UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Management, December-2021/June-2022

Digital transformation has been a key theme of the Union Budget, 2022 with announcements ranging from infrastructure status to data centers to taking fibre to all panchayats under the Bharatnet Programm. Induction of a block chain based sovereign digital currency and setting up of 75 digital banking units, constitution of task force for animation visual effects gaming and comics (AVGC), launch of a digital university, digitalization of school educations platforms and support for the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for large scale electronics manufacturing and IT hardware were also port of the overall focus.

Announced in 2015 with the goal of ushering in digitally driven transformation in governance economy and society, it has already led to the launch of new scheme as well as the expansion of other like Unified Payments Interface (UPI) the digital litenact program (PMGDISHA) e-hospital. Digilocaker, Common Service Centers (CSCs) and the number of internet uses has also grown to over 83 crores. It needs to ensure world class digital infrastructure including high speed broad-band connectivity and 5-G network. hyperscale data centers to make India a global hub for data centers and cloud. With increased focus on primary, security and the need for storing data within the country, these are strong demand drivers in place for making investments in data centers attractive.

Whole govt, approach and creation of new public digital platforms in major domains such as education, health agriculture and logistics need to undergo a paradigm shift. These also needs to be strong focus an standard interoperability and using common technology platforms such as Aadhar. UPI singlesign on to make the development of new applications easier and faster. Creation of vibrant startup ecosystem in artificial intelligence machine learning internet of thing holds the key to achieving the key to achieving million dollor digital economy goal.

Further, there is an equally strong need to modernise digital laws in India to support growth of digital economy and address concerns on accountability of online platforms and increasing cyber security to create trust and confidence amongst the users in the online world, which is crucial for digital inclusion and to bring the remaining population into the digital world. A national policy on data governance is the need of hour so that access to data is made easier for research apart from a strong push for a killing and capacity building in digital technologies at all levels in partnership with the industry and academia to make India skill and talent a capital of the world.

Which of the following could be the most appropriate title of the passage?

Assertion (A): India needs to modernize its digital laws to support the rapid growth of the digital economy.
Reason (R): New digital Laws are needed for digital inclusion and bringing more people to the digital world thus to increase digital users.
In the light of the above statement, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) High speed broadband connectivity
(B) Accountability of online platforms
(C) Infrastructure status to data centres
(D) Increasing data and intellectual property Security
(E) Task force for Animation, Visual Effects, Gaming and Comics
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

ABG Global Ltd. is a large size cereal manufacturing company that markets its morning cereals products to various countries of the world. In order to cater to the local markets, the company makes small changes in its product like sweetness and flavours. The core product, branding and packaging are all standardised. The sales of products have witnessed an unexpected rise in various Asian market including Indian in the past few years.

In response to this growing demand, the company has pursued an aggressive strategy of marketing and producing its products by doubling its capacity. Last year, the company suffered a jolt, when its sales declined sharply. A careful analysis of market revealed that the market segment which adopted the company's product were upper middle class representing families where both spouses are working. Initially it was glamourous to adopt cereals as alternative breakfast option. But, after certain time, they reverted back to traditional Indian breakfast.

India being a highly conventional market offers less scope for standardized global products. In a volatile demand structure wherein huge marketing efforts are required in house doubling of production capacity can result in large unreconverables investment, thus hinting towards alternative strategies. The CEO of the company is now laying emphasis on product positioning strategies. Replacing a full meals with a non-Indian food has a lower success rate calling for customization As such brand equity may not work.

______ is a combination of standardization and differentiation, where the core strategy remains same, but ______ is made to take into account specific customer group requirement.