Water Conservation (Part-II)

Total Questions: 50

41. When was National Disaster Management Authority formed? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(a) 2006
(b) 2008
(c) 2011
(d) 2005

Correct Answer: (d) 2005

Solution:NDMA was notified on September 27, 2006 through DM Act, 2005. On 23 December 2005, the Government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act, which envisaged the creation of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed by the Prime Minister, and State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) headed by respective Chief Ministers, to spearhead and implement a holistic and integrated approach to Disaster Management in India. NDMA, as the apex body, is mandated to lay down the policies, plans and guidelines for Disaster Management to ensure timely and effective response to disasters.

42. District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) is headed by- [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) District Magistrate
(b) District Collector
(c) Any of them as the case may be
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (c) Any of them as the case may be

Solution:The District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) is headed by district collector or district magistrate. Thus district Disaster Management Authority in Jharkhand is headed by the District Magistrate or District Collector. So, option (c) is the correct answer.

43. Where is the National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) located? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Nagpur
(b) New Delhi
(c) Hyderabad
(d) Pune

Correct Answer: (b) New Delhi

Solution:National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) is located in New Delhi. It was founded in 1995. The National Disaster Management Institute was established under the Disaster Management Act, 2005.

44. Functions of Development of Disaster Management Knowledge-cum-Demonstration Center (SRIJAN) are: [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Creating knowledge-cum-demonstration centres
(b) Creating awareness
(c) Providing local need-based information
(d) All the above

Correct Answer: (d) All the above

Solution:The major function of the Development of Disaster Management-cum-Demonstration Centre (SRIJAN) is to spread awareness among the community and people towards various types of potential disasters. SRIJAN has been developed and designed for disasters like - drought, flood, forest fire etc. These centres will work as a major centre for spreading local need-based information, communication and technology equipment.

45. Section of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 empowers Governor of a State to establish a State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA). [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Section 14(1)
(b) Section 15
(c) Section 16
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (a) Section 14(1)

Solution:Section 14(1) of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 empowers Governor of a State to establish State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA). In each state, after the notification under Section 3(1) of this Act, the Governor shall establish the State Disaster Management Authority.

46. Which of the following statements are true? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]

1. Natural disasters cause maximum damage in developing countries.

2. Bhopal gas tragedy was man-made.

3. India is a disaster-free country.

4. Mangroves reduce the impact of cyclones.

Select the correct answer from codes given below:

(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 4

Solution:India is a land prone to many kinds of disasters, both natural and man-made. Droughts, floods, earthquakes, cyclones, avalanches etc are some of the many examples of disasters in India. Floods are the most common natural disaster in India. The heavy southwest monsoon rain causes the Brahmaputra and other rivers to extend their banks often flooding the surrounding area. Note: In the Hindi version of the question, the meaning of the option (c) as per the statement becomes, "India is a disaster- prone country." Hence none of the given options become wrong. Hence the Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission has removed the questions from evaluation.

47. Which of the following is post disaster measure? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(a) Zoning
(b) Reconstruction
(c) Planning and Policies
(d) Early warning

Correct Answer: (b) Reconstruction

Solution:Disaster Management consists of five main phases: prevention, preparedness, response, mitigation and recovery. Reconstruction, recovery and response are post disaster measures. While prevention, mitigation and preparedness are pre disaster measures.

48. Which one of the following has been recognized as a Mega diverse country? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) (Re Exam.) 2015]

(a) New Zealand
(b) Australia
(c) Nepal
(d) Austria

Correct Answer: (b) Australia

Solution:Mega diverse countries is a term used to refer to the world's top biodiversity rich countries. The identified Mega diverse countries are U.S.A., Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Brazil, Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa, Madagascar, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, China and Australia.

49. Which one of the following is the evergreen fruit plant? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

(a) Apple
(b) Almond
(c) Peach
(d) Loquat

Correct Answer: (d) Loquat

Solution:Loquat is an evergreen fruit plant, mostly found in Japan.

50. Weather monitoring device SODAR is established at ____________. [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]

(a) Jaipur
(b) Cuttak
(c) Chandigarh
(d) Kaiga and Kalpakkam

Correct Answer: (d) Kaiga and Kalpakkam

Solution:SODAR (Sonic Detection and Ranging) is a meteorological instrument used as a wind profiler to measure the scattering of sound waves by atmospheric turbulence. SODAR systems are used to measure wind speed at various heights above the ground. In India, SODAR is established at Kaiga, Kalpakkam, Tarapur and Trombey.

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