UGC-NET (NTA) Linguistics, February-2023

Total Questions: 100

31. In the sentence "India is a multilingual country", the relationship between "India" and "is a multilingual country" can be described as:

Correct Answer: A. Syntagmatic relation
Solution:

Syntagmatic relation is the correct choice. Syntagmatic relations refer to the relationships of words in a sentence or discourse, based on their linear arrangement or sequence. They are about the combination of words in syntactic strings. In the sentence "India is a multilingual country", the word "India" is in a syntagmatic relation with "is a multilingual country", as they form a grammatical structure together and contribute to the overall meaning of the sentence.

32. Which amongst the following statements is NOT true about the features of universal grammar?

Correct Answer: D. Universals can also be considered as typological generalizations
Solution:

Universal Grammar, a theory in linguistics, postulates that a certain set of structural rules are innate to humans and guide the process of language acquisition in children. Option D, "Universals can also be considered as typological generalizations," is incorrect because Universal Grammar refers to the innate linguistic knowledge that allows a person to learn a language. It is not merely a generalization of typological features of languages, but rather, an inherent property of human cognition.

33. In language acquisition process, the stage wherein children produce utterances with omitted grammatical morphemes and/or function words is ______ stage.

Correct Answer: D. Telegraphic
Solution:

Telegraphic stage: This stage in language acquisition typically happens when children are between 18 and 24 months old. In this phase, children start using two-word sentences and their speech often omits non-essential elements, such as auxiliary verbs, articles, and
other function words. Their sentences, therefore, resemble telegrams, hence the name
'telegraphic stage'.

34. The language disorder usually resulting from damage to Broca's region in which the patient has difficulty with certain aspects of syntax, especially functional categories, is_______.

Correct Answer: B. Agrammatism
Solution:

Agrammatism: It is a type of aphasia, a language disorder that affects a person's ability to communicate. Agrammatism is often due to damage to the Broca's area of the brain, which plays a crucial role in language production. It results in difficulty using or comprehending grammatical structures, especially in relation to function words and
inflectional morphemes.

35. The speech disorder in which sound, syllable or words are repeated or prolonged disrupting normal flow of speech is______.

Correct Answer: C. Stuttering
Solution:

Stuttering: This is a communication disorder that involves disruptions, or "disfluencies," in a person's speech. The person might repeat or prolong sounds, syllables, or words, which disrupts the natural flow of speech. It can affect anyone, but is most common in children between the ages of 2 and 6.

36. A patient with brain damage displays fluent speech with good intonation and largely adheres to rules of syntax but the language is semantically incomprehensible. The patient suffers from_______?

Correct Answer: B. Wernicke's Aphasia
Solution:

Wernicke's Aphasia: This is a type of fluent aphasia where individuals can speak with normal grammar, syntax, rate, intonation, and stress, but they often use meaningless or invented words, or real words in a way that makes no sense. This disorder is named after
Carl Wernicke, a German neurologist who discovered that this type of language dysfunction was due to damage in a particular area of the brain, now known as Wernicke's area.

37. The art and craft of compiling a dictionary for a language is called:

Correct Answer: C. Lexicography
Solution:

Lexicography: This is the process of compiling, writing and editing a dictionary. A lexicographer is a person who writes, compiles and edits dictionaries. This process involves several steps, including choosing words to include, deciding how much information about each word to provide, gathering and organizing the information, and writing definitions.

38. Rendering information from one language text to another language text without loss or addition of meaning is known as:

Correct Answer: B. Translation
Solution:

Translation: This process involves rendering information from one language to another without loss or addition of meaning. Translators must ensure that they accurately capture not only the literal meaning of the text but also its tone, nuance, and subtleties to provide an accurate and comprehensive translation.

39. In the phrase "very bright sunflowers" which word or group of words can be marked as the head?

Correct Answer: C. sunflowers
Solution:

In phrases, the head word is the main word that determines the overall category or meaning of the phrase. In the phrase "very bright sunflowers", "sunflowers" is the head because it is the main noun and it is what the other words ("very bright") are describing.

40. In Sanskrit grammatical tradition, the technical terms used for POS categories are:

Correct Answer: B. nama, akhyata, upasarga, nipata
Solution:

Nama, kriya, visesana, nipata: These are Sanskrit terms used for different parts of
speech categories. 'Nama' stands for noun, 'kriya' stands for verb, 'visesana' stands for
adjective, and 'nipata' stands for indeclinables (particles). This categorization helps in understanding and studying the Sanskrit language structure.