UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, December-2019 ENGLISH (SOLVED PAPER-II)

Spoken discourse is the ongoing, situated interpretation of a speakers communicative intentions, of which the addressee's expected and actual reactions are an integral part.
The context of spoken discourse the distinction between Text and Discourse. Text -The connected sequence of verbal signs and non verbal signals in terms of which discourse is coconstructed by the participants in the act of communication.
Discourse-The hierarchically structed situated sequence of indexical, prepositional, utterance and illocutionary acts carried out in pursuance of some communicative goal, as integrated within a given context.
The following stylistic features (a) Greater dependence on non-verbal connectives (b) Greater use of fillers and repetations are characterize of spoken discourse.

Cassius Longinus was a rhetorician and philosophical critic. He composed a great number of works, on the 'Sublime' was written by him. He has given the five condition of the Sublime. Among them - A lofty cast of mind is the most important condition.

Robert Browning was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of the dramatic monologue made him one of the foremost Victorian poets. 'Asolando' is famous work of Robert Browning, which means - To disport in the open air, to amuse oneself at random.

The chronological order of the appearence of the periodicals is following:
The Tatler (1709) : The Tatler was a British literary and society journal begun by Richard Steele in 1709.
The Spectator (1711-1712): The Spectator was a daily publication founded by Joseph Addison and Richard Steele in England lasting from (1711-1712).
The Examiner (1808): The Examiner was a weekly paper founded by Leigh Hunt and John Hunt in - 1808.
The Reflector (1884): The Reflector is the student newspaper of Mississippi State University, founded in -1884.

'Freytag's Pyramid' is one of the oldest dramatic structure, developed by Gustav Freytag. It is the analysis of the plot of a drama.
Freytag derives his five part model from the conflict of man against man, the hero and his adversary.

The 'Anatomy of Melancholy' was produce by the English clergyman 'Robert Burton'. The work is divided into three sections. The first consider the nature symptoms and diverse causes of melancholy. The second section discusses cures such as exercise and diet, purging blood letting and potions. The third focuses on two particular types: Love melancholy and Religious melancholy.

'Pendennis' and 'Barchester Towers' novels belongs to the Victorian Age in English literature. The History of Pendennis : His fortunes and Misfortune, His friends and His greatest Enemy is a novel by the English author 'William Makepeace Thackeray'. 'Barchesters Towers' is the second novel in series known as the "Chronicles of Barsetshire" published in 1857 written by Anthony Trollopе.

'Langue and Parole' are linguistic terms distinguished by 'Ferdinand de Saussure' in his "Course in General Linguistic". Langue is the system. A sign is a basic unit of language while Parole is the use of system to produce speech and also to produce writing.
Language involves the principle of language while Parole refers to the concrete instances of the use of language. So, Langue is the language system and Parole is the individual use.

Novels, 'July's People' and 'Cry, The Beloved Country' deal with the theme of apartheid. 'July People' is a 1981 novel by the South African writer 'Nadine Gardiner'. It is set in a near future version of South Africa, where Apartheid is ended through a civil war. 'Cry, The Beloved Country' is a novel by 'Allan Paton' published in 1948. This novel is a social protest against the structure of the society that would later give rise to aparthied.
Note-Apartheid is an Afrikaans word meaning "separateness" or "The state of being apart"; literary - "Apart hood".

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).