UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Forensic Science, December-2023

Total Questions: 100

71. Match List-I with List-II.

List-I	List-II
(Partition in Android)	(Characteristics)
(a) /boot	I. contains system and hardware setting information
(b) /system	II. contains ROM OS files other than those in /boot
(c) /recovery	III. has the files and information to boot after power on
(d) /misc	IV. helps the user to backup and restore other partitions

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

	(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)
A.	IV	I	II	III
B.	I	IV	III	II
C.	II	III	I	IV
D.	III	II	IV	I

Correct Answer: D.

Solution:

The partition/boot is correctly matched with "has the files and information to boot after power on." This partition contains the necessary files for the system to boot up.

The /system partition is matched with "contains ROM OS files other than those in /boot," storing essential system files and applications.

The /recovery partition helps the user to back up and restore other partitions, providing recovery options in case of system failure.

The /misc partition contains system and hardware setting information. These matches are based on the functions of each partition in an Android system.

72. Match List-I with List-II.

List-I	List-II
(Fingerprint Classification)	(Characteristics)
(a) Key	I. Pattern types located in the index fingers
(b) Major	II. Ridges count of the loop in either right or left little finger
(c) Secondary	III. The ridge count of the first loop pattern exclude the little fingers
(d) Final	IV. Value of ridge count or ridge tracing on the thumbs

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

	(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)
A.	I	II	III	IV
B.	II	I	IV	III
C.	III	IV	I	II
D.	IV	III	II	I

Correct Answer: С.

73. Match List-I with List-II.

List-I	List-II
(a) The factors related to the execution of handwriting	I. The questioned writing must be within the reach or writing scope of the person
(b) To establish the range of variation	II. In conspicuous details, distinguish the writings of two
(c) Writing variation	III. Constitute cornerstone of accurate handwriting identification
(d) The individualities	IV. Does not preclude identification of the writing

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

	(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)
A.	II	IV	I	III
B.	I	III	IV	II
C.	III	I	IV	II
D.	IV	II	III	I

Correct Answer: C.

Solution:

The factors related to the execution of handwriting "constitute the cornerstone of accurate handwriting identification," emphasizing the importance of understanding how handwriting is produced.

To establish the range of variation means the questioned writing must be within the "reach or writing scope of the person," ensuring that comparisons are made within the expected variability of an individual's handwriting.

Writing variation "does not preclude identification of the writing," acknowledging that natural variations exist. The individualities in writing help "distinguish the writings of two" individuals, making each person's handwriting unique.

74. Match List-I with List-II.

List-I	List-II
(Methods)	(Results/Observation)
(a) Ring Assay	I. If the two antigens are totally unrelated, the lines will cross each other but not fuse, known as non-identity
(b) Ouchterlony Assay	II. Rapid and can be used both in the laboratory and field tests
(c) Crossed-over Electrophoresis	III. If the bloodstain extract is not human, no precipitation appears
(d) Immunochromatographic Assay	IV. Combination of immunodiffusion electrophoresis

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

	(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)
A.	IV	I	II	III
B.	III	I	IV	II
C.	II	IV	I	III
D.	II	I	IV	III

Correct Answer: B.

Solution:

The ring assay, when the bloodstain extract is not human, "no precipitation appears," indicating the absence of a reaction. In the Ouchterlony assay, if the two antigens are totally unrelated, "the lines will cross each other but not fuse," known as non-identity.

Crossed-over electrophoresis combines immunodiffusion and electrophoresis techniques, providing a detailed analysis of proteins.

The immunochromatographic assay is "rapid and can be used both in the laboratory and field tests," offering quick results for various applications. These methods and results are essential for analyzing biological samples in forensic investigations.

75. Match List-I with List-II.

List-I	List-II
(Number)	(Number of pellets / 28.35 gm)
(a) LG	I. 50
(b) SG	II. 80
(c) A	III. 8
(d) B	IV. 6

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

	(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)
A.	IV	III	I	II
B.	IV	II	I	III
C.	II	I	III	IV
D.	I	IV	II	III

Correct Answer: A.

Solution:

The number of pellets per 28.35 grams (1 ounce) for different shotgun pellet sizes are as follows: LG has 6 pellets, SG has 8 pellets, A has 50 pellets, and B has 80 pellets.

These numbers are standardized for ammunition and are used to describe the size and distribution of pellets in a shotgun shell. LG and SG pellets are larger, resulting in fewer pellets per ounce, while A and B pellets are smaller, leading to more pellets per ounce.

This information is crucial for understanding the ballistic properties and impact of different types of shotgun ammunition.

76. Arrange the function of ionization chamber of the x-ray detectors in proper sequence:

(a) The sample is placed outside the window or inserted in a well extending into chamber volume

(b) The potential across the electrodes is adjustable to minimize recombination of the ion-pairs without causing amplification

(d) For each ionizing event, a pulse ion chamber produces an electronic pulse proportional to the number of electrons released by ionizing radiation as these electrons are collected at the anode

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. (c), (a), (d), (b)
B. (c), (b), (a), (d)
C. (a), (b), (c), (d)
D. (b), (d), (а), (c)

Correct Answer: B. (c), (b), (a), (d)

77. Arrange the following explosive in terms of their increasing performance:

(a) HMX
(b) RDX
(c) PETN
(d) TNT
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. (c), (b), (a), (d)
B. (a), (b), (c), (d)
C. (a), (d), (b), (c)
D. (b), (a), (d), (c)

Correct Answer: B. (a), (b), (c), (d)

Solution:

The correct sequence of explosives in terms of their increasing performance is:
(a) HMХ, (b) RDX, (c) PETN, (d) TNT. HMX (High Melting Explosive) has the highest performance, followed by RDX (Research Department Explosive), PETN (Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate), and TNT (Trinitrotoluene), which has the lowest performance among the listed explosives. This ranking is based on their explosive power and energy output.

78. Arrange the basic steps involved in a typical electrophotographic printing process in a correct sequence:

(a) A laser beam is focussed onto the imaging drum to paint text or image onto its surface This result in either discharging the image drum or reduces the charge on its surface

(b) An imaging drum or belt is charged by a charging roller

(c) The blank paper is given a strong enough electrostatic charge. Thus, transferring the image painted by the laser beam onto a sheet of paper

(d) Toner is electrostatically charged and rolled over the surface of the imaging drum

(e) Different methods of heat and pressure are used to fuse and permanently fix the image onto the paper

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. (a), (b), (d), (c), (e)
B. (a), (d), (c), (b), (e)
C. (b), (a), (d), (c), (e)
D. (c), (a), (b), (e), (d)

Correct Answer: C. (b), (a), (d), (c), (e)

Solution:

The basic steps involved in a typical electrophotographic printing process in correct sequence are:

An imaging drum or belt is charged by a charging roller.
A laser beam is focused onto the imaging drum to paint text or image onto its surface. This results in either discharging the image drum or reducing the charge on its surface.
Toner is electrostatically charged and rolled over the surface of the imaging drum.
The blank paper is given a strong enough electrostatic charge, thus transferring the image painted by the laser beam onto a sheet of paper, and
Different methods of heat and pressure are used to fuse and permanently fix the image onto the paper.

Hence, the correct sequence is (b), (a),
(d), (c), (e).

79. The human organs putrefy at different rates depending on their structure, vascularity and access of air and bacteria. Arrange the sequence of putrefaction of internal organs in reverse action.

(a) Skin, muscle, tendon
(b) Larynx and trachea
(c) Brain
(d) Heart
(e) Liver and Lung
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. (a), (b), (c), (d), (e)
В. (e), (c), (b), (d), (a)
C. (a), (d), (c), (e), (b)
D. (a), (d), (b), (e), (c)

Correct Answer: C. (a), (d), (c), (e), (b)

Solution:

The sequence of putrefaction of internal organs in reverse order is:

Skin, muscle, tendon
Heart
Brain
Liver and Lung, and
Larynx and trachea.

This sequence reflects the different rates at which various tissues decompose, with skin, muscles, and tendons decomposing last and the larynx and trachea decomposing first.
Hence, the correct sequence is (a), (d), (c), (e), (b).

80. Teeth in humans develop in the following sequence:

(a) Apposition and calcification of enamel and dentin take place within germ
(b) Crown is completely formed
(c) The teeth calcify from crown to neck to roots
(d) Formation of cellular tooth germ within the alveolar bone
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. (a), (b), (c), (d)
B. (d), (a), (b), (c)
C. (d), (b), (a), (c)
D. (c), (d), (a), (b)

Correct Answer: B. (d), (a), (b), (c)

Solution:

The sequence of teeth development in humans is:

Formation of cellular tooth germ within the alveolar bone.
Apposition and calcification of enamel and dentin take place within germ.
Crown is completely formed, and
The teeth calcify from crown to neck to roots.

This sequence outlines the developmental stages of teeth, starting from the formation of the tooth germ to the calcification and growth of the tooth structure.
Hence, the correct sequence is (d), (a), (b), (c)