UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Social Medicine & Community Health, January-2024

Total Questions: 74

71. The mother of a two year old child brings the child to PHC with complaints of diarrhea with passage of blood in stool, low grade fever and no other danger signs. On examination, the child has sunken eyes and skin pinch goes back slowly. Which of the following are correct regarding management of child?

A. The child should be started with Plan B of oral rehydration depending on weight of child.
B. Antibodies should not be started.
C. Child should be reassessed after 30 minutes and sent home after advising about danger signs.
D. Zinc to be given as an adjunct to therapy.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 1. A and B only
Solution:

The child has bloody diarrhea, sunken eyes, and skin pinch goes back slowly, indicating some dehydration, which requires Plan B management under the IMNCI guidelines:

A. Plan B: Rehydration with ORS at 75 mL/kg over 4 hours is recommended for children with some dehydration.

D. Zinc: Should be given as an adjunct therapу in all children with diarrhea, including bloody diarrhea, to reduce severity and recurrence.

B. Antibiotics should be started in cases of bloody diarrhea, as it's likely to be dysentery (e.g., Shigella), so this option is incorrect.

C. Reassessment after 30 minutes is done, but not all such children are sent home immediately; some may require further observation or treatment.

Hence, A and D only are correct.

72. Which among the following are examples of Social component of environment?

A. Customs
B. Culture
C. Housing
D. Rodents
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 1. A and B only
Solution:

The social component of the environment refers to non-physical factors influencing health, such as:
A. Customs
B. Culture
These determine behaviours, norms, and practices that affect health (e.g., breastfeeding practices, food habits). In contrast:
C. Housing is part of the physical environment, and
D. Rodents belong to the biological environment.
So, correct answer: A and B only.

73. When 2 screening tests are applied in parallel, the effect is:

A. Net Sensitivity increases
B. Net Sensitivity decreases
C. Net Specificity increases
D. Net Specificity decreases
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

Correct Answer: 2. A and D only
Solution:

When two screening tests are applied in parallel (i.e., a positive result on either test is considered positive):

A. Net sensitivity increases: Because the person is less likely to be missed if they are truly diseased (fewer false negatives).
D. Net specificity decreases: More false positives occur as more people are labeled positive even if only one test detects them.
Hence, the parallel approach increases sensitivity but reduces specificity.

74. Which of the following are correct statements regarding dose, route and frequency of injectable contraceptives?

A. DMPA 150 mg, subcutaneous, every three months
B. DMPA 150 mg, intramuscular, every three months
C. NET-EN 200 mg, intramuscular, every two months
D. NET-EN 200 mg, intramuscular, every three months
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 2. B and C only
Solution:

Correct injectable contraceptive schedules are:

B. DMPA 150 mg, intramuscular (IM), every 3 months: Most commonly used injectable contraceptive under national programs.

C. NET-EN (Norethisterone enanthate) 200 mg, IM, every 2 months (A) is incorrect because the subcutaneous DMPA dose is 104 mg, not 150 mg.

(D) is incorrect as NET-EN is to be given every 2 months, not 3.

Thus, correct answer: B and C only.