UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Social Work, January-2025

Total Questions: 100

81. Hayne's Plan for wages show that:

4. The standard time required for a job is fixed and the wages are paid on time basis.
1. The differential piece-rate system of wages.
2. The standard time for various jobs is determined first by work study.
3. The multiple piece-rate plan of wages.

Correct Answer: 4. The standard time required for a job is fixed and the wages are paid on time basis.

Solution:

Hayne's Plan is a wage payment system where:

A standard time is fixed for a task based on time-and-motion studies.
Wages are paid on a time basis, regardless of whether the work is completed before or after the standard time.
It encourages consistency rather than speed and is suitable for jobs where quality is more important than output quantity.

Thus, the correct answer is 4: The standard time required for a job is fixed and the wages are paid on time basis.

82. Whose work is considered the foundation of Functionalist theory?

1. Auguste Comte
2. Herbert Spencer
3. Emile Durkheim
4. Charles Cooley

Correct Answer: 3. Emile Durkheim

Solution:

Functionalist theory in sociology finds its roots in the work of Emile Durkheim, who:

Saw society as a system of interrelated parts that function together to maintain stability.
Introduced concepts like social facts, anomie, and collective conscience.
His works such as "The Division of Labour in Society", "Suicide", and "The Elementary Forms of Religious Life" laid the foundation for structural functionalism.
Thus, the correct answer is 3: Emile Durkheim.

83. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.

LIST-I (Title)	LIST-II (Author)
A. Social Policy: An Introduction	I. Jim Ife
B. Human Rights and Social Work: Towards Right-based Practice	II. Jean Dreze and Amartya Sen
C. Political Economy of Hunger	III. Peter Golding
D. Excluding the poor	IV. Richard Titmuss

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
2. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
3. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Correct Answer: 1. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

Solution:

Matching the books with their authors:
A. Social Policy: An Introduction → IV. Richard Titmuss: A foundational work in the field of social policy.

B. Human Rights and Social Work: Towards Rights-based Practice → I. Jim Ife: A key advocate of integrating human rights in social work practice.

C. Political Economy of Hunger → II. Jean Dreze and Amartya Sen: Focused on hunger, poverty, and entitlement theory.

D. Excluding the Poor → III. Peter Golding: Focused on media, communication, and marginalization of the poor.
Thus, the correct answer is 1: A-IV, B-I, С-II, D-III.

84. According to NASW code of ethics, general principles for social workers should strive to:

1. Empowerment of communities
2. Help individuals in distress
3. Eliminate personal and institutional discrimination
4. Create institutional mechanisms for addressing grievances
5. (*)

Correct Answer: 5. (*)

Solution:

Empowerment of communities, 2. Help individuals in distress, 3. Eliminate personal and institutional discrimination, 4. Create institutional mechanisms for addressing grievances:

Here, all 4 options are correct when interpreted in alignment with the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Code of Ethics, though some are more directly stated than others.

Let's examine each in relation to the six core values outlined in the NASW Code: service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationships, integrity, and competence.

1. Empowerment of communities - Directly tied to the value of social justice. Social workers advocate for the empowerment of marginalized communities to gain access to resources and decision-making power. This is a core ethical obligation.

2. Help individuals in distress - Rooted in the value of service. The code explicitly mentions helping people in need and addressing social problems as the primary goal of the profession.

3. Eliminate personal and institutional discrimination - A key tenet of social justice. Social workers are ethically bound to oppose discrimination and work toward the removal of barriers to equity and inclusion.

4. Create institutional mechanisms for addressing grievances - While this is not verbatim in the Code of Ethics as a "general principle", it falls within the broader ethical responsibilities of promoting accountability, advocacy, transparency, and supporting systems that protect the rights and dignity of clients and communities. It aligns with ethical standards regarding responsibilities to broader society and institutions.

Therefore, all four options are justifiable under the NASW Code of Ethics and reflect the spirit and practice of social work ethics. Correct Answer: 1, 2, 3, 4

85. Arrange the following stages of development of a child.

A. Concrete Operation
B. Sensorimotor
C. Preoperational
D. Formal Operations Period
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. В, C, A, D
2. A, В, С, D
3. C, D, А, B
4. D, C, A, B

Correct Answer: 1. В, C, A, D

Solution:

The correct chronological order of Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development in children is:
B. Sensorimotor Stage (Birth-2 years): Learning through physical interaction with the environment.
C. Preoperational Stage (2-7 years): Development of language and symbolic thinking, but still egocentric.
A. Concrete Operational Stage (7-11 years): Logical thinking develops, but limited to concrete concepts.
D. Formal Operational Stage (12 years and above): Abstract and hypothetical thinking emerges.
Thus, the correct order is 1: B, C, A, D.

86. The term 'community action' can be defined as: [It involves grassroots mobilization, collective empowerment, and participatory decisionmaking. Community action often arises in conflict with existing authorities when there are grievances about policy decisions, access to resources, or lack of recognition. This is a key approach in radical or transformative social work. Thus, the correct answer is 1: To work with community groups in conflict with authority.]

1. To work with community groups in conflict with authority.
2. A number of activities are under taken in a systematic manner.
3. A type of activity practiced by people
4. Improving the image of any organization/ agency.

Correct Answer: 1. To work with community groups in conflict with authority.

Solution:

The term "community action" refers to organized efforts by local groups-often
marginalized or underrepresented-to challenge existing structures or authorities and to address issues of social injustice, inequality, or exclusion.

It involves grassroots mobilization, collective empowerment, and participatory decisionmaking.
Community action often arises in conflict with existing authorities when there are grievances about policy decisions, access to resources, or lack of recognition.
This is a key approach in radical or transformative social work.
Thus, the correct answer is 1: To work with community groups in conflict with authority.

87. Arrange the steps of Task Planning Process.

A. Possible alternative task are identified through generating task possibilities
B. An agreement is made
C. Explicitly secured with client
D. Implementation is planned
E. The task is summarized
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. А, B, C, D, E
2. A, B, E, D, C
3. A, C, B, D, E
4. A, D, B, E, C

Correct Answer: 1. А, B, C, D, E

Solution:

The correct sequence of the Task Planning Process in social work is:

A. Possible alternative tasks are identified through generating task possibilities: The process begins by exploring a wide range of options.

B. An agreement is made: Worker and client decide on a course of action.

C. Explicitly secured with client: Consent and commitment from the client is clearly obtained.

D. Implementation is planned: Steps for execution are structured.

E. The task is summarized: A final review is done to ensure mutual understanding. Thus, the correct answer is 1: A, B, C, D, E.

88. According to Koh's primary values of social work are:

A. The worth and dignity of human being
B. Tolerance of Differences
C. Satisfaction of basic human needs
D. Judgemental attitude
E. Self-Direction
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B, C & E only
2. A, B, C & D only
3. A, B, D & E only
4. A, C, D & E only

Correct Answer: 1. A, B, C & E only

Solution:

According to Koh's primary values of social work, the following are key values:

A. The worth and dignity of human being: Central to human rights and professional respect.

B. Tolerance of Differences: Social workers respect diversity and uniqueness of individuals.

C. Satisfaction of basic human needs: Social work promotes access to food, shelter, healthcare, etc.

E. Self-direction: Respect for an individual's right to make their own choices.

D. Judgemental attitude is not a value but rather something social work actively avoids.
Thus, the correct answer is 1: A, B, C & E only.

89. Arrange the steps in process of grounded theory in proper order.

A. Research Questions
B. Coding
C. Testing of Hypothesis
D. Constant comparison
E. Collection of data
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, D, E, В, C
2. А, B, С, D, E
3. A, E, В, D, C
4. A, В, E, D, C

Correct Answer: 3. A, E, В, D, C

Solution:

The correct order of the Grounded Theory process is:
A. Research Questions: A broad research problem is framed.
E. Collection of Data: Data is gathered from participants using interviews, observations, etc.
B. Coding: Data is broken down into concepts and categories.
D. Constant Comparison: Concepts are continuously compared across data sets to find patterns.
C. Testing of Hypothesis: Theoretical ideas are refined and validated through additional data.
Thus, the correct answer is 3: A, E, B, D, C.

90. Who argued that societies are made up of many different groups with different interests, and these groups are often in conflict, not just in economic terms but also through power and authority?

1. Chales Murray
2. John Henry Hutton
3. Dahrendorf
4. Melvin Marvin Tumin

Correct Answer: 3. Dahrendorf

Solution:

Ralf Dahrendorf, a conflict theorist, argued that: Societies are made up of competing interest groups, not just based on economics but also power and authority.

He introduced the concept of "imperatively coordinated associations", which lead to structural conflicts between dominant and subordinate positions.

He built upon Marxist ideas but moved beyond economic determinism to explain conflict in authority structures.
Thus, the correct answer is 3: Dahrendorf.