UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Forensic Science, December-2023

Total Questions: 100

91. (Q.No. 91-95): Read the below passage and answer the following questions.

Person A was caught while trying to board the flight. He was carrying a suitcase in which was a plastic explosive packed in a tiffin box.

His another friend Person B successfully bombed a passenger train. The explosive material was purchased from same seller which was hidden inside a grave yard.

The residue and other materials were collected, packed and sealed in a metal containers for analysis and sent to FSL. A burned dead body was also found near explosion which was examined for further examination.

Foot print found near grave yard in moist soil can be lifted by using:

Correct Answer: C. Plaster of Paris
Solution:

Footprints found near a graveyard in moist soil can be lifted using plaster of Paris. Plaster of Paris is commonly used to make a cast of footprints or other impressions in soil. It provides a durable and detailed replica of the print, which can then be analyzed.

Photographic paper and transparent tape are not suitable for lifting footprints in moist soil. Charcoal powder is used for developing fingerprints, not for lifting footprints.

92. Which material should be collected from burned dead body for individual identification?

Correct Answer: B. Teeth
Solution:

Teeth should be collected from a burned dead body for individual identification. Teeth are highly durable and often remain intact even in extreme conditions such as fires.

They can provide valuable information for forensic identification through dental records, DNA analysis, and comparison with known dental profiles.

Burned shoes, damaged wristwatches, and burned clothes are less reliable for individual identification.

93. Fingerprint found on the plastic tiffin box can be developed by which method of fingerprint development?

Correct Answer: D. Cyno-Acrylate Method
Solution:

Fingerprints found on the plastic tiffin box can be developed using the cyanoacrylate (superglue) method. This method is effective for developing latent fingerprints on nonporous surfaces like plastic.

The fumes from the heated cyanoacrylate adhere to the fingerprint residues, creating a visible white print. Gentian violet is used for adhesive surfaces, amido black is for bloodcontaminated prints, and gun blue is used on metals.

94. The soil recovered from shoes of person A and B can be analyzed for trace elemental composition using which of these instruments:

Correct Answer: C. NAA
Solution:

The soil recovered from the shoes of persons A and B can be analyzed for trace elemental composition using Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA). NAA is a sensitive and precise technique for detecting trace elements in various samples, including soil.

HPTLC (High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography) and HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) are used for separating and identifying compounds, not elemental analysis. GC (Gas Chromatography) is used for analyzing volatile organic compounds.

95. The tiffin box containing plastic explosive recovered from person 'A' was scanned at entry gate of Airport by which of these instrument?

Correct Answer: C. Dual energy x-ray system (Normally 3 colour)
Solution:

The tiffin box containing plastic explosive recovered from person A was scanned at the entry gate of the airport by using a dual-energy x-ray system (normally 3-color).

This system is commonly used in airport security to detect and identify different materials based on their density and composition.

Stereoscopic microscopes and VSC 8000 are used for detailed visual examinations, while atomic absorption spectrometry is used for elemental analysis, not for scanning luggage.

96. (Q.No. 96-100): Read the below passage and answer the following questions.

'A' was sentenced to prison, and when being processed was accused of being 'B' on the basis of his physical appearance and anthropological measurements. 'B' was called from the prison, serving a life sentence for murder.

The appearance of two men was striking and their physical attributes were identical. Finger prints were in an attempt to determine identity and did not match.

It is speculated that they may have been the twins separated at birth and had never met until this fateful day.

What is the most widely used method of identification and individualization worldwide? 

Correct Answer: A. DNA
Solution:

DNA is the most widely used method of identification and individualization worldwide. DNA profiling provides a high level of accuracy and is used in various fields, including forensic science, to identify individuals based on their unique genetic makeup.

While fingerprints are also widely used, DNA provides a more definitive and scientific method of identification, especially in legal and investigative contexts. Iris and biometric systems are used but not as extensively as DNA and fingerprints.

97. The fingerprints of the two persons were not matching because:

Correct Answer: B. No two person have same fingerprints
Solution:

The fingerprints of the two persons were not matching because no two people have the same fingerprints. Fingerprints are unique to each individual, including identical twins, who may share genetic makeup but have different fingerprints.

This uniqueness is due to the random formation of friction ridges during fetal development, ensuring that even identical twins have distinct fingerprints.

98. Arrange the following levels of information incorporated into the comparison process of fingerprints:

(a) Evaluation
(b) Comparison
(c) Analysis
(d) Verification
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: B. (c), (b), (a), (d)
Solution:

The correct sequence of levels of information incorporated into the comparison of fingerprints is: (c) Analysis, (b) Comparison, (a) Evaluation, and (d) Verification.

Analysis involves examining the fingerprint details, comparison entails comparing the analyzed prints, evaluation is the assessment of the comparison results, and verification is the independent review by another examiner to confirm the findings.

99. Which of the following are shortcomings of anthropometrical system of identification:

(a) Establishment of full face/profile scale photography
(b) Limited to adult
(c) Significant differences in measurements
(d) Portrait Parle
(e) Measuring devices were laborious to use
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: B. (b), (c) and (d) only

100. Which of the following is not considered as a broad area of the criminal justice system?

Correct Answer: C. Research
Solution:

Research is not considered a broad area of the criminal justice system. The main areas of the criminal justice system include scientific analysis (forensic science), law enforcement (policing and investigation), and legal proceedings (courts and legal processes). Research supports these areas but is not a core component of the criminal justice system.