Vitamins And Nutrition (Human Anatomy and Physiology) Part-III

Total Questions: 30

21. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]

List-I (molecules)List-II (elements present)
A. Vitamin B₁₂1. Magnesium
B. Haemoglobin2. Cobalt
C. Chlorophyll3. Copper
D. Brass4. Iron

Code:

CodeABCD
(a)2413
(b)2134
(c)4123
(d)3421
Correct Answer: (a)
Solution:The Correctly matched list is as follows:
  • Vitamin B₁₂ - Cobalt
  • Haemoglobin - Iron
  • Chlorophyll - Magnesium
  • Brass - Copper

22. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011]

List-I (molecules)List-II (elements present)
A. Vitamin B₁₂1. Magnesium
B. Haemoglobin2. Cobalt
C. Chlorophyll3. Copper
D. Chalcopyrite4. Iron

Code:

CodeABCD
(a)2413
(b)2134
(c)4123
(d)3421
Correct Answer: (a)
Solution:The Correctly matched list is as follows:
  • Vitamin B₁₂ - Cobalt
  • Haemoglobin - Iron
  • Chlorophyll - Magnesium
  • Chalcopyrite - Copper

23. Match List-I and List-II and find the correct answer from the codes given below: [U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]

below:

List-IList-II
A. Vitamin B₁1. Cobalamin
B. Vitamin B₂2. Calciferol
C. Vitamin B₆3. Riboflavin
D. Vitamin B₁₂4. Thymine
5. Pyridoxine

Code:

CodeABCD
(a)2354
(b)4351
(c)1234
(d)4321
Correct Answer: (b)
Solution:The list of vitamins and their names is as follows :
  • Vitamin A - Retinol
  • Vitamin B₁ - Thiamin
  • Vitamin B₂ - Riboflavin
  • Vitamin B₃ - Niacin
  • Vitamin B₅ - Pantothenic acid
  • Vitamin B₆ - Pyridoxine
  • Vitamin B₇ - Biotin
  • Vitamin B₉ - Folic acid
  • Vitamin B₁₂ - Cobalamin
  • Vitamin C - Ascorbic acid
  • Vitamin D - Calciferol
  • Vitamin E - Tocopherol
  • Vitamin K - Napthoquinone

24. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched? [U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]

Correct Answer: (b) Vitamin B₂ - Riboflavin
Solution:The list of vitamins and their names is as follows :
  • Vitamin A - Retinol
  • Vitamin B₁ - Thiamin
  • Vitamin B₂ - Riboflavin
  • Vitamin B₃ - Niacin
  • Vitamin B₅ - Pantothenic acid
  • Vitamin B₆ - Pyridoxine
  • Vitamin B₇ - Biotin
  • Vitamin B₉ - Folic acid
  • Vitamin B₁₂ - Cobalamin
  • Vitamin C - Ascorbic acid
  • Vitamin D - Calciferol
  • Vitamin E - Tocopherol
  • Vitamin K - Napthoquinone

25. Which one is not micronutrient? [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2014]

Correct Answer: (c) Sulphur
Solution:Micronutrients are nutrients required by organisms throughout life in small quantities to regulate a range of physiological functions. The micronutrients include iron, boron, copper, chloride, manganese, nickel, zinc, and molybdenum, while sulphur, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus are macronutrients.

26. Which is the main vitamin found in Papaya? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]

Correct Answer: (b) Vitamin 'C'
Solution:Christopher Columbus called papaya "The fruit of the angel". The main vitamin found in Papaya is vitamin C. One medium size (200 gm) papaya contains about 226 mg vitamin C - that is two to three times more than our recommended daily dose, and it is also a good source of folate, fibre, vitamin A, magnesium, potassium, copper and pantothenic acid.

27. Which one of the following is not a natural source of Vitamin A? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]

Correct Answer: (d) Milk
Solution:Mango, papaya, and carrot are the natural sources of vitamin A, while milk is not a natural source of vitamin A. Milk contains very small amount of vitamin A.

28. Which one of the following does not denature a protein? [U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]

Correct Answer: (b) Infrared rays
Solution:Heat, X-rays, heavy metal salts, etc., denature a protein, whereas infrared rays do not. Protein denaturation refers to the disruption of a protein's native conformation, often involving the breaking of hydrogen bonds, disulfide bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.

This leads to a loss of the protein's functional activity and can alter its physical properties.

Heat denatures proteins by increasing the kinetic energy of the molecules, causing them to vibrate more vigorously and disrupt their bonds. The extent of denaturation depends on the temperature and duration of exposure.

X-rays can also denature proteins by ionizing water molecules and creating reactive oxygen species, which can damage protein structures.

Heavy metal ions like Hg2⁺, Pb2⁺, and Ag⁺ can interact with the amino acid side chains of proteins, disrupting their bonds and causing denaturation.

Infrared radiation generally does not cause denaturation. While it can affect molecular vibrations and potentially influence protein stability, it typically doesn't disrupt the strong bonds that hold proteins in their native conformation. Some studies have even shown that IR can protect proteins from surface denaturation.

29. Choose wrong statement regarding proteins : [Rajasthan P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (c) About 30 percent of our body weight comes from proteins.
Solution:

Proteins are called building blocks of our body. As per the NCERT, about 20 percent of our body weight comes from proteins. Proteins are essential for growth and repair of muscles and other body tissues.

Proteins are made of amino acids that contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. We obtain proteins from animal as well as vegetable sources. Proteins of animal origin are found in milk, eggs, cheese, fish, and meat.

Proteins from these sources contain all the essential amino acids (EAA) in adequate amounts. Vegetable proteins are found in pulses (legumes), cereals, beans, nuts, oilseeds, etc.

30. Protein requirement of young and old person are [U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) Higher in the old and lower in the young
Solution:Elderly individuals are more likely to be influenced by various biological, environmental, and social factors. This would result to increase protein needs for adults as compared to younger one. Thus in practice, the protein needs of elderly people are probably higher than that for the young.