World Panorama (UPSC) Part-II

• The World Wide Web is commonly abbreviated as WWW or W3 or the Web. The World Wide Web is a system of interconnected web pages that are surfed through the Internet, and we can access information through them.

• The World Wide Web is not the same as the Internet. It is a collection of web pages that are built on top of the Internet.

• The World Wide Web gives a wide variety of information related to any topic. These pieces of information are linked to each other by hyperlinks. Hypertext enables the user to access all the pieces of information related to any topic by sensing that topic, keyword, or phrase.

About Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
• It is the second largest intergovernmental organisation after the United Nations, with the membership of 57 states, covering four continents.
• It was established upon a decision of the historic summit, which took place in Rabat, Kingdom of Morocco on 25 September 1969.
• It aims to preserve Islamic values, safeguard and defend the national sovereignty and independence of member states, and contribute to international peace and security.
• The OIC is the collective voice of the Muslim world to ensure and safeguard their interest in economic, social, and political areas.
• Its official languages are Arabic, English, and French.

The Nobel Prize, established by Swedish inventor and philanthropist Alfred Nobel, is the world’s most prestigious recognition of excellence in fields that advance human progress, which are Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences. Instituted through Nobel’s will in 1895, the awards honour individuals and organisations whose work has made the “greatest benefit to humankind.”

First presented in 1901, the Nobel Prizes symbolise intellectual achievement, humanitarian service, and the pursuit of global peace. From Albert Einstein’s breakthroughs in physics to Mother Teresa’s humanitarian mission, these laureates represent the spirit of innovation and compassion that the Nobel envisioned. Over the decades, the Nobel Prizes have not only celebrated outstanding contributions but have also inspired generations toward knowledge, peace, and the betterment of humanity.

The Nobel Prize, established by Swedish inventor and philanthropist Alfred Nobel, is the world’s most prestigious recognition of excellence in fields that advance human progress, which are Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences. Instituted through Nobel’s will in 1895, the awards honour individuals and organisations whose work has made the “greatest benefit to humankind.”

First presented in 1901, the Nobel Prizes symbolise intellectual achievement, humanitarian service, and the pursuit of global peace. From Albert Einstein’s breakthroughs in physics to Mother Teresa’s humanitarian mission, these laureates represent the spirit of innovation and compassion that the Nobel envisioned. Over the decades, the Nobel Prizes have not only celebrated outstanding contributions but have also inspired generations toward knowledge, peace, and the betterment of humanity.

Important Facts about India’s Power Sector

• India is the third-largest producer and consumer of electricity worldwide, with an installed power capacity of 442.85 GW as of April 30, 2024.
• Growing population along with increasing electrification and per-capita usage will provide further impetus. Power consumption in India in FY23 logged a 9.5% growth to 1,503.65 billion units (BU).
• India has committed to augment non fossil fuel based installed electricity generation capacity to over 5,00,000 MW by 2031-32.
• 100% FDI allowed in the power sector has boosted FDI inflow in this sector.
• Schemes such as Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY) and Integrated Power Development Scheme (IPDS) are expected to augment electrification across the country.
• Cabinet approves PM-Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana for installing rooftop solar in One Crore households.
• As per the National Infrastructure Pipeline 2019-25, energy sector projects accounted for the highest share (24%) out of the total expected capital expenditure of Rs. 111 lakh crore (US$ 1.4 trillion).
• Total FDI inflows in the power sector reached US$ 18.28 billion between April 2000-March 2024.
• India’s power sector is expected to attract investment worth Rs. 17 lakh crore (US$ 205.31 billion) in next 5-7 years.

Ogaden is a vast, semi-arid plateau region in eastern Ethiopia, forming a large part of the modern Somali Regional State. It is home to a predominantly Somali-speaking population of nomadic pastoralists and is known for its complex history of territorial disputes, conflict, and significant natural resources.

• The Ogaden Basin contains substantial oil and natural gas reserves. Development has been historically hindered by instability and security concerns, such as the 2007 Abole oil field raid.
• Most inhabitants are nomadic pastoralists, though government initiatives have encouraged some to transition into agro-pastoralism.
• The region includes landmarks such as the Yangudi Rassa National Park and the Harar Wildlife Sanctuary.