemony is unlikely, but that the world is locked in perpetual competition between great powers.

35. With which writer do you associate the phrase 'Anarchy is what states make of it?

Correct Answer: (a) Alexander Wendt
Solution:

"Anarchy is what states make of it: The social Construction of Power politics" is a journal article by Alexander wendt, Published in International organization in 1992 that outlines a constructivist approach to international relations theory. He stated that 'Anarchy is what states make of it', it means that if a state calls the international system to be anarchic then it's all about the stat's perceived definition of anarchy.

36. When did the 26/11 terrorist attacks in Mumbai take place?

Correct Answer: (b) 2008
Solution:

The 2008 Mumbai attacks, also known as the 26/11 attacks, were a series of coordinated terrorist attacks that took place in Mumbai, India from November 26-29, 2008. The attacks were carried out by 10 members of hashkar-e-Taiba (Let), a militant Islamist organisation from pakishtan. who targeted civilians at various locations including CST Railway station, the Leopold cafe, two hospitals, and a theater. The terrorists also took hostages at three locations, including the airman House, Oberon trident and the Taj mahal palace.
The attacks lasted 4 days and resulted in the deaths of 175 people and more than 300 injuries.

37. What was the objective of Vande Bharat Mission?

Correct Answer: (a) To repatriate distressed Indian nationals from outside India
Solution:

Vande Bharat Mission was an operation carried out by the In Indian navy to evacuate Indian, Sri Lankan and Nepalese nationals, from the conflict zone during the 2006 Lebanon war it was one of the largest evacuations by the Indian Navy in which a total of 2280 people were evacuated.

38. When did India participate in NAM summit for the first time?

Correct Answer: (a) 1961
Solution:

India participated in the first official NAM summit, held in Belgrade in 1961. for the first time, under the leadership of Tito, Nehru, Nasser, Kwame Nkrumah and sukarno, drew delegates from 25 African, Asian, Latin American and European countries. Participants at the conference were united in their emphasis on economic development and their condemnation of colonialism. Nehru's principle of ["peaceful co-existence" appealed to the new nations.

39. In Which of the following year the Act East Policy was announced?

Correct Answer: (d) 2014
Solution:

The 'Act East policy' was announced in November, 2014. it is the upgraded version of 'Look East policy'. Its objective is to promote economic cooperation. cultural ties and develop strategic relationships with countries in the indo-pacific region through continuous engagement to bilateral, regional and multilateral treaties, thereby providing enhanced connectivity is its broadest sense.

40. Which of the following books are written by Lenin

A. What is to be done
B. State and Revolution
C. What is History
D. Marxism Today
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A and B only
Solution:

Vladimir Lenin (1870-1925) was the founder of the Russian communist party, leader of the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, and the first head of the soviet Istate.
Famous works :
(i) The state and Revolution (1917)
(ii) What is to be done? (1902)
(iii) imperialism: The highest stage of capitalism (1917)