World Panorama (UPSC) Part-III

Total Questions: 50

31. With reference to the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC), consider the following statements: [2016-1]

1. IMFC discusses matters of concern affecting the global economy, and advises the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on the direction of its work.

2. The World Bank participates as observer in IMFC's meetings

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Solution:(i) The IMFC advises and reports to the IMF Board
of Governors on the supervision and management of the International Monetary and Financial System. It also considers proposals by the Executive Board to amend the Articles of Agreement and advises on any other matters that may be referred to it by the Board of Governors. A number of international institutions, including the World Bank, participate as observers in the IMFC's meetings.
(ii) Both statements are right as per the official IMF page: April 5, 2016.

32. India's ranking in the 'Ease of Doing Business Index' is sometimes seen in the news. Which of the following has declared that ranking? [2016-11]

Correct Answer: (c) World Bank
Solution:The ease of doing business index is an index created by the World Bank Group. It is an annual report on the state of health of economies based on detailed diagnostics not of the relatively more visible features (such as growth) and various macro-economic parameters (such as the public debt) but of underlying and embedded characteristics.

33. Which of the following is/are the indicator/indicators used by IFPRI to compute the Global Hunger Index Report? [2016-1]

1. Under-nourishment

2. Childstunting

3. Childmortality

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Correct Answer: (c) 1, 2 & 3
Solution:Four Indicators are undernourished population, wasting in Under 5 children; wasting is very low weight for height i.e very thin child; Stunting in under 5 children; stunting is very low height for age i.e. very short child; Under 5 mortality rate.

• The GHI is a peer-reviewed annual publication designed to comprehensively measure and track hunger at global, regional and national levels, reflecting multiple dimensions of hunger over time.
• Created in 2006, the GHI was initially published by the US-based International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and Germany-based Welthungerhilfe. In 2007, the Irish NGO Concern Worldwide also became a co-publisher.
• In 2018, IFPRI withdrew from the project and the GHI became a joint project of Welthungerhilfe and Concern Worldwide.
• The GHI is intended to –

  • Raise awareness and understanding of the struggle against hunger,
  • Provide a way to compare levels of hunger between countries and regions, and
  • Call attention to those areas of the world where hunger levels are highest and where the need for additional efforts to eliminate hunger is greatest.

34. Consider the following statements: [2016-I]

The India-Africa Summit

1. held in 2015 was the third such Summit

2. was actually initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (a) I only
Solution:1st statement is right: Third India-Africa Forum Summit was held in New Delhi (India) in from from 26-30 October 2015 under the theme: "Partners in Progress: Towards a Dynamic and Transformative Development Agenda"
2nd statement is wrong: because First Summit was held in New Delhi in April 2008. Therefore, it can't be Nehru's brainchild.

35. 'Doctors Without Borders (Medecins Sans Frontieres)', often in the news, is [2016-I]

Correct Answer: (a) a non-governmental international organization
Solution:

• Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) or Doctors without Borders is a Non-governmental organisation.
• It was founded on 20 December 1971.
• The international humanitarian medical aid organisation works in 69 countries.
• MSF has no real “headquarters.” Although the organization was established in France.
• It has grown into an international association with 24 independent sections worldwide. It serves populations affected by epidemics, armed conflicts, natural calamities, and manmade disasters.
• It delivers health care to some of the most deprived peoples on the planet.
• In India, Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) works to fill gaps in health care for the most marginalized and vulnerable people, including victims of sexual violence and patients with infectious diseases.

36. Which of the following is not a member of 'Gulf Cooperation Council? [2016-I]

Correct Answer: (a) Iran
Solution:

About Gulf Cooperation Council

  • It is a regional political and economic alliance established in 1981.
  • Member countries: It comprises Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
  • Objective: To foster economic, security, cultural, and social cooperation among its members.
  • Background: It was formed in response to escalating regional tensions, particularly the Iranian Revolution (1979) and the Iran-Iraq War (1980–1988).
  • Headquarters: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia..

37. 'Belt and Road Initiative' is sometimes mentioned in the news in the context of the affairs of [2016-I]

Correct Answer: (d) China
Solution:The Belt and Road (abbreviated B & R), One Belt, One Road (abbreviated OBOR) or the Belt and Road Initiative is a development strategy and framework, proposed by Chinese paramount leader Xi Jinping that focuses on connectivity and cooperation among countries primarily between the People's Republic of China and the rest of Eurasia.

38. Consider the following pairs: Community sometimes in the affairs of mentioned in the news [2016-I]

List-IList-II
1. KurdBangladesh
2. MadhesiNepal
3. RohingyaMyanmar

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Correct Answer: (c) 2 and 3
Solution:The Kurds are an ethnic group in the Middle East Asia. The Madhesi, also referred to as Teraibasi Nepali are an indigenous ethnic group of Nepalese people who are natives of the Madhesh plains of Southern Nepal in Terai belt of South Asia. The Rohingya people, are Muslim Indo-Aryan peoples from the Rakhine State, Myanmar.

39. With reference to 'Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)', consider the following statements: [2016-I]

1. It is an organization of European Union in working relation with NATO and WHO.

2. It monitors chemical industry to prevent new weapons from emerging. 3. It provides assistance and protection to States (Parties) against chemical weapons threats.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Solution:(i) The OPCW Member States share the collective goal of monitoring chemical industry to prevent new weapons from re-emerging; providing assistance and protection to States Parties against chemical threats; and fostering international cooperation to strengthen implementation of the Convention and promote the peaceful use of chemistry.
(ii) It won Nobel Peace prize in 2013. There is no specific mention of its association with EU, NATO or WTO on the official website of OPCW. Therefore, statement 1 is wrong. By elimination of all options with statement 1, we are left with answer (b).

40. With reference to 'Asia Pacific Ministerial Conference on Housing and Urban Development (APMCHUD)', consider the following statements: [2017-I]

1. The first APMCHUD was held in India in 2006 on the theme 'Emerging Urban Forms Policy Responses and Governance Structure'.

2. India hosts all the Annual Ministerial Conferences in partnership with ADB, APEC and ASEAN.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution:First statement is wrong because Official website says 2006's theme was "A Vision for Sustainable Urbanization in the Asia-Pacific by 2020". Besides, since 2016's summit's theme was emerging urban forms and it's a biennial event as per PTI, so both statements are wrong.