UGC NTA NET/JRF EXAM, December 2023 (HISTORY)

Total Questions: 100

21. Who is the author of Saundarananda Kavya?

Correct Answer: (b) Ashvagosha
Solution:

Asvaghoşa was a Sarvastivada thinker. He is called the Milton, Goethe, and Voltaire of India. Important works by Asvaghoşa include Vajrasuchi, Buddhacharita, Saundarananda, and Sariputra Prakarana. Saundarananda describes Nanda, Buddha's stepbrother, and his wife, Sundari. Asvaghoşa resided in the court of Kanişka and served as the VicePresident and Chief Guest at the Fourth Buddhist Council held during Kanişka's time.

22. Which writer has given first hand information about the administration of Shershah Suri?

Correct Answer: (d) Abbas Khan Sarwani
Solution:

Direct information regarding the administration of the Sur dynasty ruler Sher Shah Suri is provided by Abbas Khan Sarwani through his book 'Tarikh-i-Sher Shahi'. Abbas Khan Sarwani composed this book during the reign of the Mughal ruler Akbar. Regarding the law and order of Sher Shah's administration, Sarwani writes that "once, an old woman set out with a bundle of gold ornaments on her head, but no thief dared to approach her."

23. Which among the following statements are correct?

A. Jahangir conferred the title of Nadir-uz-Zaman (wonder of the age) to painter Abul Hasan.
B. Jahangir conferred the title of Nadir-uz-Asr to painter Aqa Raza
C. Ustad mansur was the one of the greatest painter during Jahangir's region who excelled in painting animals and birds.
D. Jesuit father Fernao Guerrdrio who visited imperial court mentions that Jahangir liked European art of painting
E. The border decorations of the pictures in Jahangir's album are rich with scenes depicting social themes.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) (A), (C), (D) and (E) only
Solution:

The Mughal Emperor Jahangir honored Abul Hasan with the title Nadir-ul-Zaman (Wonder of the Age) and Ustad Manşur with the title Nadir-ul-Aşr (Wonder of the Age/Time). Ustad Manşur was one of the greatest painters of Jahangir's reign, excelling in painting animals and birds (like a rare Siberian crane). Jesuit Father Fernao Guerreiro, who arrived at the imperial court, stated that Jahangir was fond of European painting. The decoration of the margins in Jahangir's albums is filled with scenes related to the expression of social ideas.

24. What do you understand by the term 'eqta'?

Correct Answer: (b) The land given in lieu of military and civil services
Solution:

The term Iqta refers to the granting of land in exchange for military and civil services. The Iqta system was initiated in India by Muhammad Ghori, while Iltutmish gave it a concrete (institutional) form. Provinces were called Iqta or Wilayat. The land given to officials as salary was called Iqta land. The recipient of this land was called the Iqtadar. The head of the Iqta was known by names such as Muqti, Wali, Nazim, Na'ib, or Iqtadar.

25. Given below are two statements one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Pali language, which was once limited to certain areas of east India, during Buddhist period became more popular.
Reason (R) : Because Buddha adopted Pali for his works saying- Pali Dharmanusasanam.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Solution:

The Pali language developed around the 5th century BC. Pali is considered the oldest language among the Indo-European languages. The Pali language, which was at one time limited to certain regions of Eastern India, became more prevalent during the Buddhist period. The reason for this is that Mahatma Buddha adopted Pali for his works. His basic motto was Pali Dhammanusasanam (Pali is the instruction of the Dharma). The collection of Buddha's teachings is in the Pali language, and the Buddhist scriptures, the Tripițaka, are written in the Pali language. Hence, both A and R are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.

26. Arrange the following in chronological order

A. First mention of spinning wheel in India
B. Paper found at Mansura Sindh
C. First mention of cylinder and piston syringe mentioned by monserrate.
D. First Indian reference of sand-clock
E. Zinc isolated by distillation process at zawer.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) B, E, A, D, C
Solution:

The correct chronological order according to the question is:
(i) Discovery of paper in Manşura, Sindh.
(ii) Separation of zinc by distillation in Zawar.
(iii) First mention of the noria/cyclical wheel in India.
(iv) First mention of the sand clock (Hourglass) in India.
(v) First mention of the Cylinder and Piston series by Monserrate.

27. In India, VARNASRAMA DHARMA denotes importance of.

A. Intellectual ability.
B. Power to protect the new kings of society.
C. Importance of trade and commerce.
D. Necessity of toilers and workers.
E. Encourages caste system.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A, B, C, D
Solution:

Varņasrama Dharma or Varna-Asrama Dharma is the Vedic system of life's goals, social division, and stages of life that encourages striving for the balance and harmony of all four goals and not neglecting one in favor of the others. The power to protect the functioning of society, the necessity of workers and laborers, intellectual ability, and the importance of trade and commerce are all represented by the Varņasrama Dharma in India.

28. Which of the following works is not composed by Aryabhatta?

Correct Answer: (c) Bramhasiddhanta
Solution:

Aryabhatța was the greatest mathematician and astrologer of the Gupta period. He was born in Kusumapura (Pațaliputra). Aryabhațța's works include Aryabhațiya, Aryaşțasatas, Dasagitika Sutra, and Tantra. However, Brahmasiddhanta (Brahmasphuța Siddhanta) was composed by Brahmagupta in the 7th century AD. Brahmagupta was a contemporary of Bhaskara I. Brahmagupta was the first mathematician who analyzed a cyclic quadrilateral with rational sides and provided a method to find its area and diagonals.

29. Arrange the following in the ascending correct chronological order of their occurence.

A. Muzaffarpur conspiracy case
B. Lahore conspiracy case
C. Kakori conspiracy case
D. Meerut conspiracy case
E. Kanpur conspiracy case
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Correct Answer: (b) A, E, C, D, B
Solution:

The correct chronological order of the events is as follows:
1. Muzaffarpur Conspiracy Case - 1908
2. Kanpur Conspiracy Case - 1924
3. Kakori Conspiracy Case - 1925
4. Meerut Conspiracy Case - 1929
5. Lahore Conspiracy Case - 1930

30. Arrange the following in chronological order.

A. The Portugese Viceroy of Goa sends Antonio Cabral as ambassador to Akbar's court.
B. Completion of Humayun's mausoleum at Delhi.
C. Death of Rani Durgavari.
D. Death of Raja Todarmal.
E. The battle of haldighati is faught between Maharana pratap and mughal army.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) C, B, E, A, D
Solution:

The correct chronological order of the events according to the question is as follows:
1. Death of Rani Durgavati - June 1564
2. Construction of Humayun's Tomb in Delhi - 1565 (Built by Haji Begum)
3. Battle of Haldighati between Maharana Pratap and the Mughal Army - June 18, 1576
4. Dom António, the Portuguese Viceroy of Goa, sending António Cabral as an ambassador to Akbar's court - 1576
5. Death of Raja Todar Mal - November 1589 (in Lahore)