UGC-NET (NTA) Adult Education February-2023

Total Questions: 100

91. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Classifying research in Extension Education of service is inseperable from the way in which its operationalisation in the field is organized. The field includes the act of planning, administration, material productions training, teaching, evaluation, etc.
Each of these areas of specialization has a philosophical and psychological ban, characteristic to the field of Extension Education. Extension education and services personnel had diverse background but willing to carry out a 'new identity' through a gradual movement from initial works based on their background and later to the specific task at hand which has a exploratory inputs that were area specific, hence differed from one to the other institution. From carrying the responsibilities of awareness, delivery, evaluation, etc.
and state flagship programmes these personnel slowly moved to the reform potential of such education and services in higher education.
What could be inferred from the text about extension education and services research? 

Correct Answer: A. It grew in several direction
Solution:

The passage discusses the field of Extension Education and services, which includes various activities such as planning, administration, material production, training, teaching, evaluation, and more. It mentions that personnel in this field come from diverse backgrounds but are willing to adopt a "new identity" by gradually transitioning from their initial work to more specific tasks.
These specific tasks often involve exploratory inputs that are area-specific and may differ from one institution to another. This information suggests that Extension Education and services research is not a static or one-dimensional field.
Instead, it is dynamic and adaptable, with professionals in the field willing to explore and expand their expertise in various directions. They are open to different approaches and strategies, which indicates growth and diversification in their research and activities.
Hence, the inference that can be made is that research in Extension Education and services grew in several directions as professionals in the field adapted to new challenges and tasks.

92. What prevented extension education and services personnel from pursuing dedicated researches?

Correct Answer: D. Diverse background of personnel
Solution:

The diverse background of personnel could potentially pose challenges when it comes to pursuing dedicated research in Extension Education and services. Here's how:

  • Differing Priorities: Personnel with diverse backgrounds may have different priorities and interests, making it challenging to align their research efforts on a common goal or theme.
  • Varied Skill Sets: While diversity can be an asset, it might also mean that personnel have varying levels of research skills and expertise. Some individuals may be more equipped for research than others.
  • Communication Barriers: Diverse backgrounds can sometimes lead to communication barriers, making it harder for personnel to collaborate effectively on research projects.
  • Resource Allocation: Managing research resources and funding for a diverse group of researchers with different needs and research areas can be complex.

93. Diversity of research areas among extension functional can help:

Correct Answer: C. New initiations of reform
Solution:

The passage mentions that personnel in Extension Education and services gradually moved towards the reform potential of such education and services in higher education. Diversity in research areas can contribute to new initiatives and reforms within the field.
It allows for a broader perspective and the exploration of various approaches and ideas, which can be beneficial for initiating reforms.

94. As per the text from 'initial works' to 'specific tasks' means:

Correct Answer: B. There is growth from ‘general to specific'
Solution:

The passage mentions that Extension education and services personnel transitioned from their initial works based on their backgrounds to specific tasks that had exploratory inputs and were area-specific.
This indicates a progression from more general or broad tasks to more specific and focused ones.

95. Which of the following activities of extension education and services could be considered as part of the state flagship programmes?

Correct Answer: A. Adult Basic Literacy
Solution:

As the activity that could be considered as part of the state flagship programs within extension education and sendees.
State flagship programs in extension education and services often aim to address critical educational and societal needs within a region or community.
Adult Basic Literacy programs can be a vital part of such initiatives because they focus on improving the literacy and numeracy skills of adults, which can have a significant impact on individuals and communities. Here's why Adult Basic Literacy is relevant:

  • Lifelong Learning: Many state flagship programs prioritize lifelong learning and education. Adult Basic Literacy programs contribute to this goal by providing opportunities for adults to acquire or improve essential literacy skills.
  • Community Empowerment: Improving adult literacy can empower individuals to participate more fully in their communities, access better employment opportunities, and engage in lifelong learning.
  • Social and Economic Impact: Enhancing adult literacy levels can have positive social and economic impacts at both the individual and community levels, contributing to poverty reduction and improved quality of life.
  • Government Priorities: Depending on the region or country, governments may prioritize adult literacy as part of their education and development agendas, and it could be included in flagship programs.

96. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Understood as the mastering of linguistic rules, literacy can be treated as a social variable that exists independently of any particular individual, society or cultural tradition people 'acquire' literacy or perhaps more accurately it is brought to them. Literacy introduced into a community can thus potentially transform it. again in 'predictable ways'.
The transformation is one-way, from literacy onto society - the ability to read and write alters how people think.
Such accounts exclude the possibility that the apparent effects of literacy might emerge as part of a more dynamic and interactive process; in other words, that what it means to be literate can be contested and recreated as people exploit written texts to make meanings that have local relevance instead, literacy is seen as the agent for change and people and positioned as passive recipients.
If literacy is posted as an external and predictable variable then the realization of literacy in any one society can be identified, compared and evaluated according to objective benchmarks.
Based on it one assumes that phonetic writing system represent the culmination of historical programs from pictography through logography and finally to alphabets with one sound-symbol correspondence.
'Predictable ways' in the text relates to: 

Correct Answer: B. Transformation
Solution:

The passage discusses how literacy introduced into a community can potentially transform it in 'predictable ways,' meaning that the transformation follows a certain expected or anticipated pattern.
It's about how the introduction of literacy leads to changes and transformations in society.

97. Literacy, as per the text, has potential to:

Correct Answer: B. Alter how people think
Solution:

The passage mentions, "the ability to read and write alters how people think," indicating that literacy can influence and change the way individuals think. The passage suggests that literacy, when understood as the mastering of linguistic rules, is not just a set of skills or a neutral tool.
Instead, it is described as a "social variable" that can exist independently of individuals, societies, or cultural traditions. It's something that people acquire or have brought to them.
When literacy is introduced into a community, it has the potential to bring about transformation, and this transformation is described as a one-way process from literacy onto society. The key point is that the ability to read and write, which is associated with literacy, can have a profound impact on the way people think. Literacy is seen as a powerful agent for change in shaping individuals' thought processes.
It influences how they perceive and interpret written texts, which can, in turn, affect their cognitive processes and mental frameworks.

98. What is true about alphabets as per the text?

Correct Answer: B. It has grown to one sound one symbol
Solution:

The passage mentions that alphabets represent the culmination of historical programs from pictography through logography, which implies that alphabets have evolved into systems where each symbol (letter) generally corresponds to one sound.
This is often referred to as a "one soundsymbol correspondence" system.

99. It is easy to identify, compare and evaluate literacy (As per the text)

Correct Answer: C. It is an external and predictable variable
Solution:

The passage mentions that if literacy is treated as an external and predictable variable, it can be identified, compared, and evaluated according to objective benchmarks.
This implies that treating literacy as an external and predictable variable makes it easier to assess and measure in a systematic and objective manner.

100. As per the text what best can be inferred from the text:

Correct Answer: D. Literacy as a process has put people at the level below the level of partners
Solution:

The passage discusses how literacy, when understood as the mastering of linguistic rules, can be treated as a social variable. It mentions that literacy is often seen as an agent for change, with people positioned as passive recipients.
This suggests that the process of literacy can sometimes be viewed in a way that puts people in a passive or subordinate position in relation to the change it brings about.
"Literacy as a process has put people at the level below the level of partners," aligns with this idea that literacy is seen as a one-way transformation onto society, potentially implying a lack of active participation or partnership in the process of change.