UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Politics Including International Relations and Studies JUNE-2025 (PAPER-II)

A. Prithvi → IV. India – The Prithvi missile series is part of India’s Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP).

B. Harpoon → III. United States – The Harpoon is an anti-ship missile developed by the U.S. defense industry (Boeing).

C. Pongae → II. North Korea – The Pongae (KN series) missiles are part of North Korea’s surface-to-air missile system.

D. Dongfeng → I. China – The Dongfeng (DF) series is a range of Chinese ballistic missiles.

Correct matching: A–IV, B–III, C–II, D–I.

A. Tahrir Square → II. Egypt – Located in Cairo, Tahrir Square was the focal point of the 2011 Egyptian Revolution.

B. Pearl Square → III. Bahrain – Also known as Lulu Roundabout, it was the main site of protests during the Bahraini uprising (2011).

C. Tiananmen Square → IV. China – The site of the 1989 pro-democracy protests brutally suppressed by the Chinese government.

D. Revolution Square → I. Romania – Located in Bucharest, it was central to the 1989 Romanian Revolution that ended Nicolae Ceaușescu’s rule.

Correct matching: A–II, B–III, C–IV, D–I.

A. Narges Mohammadi → IV. Iran – Awarded the 2023 Nobel Peace Prize for her fight against the oppression of women in Iran.

B. Nihon Hidankyo → I. Japan – The Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organizations, awarded for nuclear disarmament advocacy.

C. Linus Carl Pauling → II. United States – The only person awarded two unshared Nobel Prizes (Chemistry in 1954, Peace in 1962).

D. Albert Luthuli → III. South Africa – Awarded the 1960 Nobel Peace Prize for his role in the nonviolent struggle against apartheid.

Correct matching: A–IV, B–I, C–II, D–III.

A. Antonio Gramsci → II. Hegemony – Gramsci developed the concept of cultural hegemony, explaining how ruling classes maintain power through ideological means.

B. Karl Marx → III. Historical Materialism – Marx’s theory that material (economic) conditions shape history and social structures.

C. Immanuel Kant → IV. Perpetual Peace – Kant’s 1795 essay proposed principles for achieving lasting world peace through republicanism and international law.

D. Nicholas Spykman → I. Rimland Theory – Spykman proposed the Rimland Theory, emphasizing the geopolitical importance of coastal regions of Eurasia.

Correct matching: A–II, B–III, C–IV, D–I.

A. Hezbollah → IV. Lebanon – A Shi’a Islamist group and political party based in Lebanon.

B. Hamas → III. Gaza – A Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization primarily operating from the Gaza Strip.

C. Boko Haram → II. Nigeria – An extremist group based in northeastern Nigeria, opposing Western education.

D. Al Shabaab → I. Somalia – A Somali militant group linked to al-Qaeda, active in Somalia and neighboring regions.

Correct matching: A–IV, B–III, C–II, D–I

A. SALT-I → I. Limits strategic nuclear weapons – The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks I (1972) aimed to limit the number of strategic ballistic missile launchers.

B. START-I → II. Limits the number of nuclear warheads and delivery systems – The Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (1991) reduced strategic offensive arms including nuclear warheads and delivery vehicles.

C. PTBT → III. Bans atmospheric, underwater and outer-space nuclear tests – The Partial Test Ban Treaty (1963) prohibited nuclear tests in these environments.

Test Ban Treaty (1963) prohibited nuclear explosions in the atmosphere, underwater, and outer space.

D. NPT → IV. Prohibits acquisition of nuclear weapons by non-nuclear states – The Non-Proliferation Treaty (1968) prevents the spread of nuclear weapons and promotes disarmament.

Correct matching: A–I, B–II, C–III, D–IV.

A. United States → II. 2 years – The U.S. House of Representatives members serve 2-year terms.

B. Canada → III. 5 years – The Canadian House of Commons has a maximum term of 5 years under the Constitution.

C. Argentina → IV. 4 years – Members of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies serve 4-year terms, with half renewed every two years.

D. Mexico → I. 3 years – Members of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies serve 3-year terms.

Correct matching: A–II, B–III, C–IV, D–I.

88. Match List-I (Island Country) with List-II (Location):

A. Mauritius → II. Indian Ocean – Located in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar.

B. Fiji → IV. Pacific Ocean – An island nation in the South Pacific Ocean.

C. Bahamas → I. Atlantic Ocean – A group of islands located in the Atlantic Ocean, north of the Caribbean Sea.

D. Cyprus → III. Mediterranean – An island country situated in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

Correct matching: A–II, B–IV, C–I, D–II

A. Kyrgyzstan → IV. Bishkek – Capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan, near the Kazakhstan border.

B. Uzbekistan → I. Tashkent – Capital and major industrial hub of Uzbekistan.

C. Turkmenistan → II. Ashgabat – Capital city known for its white marble buildings.

D. Tajikistan → III. Dushanbe – Capital of Tajikistan; its name means “Monday” in Persian.

Correct matching: A–IV, B–I, C–II, D–III

A. Abraham Lincoln → IV. Abolition of Slavery – Lincoln led the U.S. during the Civil War and abolished slavery via the Emancipation Proclamation.

B. Woodrow Wilson → III. The Fourteen Points – His 1918 plan for post–World War I peace and an international order.

C. Franklin D. Roosevelt → II. The New Deal – A series of programs and reforms to recover from the Great Depression.

D. Donald Trump → I. Making America Great Again – Trump’s 2016 presidential campaign slogan.

Correct matching: A–IV, B–III, C–II, D–I.