UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Politics Including International Relations and Studies SEPTEMBER - 2024 - (PAPER-II)

Total Questions: 100

81. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Events)	List-II (Years)
A. Libyan Civil War	I. 2021
B. Kosovo War	II. 2011
C. Recent military Revolt in Myanmar	III. 2008
D. Russia invaded Georgia	IV. 1999

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
2. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
3. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
4. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Correct Answer: 1. A II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Solution:

A. Libyan Civil War – II. 2011: The Libyan Civil War began in February 2011 during the Arab Spring, leading to the overthrow and death of Muammar Gaddafi.

B. Kosovo War – IV. 1999: The war in Kosovo between Serbian forces and ethnic Albanians began in 1998 and ended in 1999 with NATO intervention.

C. Recent military revolt in Myanmar – I. 2021: On 1 February 2021, the Myanmar military (Tatmadaw) staged a coup, overthrowing the elected government led by Aung San Suu Kyi.

D. Russia invaded Georgia – III. 2008: In August 2008, Russia launched a military invasion into Georgia, focusing on the breakaway regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.

82. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Author)	List-II (Book)
A. Herold Lasswell	I. The Sources of Social Power
B. Michael Mann	II. Politics Who Gets What, When, How
C. Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton	III. Understanding International Conflict
D. Joseph S. Nye	IV. Black Power, The Politics of Liberation in America

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
2. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
3. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
4. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Correct Answer: 4. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

A. Harold Lasswell – II. Politics: Who Gets What, when, How: A foundational text in political science, published in 1936, exploring the distribution of power and resources.

B. Michael Mann – I. The Sources of Social Power: A multi-volume sociological and historical analysis of power, by British-American scholar Michael Mann.

C. Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton – IV. Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America: This 1967 book introduced the concept of institutional racism and argued for Black political and economic empowerment.

D. Joseph S. Nye – III. Understanding International Conflict: In this work, Nye discusses global politics, power, and the theory of soft power, which he popularized.

83. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Designated SAARC Agenda)	List-II (Year)
A. SAARC Year of Girl Child	I. 1991
B. SAARC year of Shelter	II. 1990
C. SAARC year of Disabled Persons	III. 1995
D. SAARC year of Poverty Eradication	IV. 1993

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
2. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
3. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Correct Answer: 1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

A. SAARC Year of Girl Child – II. 1990: SAARC declared 1990 as the Year of the Girl Child, to promote awareness and improve the status of girls in South Asia.

B. SAARC Year of Shelter – I. 1991: Declared to address housing issues and promote shelter for all in the region.

C. SAARC Year of Disabled Persons – IV. 1993: Aimed at promoting rights, access, and dignity for persons with disabilities across South Asia.

D. SAARC Year of Poverty Eradication – III. 1995: The focus of SAARC in 1995 was on eliminating poverty through regional cooperation and social development programs.

84. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Border)	List-II (Country)
A. Durand Line	I. India-Pakistan
B. Reccliffe Line	II. Pakistan- Afghanistan
C. 38th Parallel	III. Iran and Iraq
D. 31st Parallel	IV. North Korea-South Korea

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-II, D IV
2. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
3. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
4. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Correct Answer: 4. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:A. Durand Line - II. Pakistan-Afghanistan: Established in 1893, this line demarcates the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan (formerly British India).

B. Radcliffe Line - I. India-Pakistan: Drawn in 1947 by Sir Cyril Radcliffe, it divided British India into India and Pakistan.

C. 38th Parallel - IV. North Korea-South Korea: The 38th parallel became the dividing line after WWII and the Korean War (1950-1953), separating the two Koreas.

D. 31st Parallel - III. Iran and Iraq: This latitude line approximately marks the southern border between Iran and Iraq in parts of the region, particularly near Basra and Khuzestan.

85. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Terror Attack)	List-II (Location Target)
A. Madrid Attack	I. 2002
B. Bali Attack	II. 2004
C. Indian Parliament Attack	III. 2001
D. Army School attack in Peshawar	IV. 2014

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
2. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
3. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
4. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Correct Answer: 2. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

Solution:

A. Madrid Attack – II. 2004: A series of coordinated bombings occurred on 11 March 2004 on commuter trains in Madrid, Spain, killing nearly 200 people.

B. Bali Attack – I. 2002: On 12 October 2002, terrorist bombings in Bali, Indonesia killed over 200 people, mostly foreign tourists.

C. Indian Parliament Attack – III. 2001: On 13 December 2001, terrorists attacked the Indian Parliament in New Delhi, leading to a major India-Pakistan standoff.

D. Army School attack in Peshawar – IV. 2014: On 16 December 2014, the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan carried out a brutal attack on the Army Public School in Peshawar, killing over 140, mostly children.

86. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Global Human Rights Convention)	List-II (Year of Enactment)
A. Genocide Convention	I. 1975
B. Declaration on Torture	II. 1993
C. Vienna Convention on Human Rights	III. 1951
D. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees	IV. 1954

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
2. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
3. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Correct Answer: 1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

Solution:

A. Genocide Convention – III. 1951: The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 9 December 1948, and came into force in 1951.

B. Declaration on Torture – I. 1975: The Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1975.

C. Vienna Convention on Human Rights – II. 1993: The World Conference on Human Rights was held in Vienna in 1993, producing the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.

D. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees – IV. 1954: The 1951 Refugee Convention came into force on 22 April 1954, though it was adopted in 1951.

87. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (President/Prime Minister)	List-II (Country)
A. Asif Ali Zardari	I. France
B. Emmanuel Macron	II. Pakistan
C. Giorgia Meloni	III. Spain
D. Pedro Sanchez	IV. Italy

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
2. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
4. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I

Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

A. Asif Ali Zardari – II. Pakistan: He served as President of Pakistan from 2008 to 2013 and is a senior figure in the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP).

B. Emmanuel Macron – I. France: Elected as President of France in 2017, and re-elected in 2022.

C. Giorgia Meloni – IV. Italy: Became Prime Minister of Italy in October 2022, leading a right-wing coalition.

D. Pedro Sánchez – III. Spain: Serving as Prime Minister of Spain since June 2018, representing the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (PSOE).

88. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (War)	List-II (Years)
A. India-China War	I. 1979
B. Vietnam-China War	II. 1962
C. Soviet Union-China war	III. 1969
D. Argentin-United Kingdom War	IV. 1982

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
3. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
4. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I

Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

Solution:

A. India–China War – II. 1962: A border war fought in October–November 1962, primarily in Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh.

B. Vietnam–China War – I. 1979: China invaded Vietnam in February 1979 in response to Vietnam’s occupation of Cambodia.

C. Soviet Union–China War – III. 1969: A border conflict known as the Sino-Soviet Border Conflict, peaked in March 1969 at Damansky/Zhenbao Island.

D. Argentina–United Kingdom War – IV. 1982: Also known as the Falklands War, it took place between April and June 1982 over the Falkland Islands.

89. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Cold war events)	List-II (Year)
A. Cuban Missile Crisis	I. 1946-1949
B. Greek Civil War	II. 1962
C. Paraguayan Civil War	III. 1948
D. Costa Rican Civil War	IV. 1947

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
4. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II

Correct Answer: 1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

A. Cuban Missile Crisis – II. 1962: A 13-day confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union over Soviet ballistic missiles deployed in Cuba.

B. Greek Civil War – I. 1946-1949: Fought between the Greek government army and communist insurgents, often considered one of the early proxy wars of the Cold War.

C. Paraguayan Civil War – IV. 1947: The 1947 Paraguayan Civil War was a short but intense conflict resulting in long-lasting authoritarian rule.

D. Costa Rican Civil War – III. 1948: The Costa Rican Civil War occurred in 1948 after disputed presidential elections, lasting 44 days, and led to the abolition of the military.

90. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Regional Organisation)	List-II (Founded)
A. African Union	I. 1994
B. North American Free Trade Agreement	II. 2002
C. Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation	III. 1989
D. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation	IV. 1997

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
2. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
3. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
4. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Correct Answer: 4. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

A. African Union – II. 2002: The AU was officially launched on 9 July 2002, succeeding the Organisation of African Unity (OAU).

B. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) – I. 1994: Came into force on 1 January 1994, linking USA, Canada, and Mexico in a trilateral trade bloc.

C. Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) – IV. 1997: Founded on 6 June 1997, BIMSTEC connects South and Southeast Asian countries around the Bay of Bengal.

D. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) – III. 1989: APEC was established in November 1989 to promote free trade and economic cooperation across the Asia-Pacific region.