UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Social Medicine & Community Health, January-2025

Total Questions: 95

81. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Demographic stages)	LIST-II (Description)
A. High stationary	I. Birth Rate is lower than death rate
B. Early expanding	II. Low Birth Rate and Low Death Rate
C. Declining	III. High Birth Rate and High Death Rate
D. Low stationary	IV. Death Rate begins to decline, while birth rate remains unchanged

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
2. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
3. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
4. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

Solution:

Demographic Stages and Their Descriptions A. High stationary - High Birth Rate and High Death Rate (III): This stage is typical of pre-industrial societies with little population growth due to high mortality.

B. Early expanding - Death Rate begin to decline, while birth rate remain unchanged (IV): Improved sanitation a healthcare lower mortality, while birth rate stay high, leading to rapid population growt

C. Declining - Birth Rate is lower than Deag Rate (I): This stage reflects a declinin population due to very low fertility and a aging population.

D. Low stationary - Low Birth Rate an Low Death Rate (II): Represents a stabe population seen in developed nations wit advanced healthcare and family planning. Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-П.

82. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Urban Healthcare Personnel/ Institutions/Facilities)	LIST-II (Population Norm)
A. U-PHC (Urban Primary Health Centre)	I. 250-500 (Households)
B. ANM (Auxiliary Nurse Midwife)	II. 10,000
C. Mahila Arogya Samiti	III. 50,000
D. U-CHC (Urban Community Health Centre)	IV. 2.5 Lakh

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
3. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
4. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

Solution:

Urban Healthcare Personnel/Facilities ang Population Norms

A. U-PHC - 50,000 (III): An Urban Priman Health Centre (U-PHC) typically caters to a population of about 50,000, providing essential primary health services to urban residents.

B. ANM - 10,000 (II): An Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM) in urban areas generally covers around 10,000 people, focusing on maternal, newborn, and child health services. immunization, and family welfare.

C. Mahila Arogya Samiti - 250–500 (I): A Mahila Arogya Samiti (MAS) is a community-level women's group covering about 250-500 people, promoting health awareness and facilitating communit participation in health programs.

D. U-CHC - 2.5 Lakh (IV): An Urban Community Health Centre (U-CHC) serves 2 a referral centre for 4-5 U-PHCs, covering a population of about 2.5 lakh people.
Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV.

83. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Authors/Social Scientists)	LIST-II (Books/Theories)
A. Talcott Parsons	I. The Social System (1951)
B. Emile Durkheim	II. Suicide: A Case Study (1897)
C. Erving Goffman	III. The Medicalization of Society (2007)
D. Peter Conrad	IV. Asylum (1961)

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
3. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
4. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

Correct Answer: 4. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

Authors/Social Scientists and Their Theories/ Books

A. Talcott Parsons - The Social Syste (1951) (1): Introduced the concept of the "sick role" and structural functionalism in medical sociology.

B. Emile Durkheim - Suicide: A Case Study (1897) (II): A foundational work linking social integration and regulation to suicidk rates.

C. Erving Goffman - Asylum (1961) (IV: Explored the experiences of individuals is total institutions such as mental hospitals.

D. Peter Conrad - The Medicalization of Society (2007) (III): Analyzed how normal life processes and behaviors have become defined as medical problems.
Correct Answer: 4. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III.

84. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Institutions/Committees)	LIST-II (Functions)
A. Village Health and Sanitation Committee	II. Utilisation of untied funds at SHC-HWCS
B. Mahila Arogyya Samiti	I. Monthly meetings with Anganwadi workers
C. Rogi Kalyan Samiti	III. Development of Village Health Action Plans
D. Jan Arogya Samiti	IV. Promoting active public participation, PHC and above

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
2. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
3. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
4. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II

Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Solution:

Institutions/Committees and Their Functions

A. Village Health and Sanitation Committee - Development of Village Health Action Plans (III): The VHSC prepares and implements Village Health Action Plans (VHAPs) to address local health needs and promote sanitation and hygiene.

B. Mahila Arogya Samiti - Monthly meetings with Anganwadi workers (I): The MAS conducts regular monthly meetings with Anganwadi workers to coordinate community health promotion and address local health issues.

C. Rogi Kalyan Samiti - Promoting active public participation, PHC and above (IV): The RKS ensures community participation in hospital/health centre management and oversees local fund utilization at PHC level and above.

D. Jan Arogya Samiti - Utilisation of untied funds at SHC-HWC (II): The JAS manages and monitors the utilization of untied funds and other resources at Sub Health Centres/ Health and Wellness Centres.
Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

85. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Principle of PHC)	LIST-II (Example)
A. Community Participation	I. Use of coconut water for oral rehydration
B. Appropriate Technology	II. Anganwadi, as a part of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
C. Intersectoral Co-ordination	III. Village Health Guide
D. Equitable Distribution	IV. Ayushman Bharat

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
2. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
3. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
4. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

Correct Answer: 1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

Solution:

Principles of Primary Health Care and Their Examples

A. Community Participation - Village Health Guide (III): Community members such as Village Health Guides are trained to promote health and mobilize local participation in healthcare programs.

B. Appropriate Technology - Use of coconut water for oral rehydration (I): Reflects simple, locally available, low-cost, and effective technology suitable for community use.

C. Intersectoral Coordination - Anganwadi, as a part of ICDS (II): Demonstrates coordination among health, nutrition, and education sectors through the ICDS program.

D. Equitable Distribution - Ayushman Bharat (IV): Aims for universal access to healthcare services regardless of socioeconomic status.
Correct Answer: 1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV.

86. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Anti-TB drugs)	LIST-II (Side-effects)
A. Kanamycin	I. Hepatitis
B. Rifampicin	II. Orange discolouration of urine
C. Ethambutol	III. Ocular toxicity
D. Pyrazinamide	IV. Cutaneous hypersensitivity

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
2. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
3. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
4. A-II, В-II, С-I, D-IV

Correct Answer: 2. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I

Solution:

Anti-TB Drugs and Their Side Effects

A. Kanamycin - Cutaneous hypersensitivity (IV): (Correction) Actually, Kanamycin is associated mainly with ototoxicity (hearing loss) and nephrotoxicity, but among listed options, none fits perfectly.

If considering relative correctness, it is least associated with hepatic or ocular toxicity, so IV fits best among given choices.

B. Rifampicin - Orange discolouration of urine (II): Characteristic side effect due to drug pigment excretion through body fluids.

C. Ethambutol – Ocular toxicity (III): Known to cause optic neuritis, leading to vision impairment and red-green color blindness.

D. Pyrazinamide - Hepatitis (I): Causes hepatotoxicity and hyperuricemia.
Correct Answer: 2. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I.

87. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Activities)	LIST-II (List)
A. Census	I. State List
B. Public Health and Sanitation	II. Union List
C. Hospitals and Dispensaries	III. Concurrent List
D. Social Security and Social Insurance	IV. State List

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
2. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
4. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Solution:

Activities (VII Schedule) and Corresponding Lists

A. Census - Union List (II): Census is conducted every 10 years under the Union List, as it falls under central government authority.

B. Public Health and Sanitation - State List (I): This is primarily a state subject, as health services and sanitation are managed at the state level.

C. Hospitals and Dispensaries - State List (IV): The establishment and maintenance of hospitals and dispensaries are also under state responsibility.

D. Social Security and Social Insurance - Concurrent List (III): Both central and state governments share responsibility under the Concurrent List.
Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III.

88. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Barriers)	LIST-II (Meanings/Concepts)
A. Physiological	I. noise, invisibility, congestion
B. Psychological	II. emotional disturbances, neurosis, levels of intelligence
C. Environmental	III. difficulties in hearing, expression
D. Cultural	IV. illiteracy, customs, beliefs, religion, attitudes, social class

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
2. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
3. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
4. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Correct Answer: 2. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

Solution:

Barriers and Their Meanings/Concepts

A. Physiological - Difficulties in hearing, expression (III): These involve physical or biological limitations such as speech defects or hearing impairment.

B. Psychological - Emotional disturbances, neurosis, levels of intelligence (II): These barriers arise from mental or emotional factors that affect communication.

C. Environmental - Noise, invisibility, congestion (I): Physical surroundings such as poor lighting, noise, or crowding can obstruct effective communication.

D. Cultural - Illiteracy, customs, beliefs, religion, attitudes, social class (IV): Cultural differences influence perceptions, understanding, and acceptance of health messages. Correct Answer: 2. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV.

89. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Features)	LIST-II (Generic IMCI / India IMNCI)
A. Coverage of 0-6 days (early newborn period)	I. Generic IMCI-No
B. Basic health worker module	II. India IMNCI-Yes
C. Home-based training	III. India IMNCI-Newborn/young infant first then child
D. Duration of training on newborn/young infant	IV. Generic IMCI-No

Choose the correct answer from the options
given below:

1. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
2. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
3. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
4. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

Solution:

Features of Generic IMCI and India IMNCI

A. Coverage of 0–6 days (early newborn period) - India IMNCI (II): India's IMNCI includes care for 0-6 days old newborns, unlike the Generic IMCI.

B. Basic health worker module - Generic IMCI (1): The Generic IMCI module is meant primarily for health professionals, not field workers.

C. Home-based training - India IMNCI (III): India IMNCI provides home-based newborn care training before focusing on older infants.

D. Duration of training on newborn/young infant - Generic IMCI (IV): Generic IMCI has a shorter training duration for newborns compared to IMNCI.
Correct Answer: 3. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV.

90. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Category)	LIST-II (Core Health Indicators)
A. Inputs and processes	I. TB incidence rate
B. Output	II. TB treatment coverage
C. Outcome	III. Completeness and timeliness for notifiable diseases
D. Impact	IV. TB treatment services rate

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
2. А-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
3. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
4. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Solution:

Core Health Indicator Categories

A. Inputs and Processes - Completeness and timeliness for notifiable diseases (III): Indicates how efficiently data and systems are functioning.

B. Output - TB treatment services rate (IV): Reflects the availability and delivery of services to the target population.

C. Outcome - TB treatment coverage (II): Shows how well the system is performing in reaching and treating TB patients.

D. Impact - TB incidence rate (I): Represents the ultimate effect of interventions on disease burden in the population. Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I.