UGC NTA NET/JRF EXAM, December 2022 HISTORY (Shift-II)

Total Questions: 100

51. With references to the early life of Sher Shah, which of the following statements are correct?

(A) His grandfather was a petty horse trader who came from Afghanistan
(B) His father, Hasan, emerged as a leader of Afghan free booters
(C) Hasan was placed in charge of the pargana of Narnaul
(D) Farid joined the services of Taj Khan, the commander of Bengal
(E) he submitted a petition to Taj Khan to dismiss his father, Hasan from the service
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A, B and C only
Solution:

Statement A, B and C are correct with reference to early life of Shershah.
His grandfather Ibrahim Khan was a petty Horse trader who came from Afghanistan. He became landlord of Narnaul. Ibrahim Khan's son Hasan was leader of Afghan freebooters. Hasan Khan became in charge of pargana of Narnaul shershah suri was born in Baijwada (Hoshiyarpur). He served Bahar Khan Lohani as Guard. He saved life of Bahar Khan by killing a lion and adopted title of 'Sher Khan'. Bahar Khan appointed Shershah as regent of his son Jalal Khan.

52. Which of the following statements are correct :

(A) Skanda Gupta assumed the titles of Kramaditya and Vikramaditya.
(B) Somadeva's Katha-Sarit-Sagara mention the defeat of Mlechchhas.
(C) In the sixth century, Gupta suzerainty was challenged by the Hunas.
(D) Puru Gupta was succeeded by his son Kumara Gupta II.
(E) The Aphsad Inscription discloses the names of a number of Gupta Kings. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Correct Answer: (c) A, B, C and E only
Solution:

Gupta Empire was founded by Shrigupta, Skandagupta ruled between (455-467 A.D) and adopted title of Kramaditya. Somdeva's Katha-Sarit-Sagara mentions the defeat of Mlechchhas. In the sixth century Gupta suzerainty was challenged by the Hunas.
Tormana was first ruler of Hunas.
The Aphsad Inscription of Adityasen discloses the names of a number of Gupta kings as Krishnagupta, Harshgupta Jivitagupta etc.

53. Which of the following statements are correct :

(A) Jaina teacher Mahavira was a senior contemporary of the Buddha.
(B) The concept of Ahinsa (Absence of violence) was propounded by Mahavira.
(C) Vinaya Pitaka is a text teaching the philosophy of Buddhism.
(D) Mahavira was born in Bihar, near Pataliputra (Patna).
(E) Anekantavada is a major philosophical principle of Jainism.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, B, D and E only
Solution:

Mahavira was born in Kundagram near Vaishali in Bihar in 540 B.C. He was 24th Tirthankar of Jainism. Mahavira was senior contemporary of Buddha. Four Mahavratas were propounded by Parsvanath. Mahavira added 5th mahavrata Brihmacharya. Panch Mahavrata are Satya, Ahimsa Aparigraha, Asteya and Brahmacharya.
Anekantavada was philosophical principle of Jainism.
* Vinaya pitaka is first division of Tripitaka it governs monastic life and daily affairs of monks and nuns according to Buddha given rules.

54. Which one of the following statements are correct:

(A) Khotan was a very important center of Jainism.
(B) Yaudheyas are mentioned in Panini's Ashtadhyayi.
(C) Coins attributed to the Malava tribe have been discovered in large numbers at Nagar.
(D) The Malava coins bear legends.
(E) The Nagas were serpent-worshipping tribes of Ancient India.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) B, C, D and E only
Solution:

Statement B, C, D and E are correct. statement (A) is not correct because Khotan was important center of Buddhism not of Jainism. Buddhism was state religion of kingdom of Khotan. The dominant school of Buddhism was Mahasamghika school.
Yaudheyas are mentioned in Panini's Ashtadhyayi.
Yaudheya ruled region of Haryana, Punjab. Coins attributed to Malava tribes found from Nagar. The Malava coins bear name of legends. Nagas were serpent worshipping tribes of Ancient India 11 coin moulds made up of terracota found from Nagar (Malava coins).

55. Which of the following saints belonged to the Varakari Pantha?

(A) Jnaneshwar
(B) Namdeva
(C) Nimbark
(D) Madhava
(E) Tukaram
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A, B and E only
Solution:

Varkari saint worship god Vitthal regarded as a form of Vishnu. Varkari sect got prominence in Maharashtra. Jnaneswar, Namdeva, Tukaram, Eknath and Godge Maharaj were saint of Varkari sect.
* Nimbarka founded Sanakadi Sampradayas and propounded "Bhedabheda Theology of Dvaitadvaita."
* Madhavacharya propounded 'Dvaitavad'. He was also known as Anandtirtha.

56. Which of the following statements are correct?

(A) The General Editor of the English translation of Critical Edition of the Ramayana is R.P. Goldman.
(B) This project was completed under the supervision of Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute (B.O.R.I), Pune.
(C) The Ramayana was composed by Valmiki.
(D) Kamban wrote his Ramayana, Iramavataram in Tamil in 12th century.
(E) The Thai Ramayana is called Ramkien. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A, C, D and E only
Solution:

Ramayana was composed by Valmiki. Critical edition of Ramayana was published by oriental school of Baroda. Critical edition of Ramayana was translated in English's by R.P. Goldman. Kamban wrote Ramayana, as Iramavataram in Tamil in 12th century. Tulsidas wrote Ramayana by name Ramcharitmanas in Awadhi. Thai Ramayana is called Ramkien. It is one of Thailand's national epic."

57. Which of the following are correct:

(A) The Sakas are mentioned in the Prasastis of Gautamiputra Satakarni and Samudra Gupta.
(B) Sakasthana is probably mentioned in the Mahamayuri, in the Mathura Lion Capital Inscription and in the Chandravalli stone inscription of the Kadamba Mayurasarman.
(C) The Jaina work Kalakacharya-Kathanaka states that Saka Kings were called Sahi.
(D) The Harivammsa Puranas informs us that Sakas shaved one half of their heads.
(E) Princes bearing Saka names are mentioned in several inscriptions discovered from Vajji.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A, B, C and D only
Solution:

The Sakas are mentioned in the prashastis of Gautamiputra Satakarni and Samudragupta. Sakasthan is mentioned in Mahamayuri, in the Mathura lion capital inscription and in the Chandravali stone inscription of the Kadamba Mayurasarman, The Jaina work 'Kalakacharya- Kathanaka states that saka kings were called Sahi.' The Harivamsa Purana mentions that sakas shaved one half of their heads. Sakas were divided in 5 branches one in Afghanistan, second in Punjab, third in Mathura, fourth in western India Fifth in upper Deccan.

58. Which of these are correct :

(A) The first newspaper in India, the 'Bengal Gazette' was also known by the name 'Calcutta General Advertiser'.
(B) Bengal Gazette's criticism of the Government officials and attack on the Governor General led to seizure of its press.
(C) The Censorship of the Press Act was introduced in 1809 A.D.
(D) The Licensing Regulations of 1823 was introduced by John Adams, as Acting Governor-General.
(E) The Press Act (1835) repealed the obnoxious Ordinance of 1823.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, B, D and E only
Solution:

The first newspaper of India the Bengal Gazette (also known as Calcutta General Adventiers) was published in 1780 by James Augustus Hickey. Bengal Gazette's criticism of the government officials and attack on the governor general led to seizure of its press Licensing Regulations 1823 was introduced by John Adams as acting governor general. It made mandatory license to open a press. The press act 1835 repealed obnoxious ordinance of 1823.
* The censorship of press Act was intruded in 1799 by Lord Wellesley

59. Which of the following are correct:

(A) In the Svetasvatara Upanishad, Siva figure as the God superior to the Vedic pantheon.
(B) Siva is classed among minor gods, both in Āpastamba Grihya Sütra and Kauţilya's Arthasastra.
(C) A four-armed figure of the god Vishnu-Vasudeva, with chakra in the upper left hand, is found on the coins of the Panchala King Vishnumitra.
(D) In the Anguttara Nikaya reference is made of Ajivikas who shifted their center of activities to the Pundra country.
(E) Vinayaka, a synonym of Ganesa, occurs in the Atharvasiras Upanishad. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, B, C and E only
Solution:

Statement (D) is not correct that Anguttar Nikaya mentioned Ajivikas shifted their center of activity to the Pundra country.
Ashokavadan mentions that Ashoka issued an order to kill all the Ajivikas in Pundra country.
Anguttara Nikaya mentioned sixteen Mahajanapadas and life history of Buddha.
* Ajivika Sect was founded by Makhali Gosala in 5th century ВСЕ.

60. Which of these are correct:

(A) Forest Act of 1865 merely empowered the state to assert control over forest resources that it immediately required while still Acknowledging a need to respect the existing rights of forest users.
(B) The Forest Act of 1878 established the basic categories of 'Reserved' and 'Protected' forests.
(C) Under the Forest Act of 1878, reserve forests were made an exclusive state monopoly.
(D) The Forest Act of 1878, allowed people slash and burn shifting agriculture in Reserved forests.
(E) The Forests Act of 1878, allowed grazing in Reserve forests.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Correct Answer: (b) A, B and C only
Solution:

The Indian Forest Act was first enacted in 1865 which merely empowered the state to assert control over forest resources, The forest Act 1878 divided forest into three categories (i) Reserved forest (ii) protected forest (iii) village forest Reserved forest-best forests, villagers could not take anything from these forests over for their own use. The basic aim was to remove local rights in the reserved forest and keep them exclusively as government reserves.
Protected forests were those forests areas where it was not possible to reduce local use while village forests were to be assigned to fulfill subsistence need.