UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Social Medicine & Community Health, January-2025

Total Questions: 95

51. Arrange the following states (highest to lowest) in terms of their Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Source: SRS 2020):

A. Chhattisgarh
B. Assam
C. Gujarat
D. Uttar Pradesh
E. Jharkhand
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 3. D, E, А, B, C
Solution:

According to the Sample Registration System (SRS) 2020, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) indicates the average number of children a woman would bear during her reproductive years.

It varies across states based on factors like education, health access, and socio-economic status. The TFR values for the given states are approximately:

  • Uttar Pradesh - 2.4 (highest among these)
  • Jharkhand 2.3
  • Chhattisgarh - 2.1
  • Assam - 1.9
  • Gujarat - 1.8

Thus, in descending order (highest to lowest), the sequence is Uttar Pradesh → Jharkhand → Chhattisgarh → Assam → Gujarat, showing that fertility remains higher in central and northern states compared to western and northeastern regions.

52. Arrange the following from top-to-bottom as per their position in the Food Pyramid for a balanced diet for 2000 K Calories. as per the ICMR-NIN Dietary Guidelines for Indians-2024.:

A. Cereals
B. Vegetables
C. Nuts and Seeds
D. Pulses and legumes
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

Correct Answer: 3. C, D, А, B
Solution:

The ICMR-NIN Dietary Guidelines for Indians (2024) organize the Food Pyramid to illustrate the ideal proportions of different food groups for a 2000 kcal balanced diet.

Top (smallest portion): Nuts and Seeds - rich in healthy fats and micronutrients; consumed sparingly.

Next: Pulses and Legumes - key sources of plant-based proteins and fiber.

Next: Cereals - the base of the Indian diet. providing carbohydrates and energy.

Bottom (largest portion): Vegetables - supply essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants; should be consumed in abundance.

Hence, from top to bottom, the correct order is C (Nuts and Seeds) →D (Pulses and Legumes) → A (Cereals) → B (Vegetables).

53. Identify the roles of social worker in a health care team:

A. Notes down social history
B. Expounds the nature of disease
C. Find out the way towards social adjustment
D. Posts community resources
E. Prescribes therapeutic medicine
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 4. A, B, Cand D only
Solution:

In a healthcare team, social workers play a crucial role in addressing the psychosocial and community aspects of patient care. Their responsibilities include:

A. Recording social history through psychosocial assessment.

B. Expounding the nature of disease - helping patients and families understand diagnoses and their social implications.

C. Assisting in social adjustment, including counseling and rehabilitation support.

D. Linking patients with community resources for continued care and support.
They do not prescribe medicines, which is the role of licensed medical practitioners.

54. Arrange the following chronologically (oldest to most recent):

A. Kartar Singh Committee
B. Sokhey Committee
C. Bhore Committee
D. Mudaliar Committee
E. Shrivastava Committee
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 1. C, В, D, E, A
Solution:

Chronological order of important health committees in India:

C. Bhore Committee - 1946 (laid the foundation for primary health care).

B. Sokhey Committee - 1948 (focused on national health policy and social insurance).

D. Mudaliar Committee - 1962 (recommended strengthening district hospitals).

A. Kartar Singh Committee - 1973 (suggested creation of multipurpose health workers).

E. Shrivastava Committee - 1975 (proposed rüral health cadre and health manpower planning).

55. Arrange the following chronologically (oldest to most recent).

A. Central Births and Deaths Registration Act
B. Epidemic Diseases Act
C. Census Act
D. Madras Public Health Act
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 2. B, D, C, A
Solution:

Chronological order of major public health legislations in India:

B. Epidemic Diseases Act - 1897 (for controlling epidemic outbreaks).

D. Madras Public Health Act - 1939 (one of the first regional public health acts).

C. Census Act 1948 (for conducting population censuses).

A. Central Births and Deaths Registration Act - 1969 (for uniform registration system).

56. Governments use a set of measures to regulate quality of health services. Identify the appropriate measures from the following options

A. Register and accredit facilities
B. Negotiate salary scales
C. Require providers to establish or to lodge complaints procedures
D. Set requirements for continuing education
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 4. A, C and D only
Solution:

Governments regulate the quality of health services through a range of policy and regulatory measures. These include:

A. Registering and accrediting healthcare facilities to ensure compliance with quality standards.

C. Requiring providers to establish complaint mechanisms to enhance accountability.

D. Setting continuing education requirements to maintain professional competence. Negotiating salary scales (B) is part of workforce management, not service quality regulation.

57. Before a screening programme is initiated a decision must be made whether it is worthwhile, based on appropriated criteria being fulfilled.

A. It should not have an effective treatment
B. There is a test that can detect the disease prior to the onset of signs and symptoms
C. The expected benefits of early detection exceed the risks and costs
D. There should not be a recognisable latent or early asymptomatic stage
E. The condition should be an important public health problem
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

Correct Answer: 4. B, C, E only
Solution:

Before implementing a screening programme, certain criteria must be fulfilled (as per Wilson and Jungner's WHO principles). Key among them:

B. There must be a test that can detect the disease before symptoms appear.

C. The benefits of early detection must outweigh the costs and risks.

E. The condition should be an important public health problem.

In contrast, statements A and D are incorrect because an effective treatment and a recognizable early stage are essential for screening.

58. Identify the correct statements about Pulmonary TB among tribal populations.

A. RNTCP provides free diagnose and treatment
B. The estimated prevalence in tribal communities is about five times that of the rest of the country
C. There is provision for additional TВ Units
D. Contractual staff are not paid higher emoluments if posted in tribal area
E. Compensation is available for transportation of patients
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 1. A, C, E only
Solution:

Among tribal populations, the National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP) (formerly RNTCP) ensures focused efforts to improve access to diagnosis, treatment, and support services.

A. RNTCP/NTEP provides free diagnosis and treatment for all TB patients, including those in remote and tribal regions.

C. There is a provision for additional TВ Units and microscopy centres in tribal areas (one per 50,000 population, versus one per 100,000 in general areas).

E. Transport compensation of 750 is provided to TB patients in tribal and difficult-to-reach areas to cover travel costs to treatment centres. Incorrect statements:

B. The prevalence of TB in tribal communities is higher, but not five times the national average.

D. Contractual staff and DOT providers in tribal areas often receive additional incentives or allowances, not lower pay.

59. Identify the correct SDG Indicators:

А. 3.1.2 proportion of birth attends by skilled health personnel Global-100, India 89 (2012-2021)
B. 3.2.2 Neonatal mortality rate Global-17, India-20 (2020)
С. 3.3.2 TB incidence per 1000 persons per year Global-27, India-188 (2020) D. 3.4.2 Suicide mortality rate Global-9.2, India-12.7 (2019)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

Correct Answer: 4. B, D only
Solution:

Among the listed Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) health indicators, only B and D match current official WHO and UN data:

B. 3.2.2 Neonatal mortality rate - Global: 17 per 1,000 live births; India: 20 per 1,000 (2020). → Correct. Matches WHO and UNICEF global estimates for neonatal mortality.

D. 3.4.2 Suicide mortality rate - Global: 9.2 per 100,000; India: 12.7 per 100,000 (2019) → Correct. Based on WHO Global Health Estimates 2019.

Incorrect statements:
A. The global proportion of births attended by skilled personnel is about 84%, not 100%, and India's rate of 89% (2012–2021) is not fully accurate.

C. The TB incidence indicator is measured per 100,000 population, not per 1,000. The actual figures were closer to Global: 127; India: 188 (2020), and have improved since.

60. Identify the correct statements about disaster preparedness:

A. These measures include appropriate land use planning and improved building codes
B. The objective is to provide prompt effective assistance to disaster victims, facilitating relief measures and rehabilitation of services
C. Community members, resources, organizations and administration should be the cornerstones
D. It is an ongoing multi-sectoral activity
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: 2. B, C, D only
Solution:

Disaster preparedness involves planning and organizing resources to ensure a prompt and effective response when a disaster occurs.

It focuses on readiness activities such as training personnel, stockpiling relief materials, establishing communication systems, and coordinating agencies.

A. Incorrect - Land use planning and building codes are part of disaster mitigation, which aims to reduce the impact and severity of disasters, not preparedness.

B. Correct - The objective of preparedness is to ensure rapid, effective assistance to victims and to facilitate relief and rehabilitation.

C. Correct - Community participation is essential; effective preparedness depends on mobilizing community members, resources, organizations, and administration.

D. Correct - Preparedness is an ongoing, multi-sectoral activity, requiring cooperation across health, infrastructure, education, and emergency services.