UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Politics Including International Relations and Studies JANUARY-2025 – (PAPER-II)

Total Questions: 100

21. Under the Constitution of India, promotion of international peace and security is the part of:

Correct Answer: 4. Directive Principles of State Policy (Article-51)
Solution:The promotion of international peace and security is enshrined under Article 51 of the Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution.

It directs the State to promote international peace and security, maintain just and honourable relations between nations, foster respect for international law, and encourage the settlement of international disputes by arbitration.

22. Which of the following countries has conferred the Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi the Order of the 'Druk Gyalpo', in 2024 making him the first foreign head of the Government to receive the honour?

Correct Answer: 3. Bhutan
Solution:In 2024, Bhutan conferred its highest civilian honour, the Order of the Druk Gyalpo, on Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, making him the first foreign head of government to receive this honour.

The award was given in recognition of his contributions to strengthening India-Bhutan ties and supporting Bhutan’s development.

23. The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is headquartered in which city of India?

Correct Answer: 2. Gurugram
Solution:The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is an international organization that aims to promote solar energy use among member countries. It

is headquartered in Gurugram, Haryana, India. The ISA was jointly launched by India and France during the 2015 Paris Climate Conference (COP21).

24. India is not a party of which of the following pacts/agreements?

Correct Answer: 2. Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
Solution:India is a member of several regional and international pacts. It is a part of the:

• East Asia Summit (EAS)
• Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA)
• Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)

However, India opted out of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) in 2019 due to concerns over trade deficits and inadequate safeguards for its economy, particularly regarding China.

25. Who was World Bank's chief negotiator in Indus Water Treaty (1960)?

Correct Answer: 3. Sir William Illif
Solution:

The World Bank’s chief negotiator for the Indus Water Treaty (1960) was Sir William Iliff.

He played a pivotal role in mediating between India and Pakistan to resolve disputes over water sharing in the Indus River system. His diplomatic efforts helped reach a landmark agreement that is still in effect today.

26. The "Necklace of Diamonds" is a counter strategy of India to the Chinese "String of Pearls". Which of the following ports is not the part of the "Necklace of Diamonds"?

Correct Answer: 4. John Foster Dulles
Solution:The “Necklace of Diamonds” is India’s strategic counter to China’s “String of Pearls” strategy in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

While China’s strategy involves establishing military and commercial facilities at strategic ports around India, India has responded by securing partnerships and access at key maritime locations such as:

• Changi Naval Base (Singapore)
• Duqm Port (Oman)
• Assumption Island (Seychelles)

However, Kyaukphyu Port in Myanmar is part of China’s “String of Pearls”, not India’s “Necklace of Diamonds”. It is a key Chinese-funded port that facilitates Beijing’s access to the Bay of Bengal.

27. The "Cabbage Wrapping" tactics is military strategy' of which country?

Correct Answer: 3. China
Solution:The “Cabbage Wrapping” tactic is a Chinese military strategy, particularly applied in maritime territorial disputes in the South China Sea.

It involves surrounding a disputed area with multiple layers of security, such as fishing boats, coast guard, and naval vessels—like the layers of a cabbage—to control the area without engaging in direct military conflict.

28. Which among the following is the largest ethnic community in Afghanistan?

Correct Answer: 3. Pashtuns
Solution:The Pashtuns are the largest ethnic group in Afghanistan, constituting around 40-45% of the population.

They have historically held dominant political and military positions in Afghan society, including leadership in the Taliban movement. Other major groups include Tajiks, Hazaras, and Uzbeks, but none surpass the Pashtuns in population size.

29. In recent years, a scandal involving Brazil's state oil company, Petrobas, underwent an investigation under which codename?

Correct Answer: 3. Car Wash
Solution:The scandal involving Brazil’s state oil company, Petrobras, was investigated under the codename “Operation Car Wash” (Lava Jato).

It began as a money laundering probe and expanded into a massive corruption investigation involving political and business elites across Latin America. It led to the arrest of top executives and politicians, including former President Lula (who was later released and re-elected).

30. 'Operation Ganga' of the Government of India is related to which of the following:

Correct Answer: 4. Evacuation and repatriation of Indians stuck in Ukraine during the RussiaUkraine conflict
Solution:‘Operation Ganga’ was an initiative launched by the Government of India in 2022 to evacuate Indian nationals—mainly students—who were stranded in Ukraine during the Russia-Ukraine conflict.

The operation involved coordinated efforts using commercial and military aircraft and special evacuation corridors via neighboring countries like Poland, Hungary, and Romania.