UGC-NET (NTA) Human Rights and Duties, JUNE-2025

Total Questions: 100

81. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Case Laws)	List-II (Key Issues)
A. People's Union for Civil Liberties vs. Union of India	I. Sexual Harassment at workplaces
B. Abdul Rehman Antulay vs. R.S. Nai	II. Personal Liberty
C. Vishakha vs. State of Rajasthan	III. Right to Privacy
D. Kharak Singh vs. State of U.P.	IV. Speedy Trial

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
2. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
3. А-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
4. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II

Correct Answer: 3. А-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

Solution:

А. Рeople's Union for Civil Liberties vs. Union of India → III. Right to Privacy: In PUCL (1996), the Supreme Court held that unauthorized telephone tapping violates the Right to Privacy under Article 21, and it laid down strict procedural safeguards for interception under Section 5(2) of the Telegraph Act.
B. Abdul Rehman Antulay vs. R.S. Naik → IV. Speedy Trial: This landmark case (1988/1992) established that the Right to Speedy Trial is a fundamental component of Article 21, and delays in prosecution violate personal liberty.
C. Vishakha vs. State of Rajasthan → I. Sexual Harassment at workplaces: The Supreme Court (1997) framed the Vishakha Guidelines to prevent sexual harassment, holding that such conduct violates Articles 14, 15, 19(1)(g), and 21.
D. Kharak Singh vs. State of U.P. → II. Personal Liberty: In this 1962 judgment, the Court held that night domiciliary visits constituted a violation of personal liberty under Article 21, clarifying limits on police surveillance.

82. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Thinkers)	List-II (Book)
A. J.S. Mill	I. Theory of Justice
B. John Rawls	II. Anarchy, State and Utopia
C. Robert Nozick	III. Rights of Man
D. Thomas Paine	IV. On Liberty

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
2. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
3. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
4. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

Correct Answer: 2. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

Solution:

A. J.S. Mill → IV. On Liberty:
Mill’s 1859 classic advocates individual freedom and limits of state authority.
B. John Rawls → I. A Theory of Justice:
Rawls (1971) proposed Justice as Fairness, the veil of ignorance, and two principles of justice.
C. Robert Nozick → II. Anarchy, State and Utopia:
Nozick (1974) argued for a minimal state and strong individual rights.
D. Thomas Paine → III. Rights of Man:
Paine defended natural rights, popular sovereignty, and equality in this 1791 work

83. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Human Rights Council Group)	List-II (Number of Members)
A. African	I. 7
B. Eastern European	II. 8
C. Latin American and Caribbean	III. 6
D. Western European and others	IV. 13

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Correct Answer: 3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Solution:

A. African Group → IV. 13 members:
Largest regional representation in the Human Rights Council.
B. Eastern European Group → III. 6 members:
Smallest group representation.
C. Latin American & Caribbean Group → II. 8 members:
Medium-sized representation.
D. Western European & Others Group → I. 7 members:
Includes Western Europe, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, etc.

84. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Thinkers)	List-II (Ideas)
A. John Austin	I. Natural rights
B. John Locke	II. Historical theory of rights
C. Edmund Burke	III. Legal theory of rights
D. Immanuel Kant	IV. Moral theory of rights

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
2. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
3. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
4. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

Correct Answer: 2. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

Solution:

A. John Austin → III. Legal theory of rights:
Austin’s command theory places rights as creations of sovereign law.
B. John Locke → I. Natural rights:
Locke argues rights to life, liberty and property are inherent and inalienable.
C. Edmund Burke → II. Historical theory of rights:
Burke argued rights evolve through tradition, custom and inherited institutions.
D. Immanuel Kant → IV. Moral theory of rights:
Kant grounds rights in human dignity, autonomy and moral reason.

85. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Indian Act)	List-II (Enactment Year)
A. Minimum Wages Act	I. 1948
B. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act	II. 1986
C. Right of children to free and compulsory education Act	III. 2009
D. National Food Security Act	IV. 2013

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Correct Answer: 1. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

A. Minimum Wages Act → I. 1948:
One of India’s earliest labour welfare laws ensuring minimum wage protection.
B. Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act → II. 1986:
Prohibits hazardous child labour and regulates other forms.
C. Right of Children to Free & Compulsory Education Act → IV. 2013:
The 2009 RTE Act came into full operational effect and amendments in 2012–2013.
D. National Food Security Act → III. 2013:
Ensures subsidised food grains under the Public Distribution System (PDS)

86. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Sustainable Development Goals)	List-II (Indian Government Scheme)
A. No poverty	I. Sukanya Samridhi Yojana
B. Gender Equality	II. Mid-day meal scheme
C. Sanitation	III. Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana
D. Quality Education	IV. Swachh Bharat Mission

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
3. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
4. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Correct Answer: 4. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Solution:

A. No Poverty → III. Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana:
This scheme focuses on poverty alleviation, skill development, and livelihood promotion, fully aligning with SDG-1 (No Poverty).
B. Gender Equality → I. Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana:
A savings scheme aimed at the girl child, promoting gender equity and financial empowerment.
C. Sanitation → IV. Swachh Bharat Mission:
India’s flagship programme for sanitation, open defecation-free India, waste management—directly linked to SDG-6
D. Quality Education → II. Mid-Day Meal Scheme:
Improves school attendance, nutrition, and learning outcomes, central to SDG-4.
Thus, the correct arrangement is A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

87. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Author)	List-II (Book)
A. John Ruskin	I. War and Peace
B. Henry David Thoreau	II. The story of my experiment with truth
C. Leo Tolstoy	III. Civil Disobedience
D. Mahatma Gandhi	IV. Unto This Last

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
4. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Correct Answer: 2. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Solution:

A. John Ruskin → IV. Unto This Last:
Ruskin’s 1860 work inspired Gandhi’s ideas on social justice and economic equality.
B. Henry David Thoreau → III. Civil Disobedience:
Thoreau’s 1849 essay argued for non-violent resistance to unjust laws, influencing Gandhi and MLK.
C. Leo Tolstoy → I. War and Peace:
Tolstoy’s epic novel set in Napoleonic Russia.
D. Mahatma Gandhi → II. The Story of My Experiments with Truth:
Gandhi’s 1927–29 autobiography documenting his moral and political evolution.
Correct matching: A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II.

88. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Sustainable Development Goals)	List-II (Issue)
A. Goal 1	I. No Poverty
B. Goal 2	II. Zero Hunger
C. Goal 10	III. Climate Action
D. Goal 13	IV. Reduce Inequalities

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
2. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
4. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

Correct Answer: 1. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

A. Goal 1 → I. No Poverty:
SDG-1 aims to eradicate extreme poverty globally.
B. Goal 2 → II. Zero Hunger:
Ensures food security, improved nutrition, and sustainable agriculture.
C. Goal 10 → IV. Reduce Inequalities:
Focuses on reducing income and opportunity inequalities within and among countries.
D. Goal 13 → III. Climate Action:
Addresses climate change mitigation, adaptation, and resilience.
Thus, correct option is A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III.

89. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Human Rights Instruments)	List-II (Years of adoption)
A. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights	I. 1930
B. Convention concerning forced labour	II. 1948
C. The Convention on the Rights of the child	III. 1966
D. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights	IV. 1989

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
3. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
4. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Correct Answer: 2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

A. Universal Declaration of Human Rights → II. 1948: Adopted on 10 December 1948, foundational human rights document.
B. Convention concerning Forced Labour → I. 1930: ILO Convention No. 29 on Forced Labour was adopted in 1930.
C. Convention on the Rights of the Child → IV. 1989: Adopted in 1989, the most widely ratified human rights treaty. D. International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights→ II. 1966: Adopted in 1966, in force from 1976. Correct matching is A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-IIІ.

90. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I	List-II
A. Tebhagha Movement	I. Kerala
B. Bardoli Satyagraha	II. Karnataka
C. Appiko Movement	III. Gujarat
D. Guruvayur Temple Entry Satyagraha	IV. Bengal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
2. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
4. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Correct Answer: 3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Solution:

A. Tebhagha Movement → IV. Bengal: A peasant movement (1946) demanding twothird share for sharecroppers in Bengal.
B. Bardoli Satyagraha → III. Gujarat: Led by Sardar Patel (1928) against unjust land revenue hikes in Gujarat.
C. Appiko Movement → II. Karnataka: A forest conservation movement (1983) in the Western Ghats, inspired by Chipko.
D. Guruvayur Temple Entry Satyagraha → I. Kerala: Led by K. Kelappan and others (1931-32) demanding temple entry rights for oppressed castes.
Thus correct mapping is A-IV, B-IIШ, С-II, D-I.