UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Politics Including International Relations and Studies JANUARY-2025 – (PAPER-II)

Total Questions: 100

41. Arrange in ascending order with regard to the independence of following countries from Great Britain.

A. Independence of Pakistan
B. Independence of India
C. Independence of Burma
D. Independence of Sri Lanka

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 1. A, B, C, D
Solution:The independence timeline of the listed countries from Great Britain is as follows:

• Pakistan gained independence on 14 August 1947
• India followed a day later, on 15 August 1947
• Burma (now Myanmar) achieved independence on 4 January 1948
• Sri Lanka (then Ceylon) became independent on 4 February 1948

Arranging them in ascending order (from the earliest to the latest date of independence):
A (Pakistan) → B (India) → C (Burma) → D (Sri Lanka)

42. Arrange the following in ascending order:

A. China's announcement of BRI Project
B. Establishment of EU
C. Birth of ARF
D. Establishment of BRICS
E. Establishment of BIMSTЕС

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 3. B, C, E, D, A
Solution:Let’s look at the years of establishment/announcement for each organization/event:

B. Establishment of EU – 1993 (European Union officially established by the Maastricht Treaty)

C. Birth of ARF (ASEAN Regional Forum) – 1994

E. Establishment of BIMSTEC – 1997

D. Establishment of BRICS – 2006 (originally as BRIC; South Africa joined in 2010)

A. China’s announcement of BRI (Belt and Road Initiative) – 2013

43. Arrange the following organization in ascending order of their establishment:

A. World Bank
B. World Trade Organization
C. International Atomic Energy Agency
D. United Nations Organization

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 2. A, D, C, В
Solution:
  1. The establishment years of the organizations are as follows:

A. World Bank – 1944, founded at the Bretton Woods Conference.

D. United Nations Organization (UNO) – 1945, officially came into existence on October 24, 1945.

C. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) – 1957, established to promote peaceful use of nuclear energy.

B. World Trade Organization (WTO) – 1995, came into being on January 1, 1995, replacing GATT.

Arranging them in descending order (from oldest to newest): A (1944) → D (1945) → C (1957) → B (1995).

44. Arrange the timeline of the Cold War in ascending order.

A. Vietnamese intervention in Cambodia
B. Unification of Germany
C. Gorbachev becomes the President of the USSR
D. Fall of the Berlin Wall

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 2. A, D, C, B
Solution:The chronological sequence of Cold War events is based on their actual historical timeline:

A. Vietnamese intervention in Cambodia – Began December 25, 1978, when Vietnam invaded Cambodia to overthrow the Khmer Rouge regime.

D. Fall of the Berlin Wall – Happened on November 9, 1989, marking the symbolic end of the Cold War divide.

C. Gorbachev becomes the President of the USSR – He formally became President on March 15, 1990 (though he was General Secretary from 1985).

B. Unification of Germany – Completed on October 3, 1990, bringing East and West Germany together.

Arranged in ascending order (earliest to latest): A (1978) → D (1989) → C (1990) → B (1990).

45. Arrange the evolution of Unions in Africa in ascending order.

A. African Union
B. Central African Customs and Economic Union
C. Economic Community of West African States
D. Southern African Development Community
E. Economic Community of Central African States

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 1. B, C, E, D & A
Solution:Arrange the evolution of African unions in ascending order (i.e., oldest to most recent):

Let’s list the founding years:

B. Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC, precursor of CEMAC) – 1964

C. Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) – 1975

E. Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) – 1983

D. Southern African Development Community (SADC) – 1992

A. African Union (AU) – 2002 (replaced OAU)

Arranging them in ascending order: B (1964) → C (1975) → E (1983) → D (1992) → A (2002).

46. Arrange the following economic crisis in ascending order:

A. US Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis
B. Asian Financial Crisis
C. Dot-com Crisis
D. Uruguay Banking Crisis
E. Mexican Economic Crisis

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 1. E, B, C, D, A
Solution:Arrange the following economic crises in ascending order (oldest to most recent):

Let’s identify the timeline:

E. Mexican Economic Crisis – 1994 (also known as the Tequila Crisis)

B. Asian Financial Crisis – 1997

C. Dot-com Crisis – 2000–2002

D. Uruguayan Banking Crisis – 2002

A. US Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis – 2007–2008

In ascending order: E (1994) → B (1997) → C (2000) → D (2002) → A (2007–08).
Correct order: E, B, C, D, A.

47. Arrange the following International Instruments on Environment in ascending order.

A. Brundtland Commission
B. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
C. Antarctic Treaty
D. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
E. Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 1. C, B, D, A & E
Solution:Arrange the following international environmental instruments in ascending order (oldest to most recent):

C. Antarctic Treaty (1959): Protected Antarctica for peaceful use.

B. CITES (1973): Regulates trade in endangered species.

D. UNCLOS (1982): Law of the sea framework.

A. Brundtland Commission (1983): Introduced sustainable development.

E. Vienna Convention (1985): Protects the ozone layer.

Order: C → B → D → A → E.

48. Arrange the international human rights documents in ascending order of their adoption.

A. Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women
B. Convention on the Rights of Child
C. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
D. Declaration of Torture
E. Vienna convention on Human Right

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 3. C. D, A, B, E
Solution:Arrange the international human rights documents in ascending order of their adoption (oldest to most recent):

Let’s list their years of adoption:

C. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) – 1948

D. Declaration on Protection from Torture (UN Declaration on Torture) – 1975

A. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) – 1979

B. Convention on the Rights of the Child – 1989

E. Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action (World Conference on Human Rights) – 1993

Now, arranging in ascending order: C (1948) → D (1975) → A (1979) → B (1989) → E (1993).

49. Arrange the US Presidents in ascending order of their tenure.

A. Richard Nixon
B. John F. Kennedy
C. Ronald Reagan
D. Harry S. Truman

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 2. D, B, A, C
Solution:Arrange the U.S. Presidents in ascending order of their tenure (i.e., earliest to latest):

Here are their presidential terms:

D. Harry S. Truman – 1945–1953

B. John F. Kennedy – 1961–1963

A. Richard Nixon – 1969–1974

C. Ronald Reagan – 1981–1989

Arranged in ascending order: D (Truman) → B (Kennedy) → A (Nixon) → C (Reagan).

50. Arrange the following organisations with the strength of their membership in ascending order.

A. SAARC
В. ОРЕС
C. BIMSTEC
D. SCO

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 2. C, A, D, B
Solution:The number of member countries in each of the listed organizations is as follows:

C. BIMSTEC – 7 members

A. SAARC – 8 members

D. SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organisation) – 9 members (as of 2023, with Iran’s addition)

B. OPEC – 13 members (as of the latest count, though membership can fluctuate)

Arranging these in ascending order of membership strength: C (7) → A (8) → D (9) → B (13).