UGC NTA NET/JRF Exam, Social Work, June-2025

Total Questions: 100

91. Directions (Qs. No. 91-95): Read the following passage and answer the questions:

The Observation Method is the most commonly used method specially in studies relating to behavioural sciences. In a way we all observe things around us, but this sort of observation is not a scientific observation.

Observation becomes a scientific tool and the method of data collection for the researcher, when it serves a formulated research purpose, if systematically planned and recorded and is subjected to checks and controls on validity and reliability.

Under the observation method, the information is sought by way of investigator's own direct observation without asking from the respondent...

The main advantage of this method is that subjective bias is eliminated if observation is done accurately. Secondly, the information obtained relates to what is currently happening.

Reliability is Not associated with which of the following?

Correct Answer: 1. Experience of the researcher only
Solution:

Reliability refers to the consistency and stability of measurement over time or across conditions. It is enhanced through pretesting, pilot studies, and consistent measurement procedures. Merely relying on the experience of the researcher does not guarantee reliability; systematic checks and controls are essential.

92. Triangulation does Not refer to which of the following ......... .

Correct Answer: 3. Use of only three tools
Solution:

Triangulation in research means using multiple tools, theories, or methods to cross-verify findings for greater validity. It is not limited to "only three" tools-the term "triangulation" metaphorically derives from geometry, not a literal count of three.

93. Which method of data collection is more appropriate for avoiding 'subjective bias' while collecting data relating to human behaviour?

Correct Answer: 4. Observation
Solution:

Among data-collection methods for behavioural sciences, observation is the most appropriate for avoiding subjective bias. The passage highlights that accurate observation eliminates subjective bias and provides current, real-time data, unlike interviews or questionnaires which may introduce respondent bias or recall errors.

94. In Qualitative Research, recording related events, artifacts, situations or phenomenon is Not done by which method/tool

Correct Answer: 1. Scale
Solution:

In qualitative research, events, artifacts, and situations are recorded using tools like focused group discussions, field diaries, or interviews, which capture rich, contextual data. A scale is a quantitative measurement tool, not typically used for recording qualitative phenomena.

95. Which is Not a fully structured tool or technique of data collection?

Correct Answer: 2. Interview Guide
Solution:

Fully structured tools include interview schedules, attitude scales, and checklists, which follow fixed formats and standardised questions.

An interview guide is semi-structured or flexible: it provides broad topics or questions but allows probing and open-ended responses. Therefore, it is not a fully structured tool.

96. Directions (Qs. No. 96-100): Read the following passage and answer the questions:

The most frequently encountered necessity to 'work' a relationship occurs with the phenomenon called transference or transference reactions.

To any emotionally charged relationship, each of us bring conscious and unconscious feelings and attitudes that originally arose in or still belong to the earlier important relationships.

For example, in casework with an adolescent girl to help her regarding her career options, the worker listens to the girl's aspirations and dilemmas.

The worker helps her to draw a choice of careers helping her to keep in mind her aptitude as well as preferences and also arranges for her visit to a nearby vocational training centre.

In such a case, what may happen is that the girl may begin to feel towards the worker as she felt towards her mother/grandmother when she was young.

The degree of emotional satisfaction which the client gets from such a relationship is far beyond the realistic limits of the caseworkerclient relationship.

It may be remembered that the client who approaches the agency often feels helpless and inadequate for not being able to tackle his/her own problem.

Due to this, the client is prone to transfer irrational elements into the relationship and want to regress, desiring to have parental nurture and parental domination

Any subjective involvement on the part of the caseworker with the client or client's problem is referred to as

Correct Answer: 2. Counter transference
Solution:

In social casework, counter transference refers to any subjective emotional involvement on the part of the caseworker with the client or the client's problem.

It occurs when the helper's own unconscious feelings and past experiences influence their reactions toward the client.

To remain effective, the worker must be self-aware and manage these personal responses to maintain professional boundaries.

97. An emotionally charged childhood experience may influence the client's behaviour in adulthood and impact the client's professional relationship. What does this refer to?

Correct Answer: 1. Transference
Solution:

The passage explains that an adolescent girl may begin to feel toward the worker as she felt toward her mother or grandmother from childhood. This is the essence of transference:

Transference occurs when a client projects feelings, attitudes, or desires from significant, early relationships onto the caseworker.

It involves emotionally charged childhood experiences influencing adult behaviour and the professional relationship.

The client unconsciously replays past emotional patterns with the helper, seeking parental-like nurture or approval.

98. The caseworker must remain objective throughout the helping relationship and be aware of his/her own feelings. Which is the best answer in the context of the passage above? [ The passage emphasizes that the caseworker must remain objective and aware of their own feelings. Counter transference is the most fitting term: it warns professionals against letting personal emotions and biases distort their judgement or interfere with their work. By recognizing and managing counter transference, caseworkers maintain professionalism and effective support.]

Correct Answer: 2. Counter transference
Solution:

The passage emphasizes that the caseworker must remain objective and aware of their own feelings. Counter transference is the most fitting term: it warns professionals against letting personal emotions and biases distort their judgement or interfere with their work.

By recognizing and managing counter transference, caseworkers maintain professionalism and effective support.

99. Transference reactions are targeted towards

Correct Answer: 4. Case worker
Solution:

Transference reactions are directed toward the caseworker. Clients may unconsciously treat the caseworker as they once treated a parent or significant figure, expecting nurturing or control beyond the professional relationship's realistic limits. This emotional redirection forms the core of transference dynamics in casework.

100. In social casework, which best represents the concept 'regression' from among the following?

Correct Answer: 3. Clients are unable to cope with irrational feelings towards the helper
Solution:

In social casework, regression means. reverting to earlier, less mature behaviours-often seeking parental-like care or displaying dependency when overwhelmed. When clients cannot cope with irrational feelings (e.g., strong emotional needs or frustrations) toward the helper, they may regress to a childlike state, desiring parental nurture or domination, as described in the passage.