UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, June-2020 ENGLISH (Shift-I)

Total Questions: 100

51. Маcaulay's Minute of 1835 sought to:

1. promote European literature and science among the natives.
2. impart knowledge of English literature and science through translated texts.
3. encourage branches of native learning by more useful studies.
4. stop expenditure on the publication of oriental works and spend funds only on English education.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 4 only
Solution:

On 2nd February 1835, British historian and politician Thomas Babington Macaulay presented his 'Minute on Indian Education' that sought to establish the need to import English Education to Indian 'native'. He promotes English literature and not Sanskrit or Arabic or Persian literature. He did not favor the use of the mother tongue as the medium of education. He gave strong support to English as the medium of education. Macaulay spent four years in India, where he devoted his efforts to reforming the Indian criminal code, putting the British and natives on an equal legal footing, and to establishing an educational system based upon the British model, which involved introducing Indians to European ideas.

52. Which two of the following statements are applicable to 'metalanguage'?

It is:
1. a technical language which describes the properties of language.
2. known as a 'first-order' language.
3. a 'second-order' language that replaces 'first-order' language with metaphors. 4. a 'second-order' language.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) 1 and 4 only
Solution:

A metalanguage is a language used to describe another language, often called the object language. Expressions in a metalanguage are often distinguished from those in the object language by the use of italics, quotation marks or writing on separate line. The term metalanguage or 'language about language" is used increasingly in the language teaching literature. Some writers use the term to refer to technical and semi-technical linguistic terminology, such as verb complement and sentence.

53. "Hari wrote a poem on the mountains". Which two of the following are admissible statements about the above sentence?

1. The sentence is an example of lexical ambiguity.
2. The sentence is an example of structural ambiguity.
3. The sentence involves two deep structures.
4. The sentence involves two surface structures.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Solution:

'Structural or syntactic ambiguity' is the potential of multiple interpretations for a piece of written or spoken language because of the way words or phrases are organized. Deep structure and surface structure concepts are used in linguistics, specifically in the study of syntax in the Chomskyan tradition of transformational generative grammar. The deep structure of a linguistic expression is a theoretical construct that seeks to unify several related structures.

54. Which two of the following events are described in Samuels Pepys's Diary?

1. The Plague in London
2. The Great Fire of Londor
3. The War of Spanish Succession
4. Essex Rebellion
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Solution:

Samuel Pepys's (1633-1703) was an administrator of the navy of England and Member of Parliament, who is most famous for the diary he kept for a decade while still a relatively young man. The eventual publication of the diary revealed Pepys as an exceptionally skilled recorder of the political events of his time and also everyday life. Pepys's record of contemporary events such as 'The Plague in London' and 'The Great Fire of London' has become an important source for historians seeking an understanding of life in London during the mid 17th century. On 1st January 1660 Samuel Pepys made his first diary entry, one that would lead to a further decade of recording everyday trivialities mixed with important events and battles.

55. Which two of the following inspired the rise of the periodical essay?

1. Robert Burton
2. Francois Rabelais
3. Francis Bacon
4. Michel de Montaigne
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) 3 and 4 only
Solution:

A periodical essay is an essay published in a magazine or journal in particular, an essay that appears as part of a series. The 18th century is considered the great age of the periodical essay in English. The term "periodical essay" appears to have been first used by George Colman the Elder and Bonnell Thornton in their magazine 'The Connoisseur' (1754-56). Periodicals were aimed at middle class people who were literate enough and could afford to buy the editions regularly.

56. Which two of the following works does Walter Pater regard as examples of "great art" in his essay "Style"?

1. Ilia
2. The Divine Comedy
3. Les Miserables
4. Faust
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) 2 and 3 only
Solution:

Walter Horatio Pater was an English essayist, literary and art critic and fiction writer, regarded as one of the great stylists. His works on Renaissance subjects were popular but controversial in his times. His famous 'Appreciations, with an Essay on Style' was published in 1895. The divide comedy and Les Miserables are regarded as examples of "great art" in his essay "Style".

57. According to his essay "Civil Disobedience", what two things did Thoreau learn from the night he spent in jail?

1. He concluded that the State is ultimately weak.
2. He realized that captivity inspires courage.
3. He realized that the neighbours are only friends during good times.
4. He concluded that captivity brings wisdom about human affairs.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only
Solution:

Resistance to Civil Government, called Civil Disobedience for short, is an essay by American transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau that was first published in 1849. Thoreau expounded his anarchistic view of government, insisting that it an injustice of government is "of such a nature that it requires injustice to another [you should] break the law [and] let your life be a counter friction to stop. In "Civil Disobedience" Thoreau's basic premise is that a higher law than civil law demands the obedience of the individual. Human law and government are subordinate. In cases where the two are at odds with one another, the individual must follow his conscience and it necessary disregard human law.

58. Which two of the following are the titles of the sections in Thomas De Quincey's "The English Mail - Coach"?

1. The Glory of Mobility
2. The Vision of Sudden Death
3. The Glory of Motion
4. The Vision of Unexpected Truth
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) 2 and 3 only
Solution:

"The English Mail - Coach" is an essay by the English author Thomas De Quincey. A "Three part masterpiece" and 'one of his most magnificent works", it first appeared in 1849 in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, in the October and December issues.
Part I - "The Glory of Motion"
Part II - "The Vision of Sudden Death"
Part III - "Dream Fugue, Founded on the Preceding Theme of Sudden Death".

59. Which two of the following books are explorations of the art of the novel by novelists?

1. The Brief Compass
2. The Naive and the Sentimental Novelist
3. The Visionary Company
4. Testaments Betrayed
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) 2 and 4 only
Solution:

"The Naïve and the Sentimental Novelist" is written by a Turkish novelist, screen writer, academic and recipient of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Literature, Ferit Orhan Pamuk.
"Testaments Betrayed" is written by Milan Kundera. Milan is a Czech writer who went into exile in France in 1975, becoming a naturalized French citizen in 1981. "Testaments Betrayed" is written like a novel: the same characters appears and reappear throughout the nine parts of the book, as do the principle themes that pre-occupy the author.

60. The lives of which of the following writers have been the subject matter of novels by Anthony Burgess?

1. Milton
2. Marlowe
3. Shelley
4. Keats
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) 2 and 4 only
Solution:

John Anthony Burgess Wilson, (1917-1993), was an English writer and composer. His novel about the murder of Christopher Marlowe, "A Dead Man in Deptford" was published in 1993.
In 1958, Anthony Burgess wrote the book English Literature: A Survey for Students. In this book is one of Burgess's earliest published description of Keats.