UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Social Medicine & Community Health, June-2025

Total Questions: 100

81. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Area of Rehabilitation)	LIST-II (Aim of Rehabilitation)
A. Medical rehabilitation	I. Aim is to restore the capacity to earn livelihood.
B. Vocational rehabilitation	II. Aim is to restore family and social relationship.
C. Psychological rehabilitation	III. Aim is to restore the body functions.
D. Social rehabilitation	IV. Aim is to restore personal dignity.

Choose the correct answer from the options
given below:

1. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
2. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
3. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
4. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Solution:

Based on the aims of different areas of rehabilitation:

A. Medical rehabilitation - Aim is to restore the body functions (III): Focuses on treatment, therapy, and recovery to help patients regain physical or physiological functions after illness or injury.

B. Vocational rehabilitation - Aim is to restore the capacity to earn livelihood (I): Helps individuals develop or regain skills needed for employment and self-sufficiency.

C. Psychological rehabilitation — Aim is to restore personal dignity (IV): Involves counseling and mental health support to build confidence, self-esteem, and emotional stability.

D. Social rehabilitation - Aim is to restore family and social relationships (II): Enables reintegration into family and community life for better social functioning. Answer: 3: A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

82. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I (SDG Target)	LIST-II (Proposed Indicator)
A. 6.1	I. Clean household energy
B. 7.1	II. End all forms of malnutrition
C. 11.5	III. Access to safely managed drinking-water source
D. 2.2	IV. Death due to disaster

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
2. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
3. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
4. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Correct Answer: 4. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Solution:

Based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their proposed indicators:

A. SDG 6.1 — Access to safely managed drinking-water source (III): Ensures availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.

B. SDG 7.1 — Clean household energy (1): Focuses on access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy.

C. SDG 11.5 — Death due to disaster (IV): Aims to reduce the number of deaths and economic losses caused by disasters.

D. SDG 2.2 - End all forms of malnutrition (II): Strives to end hunger and ensure improved nutrition, especially among children and vulnerable groups. Answer: 4: A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

83. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Barrier of health communication)	LIST-II (Example)
A. Cultural	I. Noise
B. Environmental	II. Difficulty in hearing
C. Physiological	III. Customs
D. Psychological	IV. Emotional disturbance

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
3. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
4. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

Correct Answer: 3. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

Solution:

Based on common barriers to effective health communication and their examples:

A. Cultural barrier - Customs (III): Cultural beliefs, traditions, and customs can hinder acceptance or understanding of health messages.

B. Environmental barrier - Noise (1): Physical surroundings such as noise, poor lighting, or ventilation interfere with communication.

C. Physiological barrier - Difficulty in hearing (II): Sensory impairments like hearing or speech difficulties limit message reception.

D. Psychological barrier - Emotional disturbance (IV): Anxiety, fear, or prejudice can prevent effective communication. Answer: 3: A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV.

84. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Health Committee)	LIST-II (Chief Recommendation)
A. Mudaliar Committee	I. Reorganization and improvement of health services for providing primary health care in urban slums
B. Mukerji Committee	II. Establishment of integrated health services with unified cadre and common seniority, medical care and public health under single administrator
C. Jungalwalla Committee	III. Constitution of All India Health Service on the pattern of Indian Administrative Services
D. Krishnan Committee	IV. Separating staff for family planning and utilizing basic health worker for all other health duties

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

4. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
1. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
2. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
3. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Correct Answer: 4. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Solution:

Based on major health committees in India and their key recommendations:

A. Mudaliar Committee - Constitution of All India Health Service on the pattern of IAS (III): Recommended strengthening of health infrastructure and establishing an All India Health Service.

В. Mukerji Committee - Separating staff for family planning and utilizing basic health worker for all other duties (IV): Focused on improving efficiency of family planning and general health services.

C. Jungalwalla Committee - Establishment of integrated health services with unified cadre and single administration (II): Proposed integration of preventive and curative services under one structure.

D. Krishnan Committee - Reorganization and improvement of health services for providing primary health care in urban slums (I): Emphasized on strengthening urban health services, especially for underserved populations.

85. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Definition of sociology)	LIST-II (Coined by)
A. Sociology is the study of society, that is, of the web of human interactions and relationships	I. Max Weber
B. Sociology is an attempt to account for the origin, growth, structure and activities of society by the operations of physical causes working together in the process of evolution	II. Ferdinand Tonnies
C. Sociology is on the whole the theory of humans living together	III. Morris Ginsberg
D. Sociology is the science which attempts the interpretive understanding of social actions	IV. F.H. Giddings

Choose the correct answer from the options given below':

1. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
2. А-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
3. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
4. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

Correct Answer: 2. А-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Solution:

Based on common sociological attributions:

A. Sociology is the study of society, that is, of the web of human interactions and relationships - Morris Ginsberg (III): Ginsberg emphasized sociology as the scientific study of human interrelations forming the fabric of society.

B. Sociology is an attempt to account for the origin, growth, structure, and activities of society by the operations of physical causes working together in the process of evolution - F.H. Giddings (IV): Giddings highlighted sociology as an evolutionary science that examines social processes and development.

C. Sociology is on the whole the theory of humans living together - Ferdinand Tönnies (II): Tönnies, through his work Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft, focused on the dynamics of human association and social living.

D. Sociology is the science which attempts the interpretive understanding of social actions - Max Weber (I): Weber's Verstehen approach defined sociology as the interpretive understanding of social action to grasp its meaning.
Answer: 2: A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

86. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Global voluntary Indicators)	LIST-II (Relative Reduction)
A. Prevalence of raised blood pressure	I. 10%
B. Mean population intake of salt/sodium	II. 25%
C. Eligible people receive drug therapy and counselling to prevent heart attacks and strokes	III. 30%
D. Prevalence of insufficient physical activity	IV. 50%

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
2. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
3. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
4. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Correct Answer: 2. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

Solution:

Based on the WHO Global Voluntary NCD Targets (adopted by India):

A. Prevalence of raised blood pressure — 25% reduction (II): Aim: Achieve a 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of hypertension by 2025.

B. Mean population intake of salt/sodium 30% reduction (III): Aim: Achieve a 30% reduction in mean population salt intake to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

C. Eligible people receiving drug therapy and counselling to prevent heart attacks and strokes - 50% (IV): Aim: Ensure 50% of eligible people receive preventive therapy and counselling.

D. Prevalence of insufficient physical activity - 10% reduction (1): Aim: Attain a 10% relative reduction in insufficient physical activity by 2025.
Answer: 2: A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I.

87. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Intervention)	LIST-II (Level of Prevention)
A. Screening for hypertension	I. Primary
B. Provision of callipers after paralytic polio	II. Secondary
C. Chemoprophylaxis for malaria	III. Tertiary
D. Avoidance of antibiotics in common viral infections	IV. Quaternary

Choose the correct answer from the options
given below:

1. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
2. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
3. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
4. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Correct Answer: 2. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Solution:

Based on levels of prevention in public health:

A. Screening for hypertension — Secondary prevention (II): Screening helps in early detection and prompt treatment of disease to prevent complications.

B. Provision of callipers after paralytic polio - Tertiary prevention (III): Rehabilitation measure to reduce disability and improve quality of life.

C. Chemoprophylaxis for malaria - Primary prevention (I): Prevents disease occurrence before exposure or infection.

D. Avoidance of antibiotics in common viral infections — Quaternary prevention (IV): Prevents overmedicalization and protects individuals from unnecessary medical interventions.
Answer: 2: A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV.

88. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

List-I (Term)	List-II (Example)
A. Disability	I. Loss of foot
B. Handicap	II. Accident
C. Disease	III. Unemployed
D. Impairment	IV. Cannot walk

Choose the correct answer from the options
given below:

1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
2. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
4. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II

Correct Answer: 3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Solution:

Based on the WHO's ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) framework:

A. Disability - Cannot walk (IV): Refers to a functional limitation resulting from impairment.

B. Handicap - Unemployed (III): Represents a social disadvantage resulting from disability or impairment.

C. Disease - Accident (II): Refers to a pathological process or cause of impairment.

D. Impairment - Loss of foot (I): Denotes a structural or functional abnormality of the body. Answer: 3: A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I.

89. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

List-I (Approach to Health Education)	List-II (Feature)
A. Health education approach	I. Change in health behaviour through a variety of external controls or laws
B. Primary health care approach	II. Providing all health services needed by people at their doorstep
C. Regulatory approach	III. Full participation and active involvement of people in planning and delivery of health services
D. Service approach	IV. People should be informed, educated and encouraged to make their own choice for a healthy lifestyle

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
2. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Correct Answer: 4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Solution:

Based on the different approaches to Health Education and their characteristic features:

A. Health education approach - People should be informed, educated, and encouraged to make their own choice for a healthy lifestyle (IV): Focuses on empowering individuals through knowledge and motivation to adopt healthy behaviors voluntarily.

B. Primary health care approach - Full participation and active involvement of people in planning and delivery of health services (III): Emphasizes community participation and intersectoral coordination to ensure accessible, equitable health care.

C. Regulatory approach - Change in health behavior through a variety of external controls or laws (I): Relies on legislation, enforcement, or policy measures (e.g., smoking bans, helmet laws).

D. Service approach - Providing all health services needed by people at their doorstep (II): Centers on the delivery of preventive, promotive, and curative services directly to communities. Answer: 4: A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II.

90. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

List-I (Heterogenous Infection Chain)	List-II (Vector-borne diseases)
A. Man - snail - man	I. Fish tape worm
B. Man - cyclops - fish - man	II. Paragonimiasis
C. Man - snail - fish - man	III. Schistosomiasis
D. Man - snail - crab - man	IV. Clonorchis sinesis

Choose the correct answer from the options
given below:

1. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
2. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
4. A-III, B-1, C-IV, D-II

Correct Answer: 4. A-III, B-1, C-IV, D-II

Solution:

Based on heterogeneous infection chains and the vector-borne diseases they represent:

A. Man - snail - man - Schistosomiasis (III): Caused by Schistosoma species; snails act as intermediate hosts releasing cercariaе infective to humans.

B. Man - cyclops - fish - man – Fish tapeworm (I): Caused by Diphyllobothrium latum; cyclops (a crustacean) and fish serve as intermediate hosts.

C. Man - snail - fish - man — Clonorchis sinensis (IV): The Chinese liver fluke uses snails and freshwater fish as intermediate hosts.

D. Man - snail – crab – man - Paragonimiasis (II): Caused by Paragonimus westermani, transmitted through consumption of undercooked crab meat. Answer: 4: A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.