UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Environmental Sciences, June-2020

Total Questions: 100

31. The Environmental Relief fund was created under:

Correct Answer: C. Public Liability Insurance Act
Solution:

The Environment Relief Fund (ERF) was established under the Public Liability Act, 1991 (PLIA), to provide immediate relief to victims of accidents involving hazardous substances.

Apart from contributions from hazardous industries that opt for insurance under the PLIA, the ERF consists of compensation awarded by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) for damage to the environment under Section 24 of the NGT Act, 2010.

32. Which one of the categories of development projects does NOT require an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report?

Correct Answer: B. Category 'B₂ projects
Solution:

The EIA Notification, 2006, mandates prior Environmental Clearance for new projects or activities including expansion or modernization of existing projects listed in its schedule. The 'A' category projects require environment clearance from the Centre and the 'B' category projects from the concerned State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority.

Based on recommendations of the committee that was constituted in January 2013 under the chairmanship of Director - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, with the objective of re-categorizing 'B' category projects and activities into categories 'B1' and 'B2' under the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006.

The projects categorized as B1 require EIA report for appraisal and also have to undergo public consultation process. The projects categorized as 'B2' are to be appraised based on the application accompanied with prefeasibility report and other relevant documents.

33. According to Solid Waste Management Rules 2016, a landfill site should be at a distance of how many meters away from a pond?

Correct Answer: A. 200 meters
Solution:

The landfill site shall be 100 meter away from river, 200 meter from a pond, 200 meter from Highways, Habitations, Public Parks and water supply wells and 20 km away from Airports or Airbase.

However in a special case, landfill site may be set up within a distance of 10 and 20 km away from the Airport/Airbase after obtaining no objection certificate from the civil aviation authority/Air force as the case may be.

The Landfill site shall not be permitted within the flood plains as recorded for the last 100 years, zone of coastal regulation, wetland, critical habitat areas, sensitive eco-fragile areas.

34. In an objective type examination, hundred questions are given. One mark is given for each correct answer while 0.2 marks are deducted for each incorrect answer. The number of marks scored by students appearing in the examination is an example of:

Correct Answer: C. Discrete variable
Solution:

Discrete random variables can take on either a finite or at most a countably infinite set of discrete values (for example, the integers).

Their probability distribution is given by a probability mass function which directly maps each value of the random variable to a probability. For example, the value of

X₁, takes on the probability P₁, the value of X₂, takes on the probability P₂, and so on. The probabilities P₁, must satisfy two requirements: every probability P₁ is a number between 0 and 1, and the sum of all the probabilities is 1. (P₁ + P₂ + ... + Pₖ = 1)

A discrete random variable has a countable number of possible values. Discrete random variable: obtained by counting values for which there are no in-between values, such as the integers 0, 1, 2, ...

Thus, The number of marks scored by students appearing in the examination is an example of discrete random variable.

35. If the mean of two groups of 'm' and 'n observations are 40 and 60 respectively, and the combined mean of two groups is 48, the ratio m:n is:

Correct Answer: B. 3 : 2
Solution:

Mean of m observation = 40
Mean of n observation = 60
Combined mean = 48

36. Which of the following is a correct statement regarding range as a measure of dispersion?

Correct Answer: B. The range is independent of the change of origin but not of the scale
Solution:

Dispersion is defined as deviation or scattering of values from their central values i.e, average (Mean, Median or Mode but preferably Mean or Median).

All measures of dispersions are independent of the change of origin but dependent on the change of scale.

37. If Σx = 230, Σx² = 6500 and the numbers of observations N = 10, the value of standard deviation is:

Correct Answer: C. 11
Solution:

38. Which of the following does NOT fall under the major goals of the National Mission for Green India?

Correct Answer: D. To study the traditional knowledge systems for community participation in adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Solution:

The National Mission for Green India (GIM) is one of the eight Missions outlined under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). It aims at protecting; restoring and enhancing India's diminishing forest cover and responding to climate change by a combination of adaptation and mitigation measures.
Mission Goals
1. To increase forest/tree cover to the extent of 5 million hectares (mha) and improve quality of forest/tree cover on another 5 mha of forest/non-forest lands;

2. To improve/enhance eco-system services like carbon sequestration and storage (in forests and other ecosystems), hydrological services and biodiversity; along with provisioning services like fuel, fodder, and timber and non-timber forest produces (NTFPs); and

3. To increase forest based livelihood income of about 3 million households.

39. Under the GRIHA Rating Norms, a building securing 57 points on a 100 point scale, will be assigned which of the following star ratings?

Correct Answer: B. Three star

40. The Brundtland Commission Report was entitled:

Correct Answer: B. Our Common Future
Solution:

Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report, was published on October 1987 by the United Nations through the Oxford University Press.

This publication was in recognition of Gro Harlem Brundtland's, former Norwegian Prime Minister, role as Chair of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED).

Its targets were multilateralism and interdependence of nations in the search for a sustainable development path.