UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, INDIAN CULTURE, JUNE-2025

Total Questions: 100

71. Which out of the following are correct.

A. Swami Dayanand Saraswati was born in old Morvi state in Gujarat.
B. Satyagrah Prakash was written in Hindi.
C. D.A.V. Collage was founded in 1898.
D. There was a serious split in Arya Samaj in 1896.
E. Swami Dayanand Saraswati wrote Veda-Bhashya.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B, C, D and E
2. A, B, C and E only
3. А, В and E only
4. A, B, C and D only

Correct Answer: 3. А, В and E only

Solution:

A. Swami Dayanand Saraswati was born in old Morvi state in Gujarat- Correct. He was born in Tankara, Morvi state, Kathiawar, Gujarat (1824).
B. Satyarth Prakash was written in Hindi - Correct. Composed in 1875 and revised in 1882, written in Hindi.
C. D.A.V. College was founded in 1898 - Incorrect. The DAV School (1886) at Lahore marked the beginning; the first DAV College also dates to 1886, not 1898.
D. Serious split in Arya Samaj in 1896 - Incorrect. The main split into College Party and Gurukul Party happened in 1893, not 1896.
E. Dayanand Saraswati wrote Veda-Bhashya - Correct. He authored the Rigvedadi Bhashya Bhumika and commentaries on parts of the Rigveda and Yajurveda.
Correct statements: A, B and E only.

72. Which out of the following are associated with Mirza Ghalib?

A. Ud-i-Hindi
B. Urdu-i-Mualla
C. Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan
D. Banga-i-Dara
E. Iblis ki Majlis-e-Shewa
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. А, В and D only
2. A, B, C and D only
3. A, B, C, D and E
4. А, В and C only

Correct Answer: 4. А, В and C only

Solution:

Let's check which works and names are truly associated with Mirza Ghalib:
A. Ud-i-Hindi - Correct. A Persian work by Ghalib.
B. Urdu-i-Mualla - Correct. A famous collection of his letters in Urdu, showing his prose style.
C. Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan - Correct. This was Ghalib's real name.
D. Bang-i-Dara - Incorrect. This is a poetry collection by Allama Iqbal, not Ghalib.
E. Iblis ki Majlis-e-Shewa - Incorrect. Also by Allama Iqbal, not Ghalib.
Correct associations: A, B and C only.

73. Which of the following are correct?

A. The foundation of the Singh Sabha movement was laid in Amritsar.
B. Syed Ahmad Khan honoured by the title of 'Knight'.
C. Madame H.P. Blavatsky founded the Theosophical movement.
D. The South Indian Liberal Federation was established in 1946.
E. The Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha was founded by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. А, В and C only
2. A, B, C and E only
3. A, B, C, D and E
4. В, C, D and E only

Correct Answer: 2. A, B, C and E only

Solution:

A. The foundation of the Singh Sabha movement was laid in Amritsar - Correct. First Singh Sabha founded in Amritsar in 1873.
B. Syed Ahmad Khan honoured by the title of 'Knight' - Correct. He was knighted in 1888 and became Sir Syed Ahmad Khan.
C. Madame H.P. Blavatsky founded the Theosophical movement - Correct. Founded in New York, 1875 by Blavatsky and Col. Olcott.
D. The South Indian Liberal Federation was established in 1946 - Incorrect. It was founded in 1916, better known as the Justice Party.
E. The Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha was founded by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar - Correct. Founded in 1924 to work for the rights of the depressed classes. Correct statements: A, B, C and E only.

74. Which out of the following are Mughal Gardens?

A. Shalimar
B. Ram
C. Nasim
D. Sahibabad
E. Qudsiya Bagh
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B, C and D only
2. A, B, C, D and E
3. A, B and C only
4. A, B, C and E only

Correct Answer: 2. A, B, C, D and E

Solution:

All the gardens listed are indeed Mughal gardens:
• Shalimar Bagh - Built by Jahangir in Srinagar (1619) and later by Shah Jahan in Delhi.
• Ram Bagh (Aram Bagh) - The oldest Mughal garden in India, built by Babur at Agra in 1528.
• Nasim Bagh - Established by Akbar in Srinagar in 1586, famous for its chinar trees.
• Sahibabad Garden - Laid out by Jahanara Begum, daughter of Shah Jahan, in Shahjahanabad.
• Qudsiya Bagh - Constructed in 1748 in Delhi by Qudsia Begum, mother of Ahmad Shah Bahadur.
Hence, all are Mughal gardens.

75. Dharmasutras refer to the following as the sources of law (dharmamula).

A. the itihasa
B. the purana
C. the veda
D. the smriti
E. the sadacara/sistacara
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B and C only
2. A, C and E only
3. B, C and D only
4. C, D and E only

Correct Answer: 4. C, D and E only

Solution:

The Dharmasutras (like those of Apastamba, Gautama, Baudhayana, and Vasistha) specify the following as the sources of dharma (dharmamula):
C. The Veda - Considered the supreme authority and primary source of dharmа.
D. The Smriti - Texts that record traditions and interpretations of dharma, such as the Dharmashastras.
E. Sadacara / Sishiacara - The practices and customs of learned and virtuous people, regarded as a valid source of dharma.
The Itihasa (A) and Purana (B) are not generally listed as primary dharmamula in the Dharmasutras; they become more prominent as sources in the later Dharmashastra tradition (e.g., Manusmriti, Yajnavalkya Smriti).

76. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Language group)	LIST-II (Language)
A. Austro-Asiatic	I. Sindhi
B. Dravidian	II. Khasi
C. Old Indo-Aryan	III. Tamil
D. Modern Indo-Aryan	IV. Vedic Sanskrit

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
2. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
3. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
4. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

Solution:

Language groups in List-I with their respective languages in List-II:
A. Austro-Asiatic → II. Khasi: Khasi belongs to the Austro-Asiatic (Mon-Khmer) family, spoken in Meghalaya.
B. Dravidian → III. Tamil: Tamil is the oldest living Dravidian language.
C. Old Indo-Aryan → IV. Vedic Sanskrit: Vedic Sanskrit is the earliest Indo-Aryan language (Rigvedic period).
D. Modern Indo-Aryan → I. Sindhi: Sindhi is part of the modern Indo-Aryan family.
Thus, the correct matching is: A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I.

77. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (School)	LIST-II (Figure)
A. Madhyamika School	I. Upali
B. The Vinaya School	II. Mahadeva
C. The Caityavada School	III. Maitreya
D. The Yogacara School	IV. Nagarjuna

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
2. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
3. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
4. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

Correct Answer: 1. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

Solution:

Buddhist schools (List-I) with their associated figures (List-II):
A. Madhyamika School →IV. Nagarjunа: Nagarjuna was the founder of the Madhyamika (Middle Path) school of Mahayana Buddhism.
B. The Vinaya School → I. Upali: Upali, a disciple of the Buddha, was the authority on the Vinaya Pitaka (monastic code).
C. The Caityavada School → II. Mahadeva: Mahadeva is associated with the Caityavada sect.
D. The Yogacara School → III. Maitreya: The Yogacara (or Vijnanavada) school is linked with Maitreya and his disciple Asanga.
Thus, the correct matching is:
A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III.

78. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I	LIST-II
A. Khuddak-Nikaya	I. Samyutta-Nikaya
B. Sutta-Pitaka	II. Mahavagga
C. Khandhaka	III. Yamaka
D. Abhidhamma-Pitak	IV. Patisambhida

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
2. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
3. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
4. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

Correct Answer: 3. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

Solution:

Buddhist texts (List-I) with their correct counterparts (List-II):
A. Khuddaka-Nikaya → IV. Patisambhida: The Khuddaka Nikaya (part of the Sutta Pitaka) includes works like Patisambhidamagga.
B. Sutta-Pitaka → I. Samyutta-Nikaya: The Sutta Pitaka is divided into five Nikayas, one of which is the Samyutta Nikaya.
C. Khandhaka → II. Mahavagga: The Khandhaka is part of the Vinaya Pitaka, consisting of the Mahavagga and Cullavagga.
D. Abhidhamma-Pitaka → III. Yamaka: The Yamaka is one of the seven canonical books of the Abhidhamma Pitaka.
Thus, the correct matching is:
A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III.

79. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I (Books)	LIST-II (Author)
A. Bhartiya Parampara ke Mula Svara	I. Robert Lingat
B. The Classical Law of India	II. G.C. Pande
C. History of Dharmasastra	III. D.P. Chattopadhyaya
D. The Ways of Understanding the Past	IV. P.V. Kane

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-III. C-II, D-I
2. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
4. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

The books with their authors:
A. Bhartiya Parampara ke Mula Svara → II. G.C. Pande: This work was authored by historian Govind Chandra Pande, who specialized in Indian tradition and thought.
B. The Classical Law of India → I. Robert Lingat: The French Indologist Robert Lingat wrote The Classical Law of India, a wellknown text on Indian legal traditions.
C. History of Dharmasastra → IV. P.V. Kane: This monumental multi-volume work was authored by Pandurang Vaman Kane, often referred to simply as P.V. Kane.
D. The Ways of Understanding the Past → III. D.P. Chattopadhyaya: The noted philosopher-historian Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya authored this.
Thus, the correct matching is:
A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III.

80. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I	LIST-II
A. Pushyamitra	I. Last Shunga ruler
B. Devabhuti	II. Killed Brihadratha
C. Dhana	III. Dislodged by the Shakas
D. Mitras	IV. Ayodhya stone inscriptions

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
3. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
4. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Correct Answer: 2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

А. Рushyamitra → II. Killed Brihadratha: Pushyamitra Shunga, commander-in-chief of the Mauryas, killed the last Maurya ruler Brihadratha in 185 BCE and founded the Shunga dynasty.
B. Devabhuti → I. Last Shunga ruler: Devabhuti was indeed the last ruler of the Shunga dynasty. He was assassinated by his minister Vasudeva Kanva, who started the Kanva dynasty.
C. Dhana→ IV. Ayodhya stone inscriptions: Dhana (or Dhanadeva), a ruler of Kosala, is mentioned in the Ayodhya inscription, which also records Pushyamitra Shunga's performance of the Ashvamedha sacrifice.
D. Mitras → III. Dislodged by the Shakas: The Mitra rulers (Kosala/Kausambi region) were eventually dislodged with the rise of the Shakas (Western Satraps), and later the Kushanas.
Thus, the correct sequence is:
A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III.