UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, INDIAN CULTURE, JUNE-2025

Total Questions: 100

81. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Sites)	LIST-II (Architectural Features)
A. Udayagiri Caves	I. Parvati Temple
B. Nachna kuthar	II. Harihara sculpture
C. Deogarh	III. Rock-cut Chaitya and Vihar
D. Ajanta	IV. Dashavatar Vishnu Temple

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
2. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
3. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
4. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Correct Answer: 1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

Let us carefully match the sites with their correct architectural features:
A. Udayagiri Caves → II. Harihara sculpture: The Udayagiri caves (Madhya Pradesh) are Gupta period rock-cut caves, famous for their sculptures, particularly of Harihara (a composite form of Vishnu and Shiva), and the iconic Varaha (boar) incarnation of Vishnu.
B. Nachna Kuthar→ I. Parvati Temple: Nachna Kuthar (Madhya Pradesh) has Guptaera temples, including the Parvati Temple, which is one of the earliest structural temples.
C. Deogarh → IV. Dashavatar Vishnu Temple: The Dashavatara Temple at Deogarh (5th-6th century CE) is one of the earliest Hindu temples dedicated to Vishnu, with reliefs depicting various avatars.
D. Ajanta → III. Rock-cut Chaitya and Vihar: The Ajanta Caves (Maharashtra) are world-famous for their rock-cut Chaityas (prayer halls) and Viharas (monasteries), along with exquisite murals.
Thus, the correct matching is:
A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III.

82. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Author)	LIST-II (Books)
A. Kalidasa	I. Vasavadatta
B. Magha	II. Kiratarjuniya
C. Bharavi	III. Raghuvansha
D. Silbandhu	IV. Sisupala vadha

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
3. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
4. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Correct Answer: 4. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Solution:

The authors with their works correctly:
A. Kalidasa → III. Raghuvansha: Kalidasa, the great Sanskrit poet, authored Raghuvansha, along with other classics like Kumarasambhava and Abhijnanashakuntalam.
B. Magha → IV. Sisupala Vadha: Magha composed the epic Sisupala Vadha, which elaborates on Krishna's killing of Shishupala.
C. Bharavi → II. Kiratarjuniya: Bharavi is credited with Kiratarjuniya, based on the Mahabharata episode of Arjuna's combat with Shiva in the guise of a kirata (hunter).
D. Silbandhu → I. Vasavadatta: Subandhu (often written Silbandhu) authored Vasavadatta, а romantic prose romance.
Thus, the correct matching is:
A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

83. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I	LIST-II
A. Nayanars	I. eco-zones
B. Akam	II. love theme
C. Appar	III. 63
D. Tinais	IV. one of the Tevaram trio

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
2. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
3. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
4. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

Correct Answer: 4. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

Solution:

Let's match the items correctly:
A. Nayanars → III. 63: The Nayanars were 63 Shaivite saints devoted to Lord Shiva.
В. Akam →II. love theme: In Sangam literature, Akam poetry deals with themes of love and personal emotions, while Puram deals with war and external life.
C. Appar → IV. one of the Tevaram trio: Appar (Tirunavukkarasar) was one of the three great Shaiva saint-poets of the Tevaram hymns, along with Sambandar and Sundarar.
D. Tinais → I. eco-zones: In Sangam literature, Tinais are landscapes/ecozones that symbolize different aspects of human emotions and life (e.g., kurinji, mullai, marutham, neithal, palai).
So, the correct matching is:
A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I.

84. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I	LIST-II
A. Erivirapattanas	I. Corporate body consisting of merchants
B. Gavundas	II. Members of nadu assembly
C. Nagarattar	III. Protected mercantile towns
D. Nattar	IV. Cultivators or village headman

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
3. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
4. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Correct Answer: 1. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

Solution:

A. Erivirapattanas → III. Protected mercantile towns: Erivirapattanas were fortified or protected trading towns that served as safe hubs for commerce.
B. Gavundas → IV. Cultivators or village headman: Gavundas were influential peasants, landholders, or village headmen in South Indian society.
C. Nagarattar → I. Corporate body consisting of merchants: The Nagarattars were powerful merchant guilds engaged in trade and commerce.
D. Nattar → II. Members of nadu assembly: Nattar were the members of the nadu assembly, representing the rural polity.
So, the correct matching is:
A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.

85. Match the LIST-I with LIST-IІ.

LIST-I	LIST-II
A. Translation of Rajatarangini	I. Nusrat Shah
B. Translation of Ramayana	II. Firuz Tughlaq
C. Translation of Bhagavata	III. Maladhar Basu
D. Translation of Rangadarshan	IV. Zain-ul-Abidin

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
2. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
3. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
4. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Correct Answer: 4. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Solution:

Let's carefully match the translations with the patrons/authors:
A. Translation of Rajatarangini → IV. Zainul-Abidin: Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin of Kashmir (15th century) had Kalhana's Rajatarangini translated into Persian.
B. Translation of Ramayana → I. Nusrat Shah: Sultan Nusrat Shah of Bengal (16th century) sponsored the Bengali translation of Valmiki's Ramayana.
C. Translation of Bhagavata → III. Maladhar Basu: Maladhar Basu, a Bengali poet, translated the Bhagavata Purana into Bengali under Sultan Ruknuddin Barbak Shah's patronage.
D. Translation of Rangadarshan → II. Firuz Tughlaq: Firuz Shah Tughlaq had Sanskrit works like Rangadarshana translated into Persian.
So, the correct matching is:
A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II.

86. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I (Temple)	LIST-II (Founder/Patron)
A. Sun Temple, Martand	I. Sankaravarman
B. Sun Temple, Konark	II. Narsimha-I
C. Sugandesha Temple, Pattan	III. Krishna Deva Raya
D. Hazara Temple	IV. Lalitaditya Muktapida

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
3. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
4. A-II, B-I, C-II, D-IV

Correct Answer: 3. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

Solution:

Let's correctly match the temples with their builders/patrons:
A. Sun Temple, Martand → IV. Lalitaditya Muktapida: Built in the 8th century CE by Lalitaditya Muktapida of the Karkota dynasty in Kashmir.
B. Sun Temple, Konark → II. Narasimhadeva I: Constructed in the 13th century CE by Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty in Odisha.
C. Sugandhesha Temple, Pattan → І. Sankaravarman: Built by Sankaravarman (Shankaravarman) of Kashmir's Utpala dynasty in the 9th century CE.
D. Hazara Temple → III. Krishnadeva Raya: The Hazara Rama temple in Hampi, dedicated to Lord Rama, was built during the reign of Krishnadeva Raya of the Vijayanagara Empire in the early 16th century CЕ.
So, the correct sequence is:
A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III.

87. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Title)	LIST-II (Function/Equivalent)
A. Sar-i-Naubat	I. Finances
B. Waqe-Navis	II. Correspondence
C. Surunavis	III. Senapati
D. Peshwa	IV. Intelligence

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
3. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
4. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II

Correct Answer: 2. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Solution:

Maratha administrative/military designations:
A. Sar-i-Naubat → III. Senapati: The title Sar-i-Naubat referred to the Commanderin-Chief of the Maratha forces, equivalent to Senapati.
B. Waqe-Navis → IV. Intelligence: The Waqe-Navis was responsible for collecting intelligence and reporting news.
C. Surunavis → II. Correspondence: The Surunavis (also called Chitnis) handled state correspondence and drafting official letters.
D. Peshwa → I. Finances: The Peshwa, originally in charge of revenue and finance, later became the Prime Minister and de facto head of the Maratha state.
So, the correct sequence is:
A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

88. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I	LIST-II
A. Prakritaprakasha	I. Patanjali
B. Mahabhashya	II. Panini
C. Tolkappiyam	III. Varauchi
D. Ashtadhyayi	IV. Tamil Grammar

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
2. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
3. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
4. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Solution:

Let's carefully match the texts with their authors:
A. Prakritaprakasha → III. Vararuchi: Prakritaprakasha is the earliest surviving grammar of Prakrit, authored by Vararuchi.
B. Mahabhashya→ I. Patanjali: The Mahabhashya is Patanjali's celebrated commentary on Panini's Ashtadhyayi.
C. Tolkappiyam → IV. Tamil Grammar: Tolkappiyam is the oldest extant Tamil grammar text.
D. Ashtadhyayi → II. Panini: The Ashtadhyayi is the foundational Sanskrit grammar composed by Panini.
So, the correct sequence is:
A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

89. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Institution)	LIST-II (Year)
A. Indian Academy of Sciences	I. 1934
B. Geological Survey of India	II. 1851
C. Botanical Survey of India	III. 1890
D. Zoological Survey of India	IV. 1916

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
2. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
3. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
4. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Correct Answer: 3. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

Solution:

Let's match the institutions with their years of establishment:
A. Indian Academy of Sciences → I. 1934: Founded by Sir C.V. Raman in 1934 at Bangalore.
B. Geological Survey of India → II. 1851: One of the oldest scientific institutions in India, established in 1851.
C. Botanical Survey of India → III. 1890: Established in 1890 to survey and document India's rich plant diversity.
D. Zoological Survey of India → IV. 1916: Established in 1916 in Calcutta to study India's animal resources.
So, the correct matching is:
A-I, B-II, C-IIІ, D-IV.

90. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Books)	LIST-II (Author)
A. The Awakening of Indian Women	I. Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay
B. Infant Marriage and Enforced Widowhood in India	II. B.M. Malabari
C. History of the Brahmo Samaj vol. I & II	III. Sibnath Sastri
D. Position of Hindu Women Fifty Years Ago, Our Cause	IV. Cornelia Sorabji

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
2. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
4. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I

Correct Answer: 2. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

Solution:

Let's carefully match the works with their authors:
A. The Awakening of Indian Women →I. Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay: Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay wrote The Awakening of Indian Women (1939), a landmark text on women's rights and empowerment.
B. Infant Marriage and Enforced Widowhood in India → II. B.M. Malabari: В.M. Malabari, a noted social reformer, authored Notes on Infant Marriage and Enforced Widowhood (1884), strongly criticizing regressive practices.
C. History of the Brahmo Samaj vol. I & II → III. Sibnath Sastri: Sibnath Sastri, a prominent Brahmo leader, authored History of the Brahmo Samaj in two volumes.
D. Position of Hindu Women Fifty Years Ago, Our Cause → IV. Cornelia Sorabji: Cornelia Sorabji, the first female advocate in India, wrote The Position of Women in Hindu Law and works reflecting women's struggles, including Our Cause.
So, the correct sequence
A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV.