ZOOLOGY MISCELLANEOUS (Part-II)

11. The chemical component that is invariably found in all viruses is— [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 11.09.2016 (Shift-III)]

(a) proteins
(b) lipids
(c) DNA
(d) RNA

Correct Answer: (a) proteins

Solution:All viruses contain the following two components: a nucleic acid genome (DNA or RNA) and a protein capsid that covers the genome. Together this is called the nucleocapsid. The proteinous coat surrounds and protects the genetic material.

12. Which among the following is an endothermic reaction? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 8.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Respiration
(b) Combustion
(c) Sweating
(d) Burning natural gas

Correct Answer: (c) Sweating

Solution:Sweating reduces skin temperature because the sweat that is secreted to the skin evaporates, which is an endothermic process. Thus, heat is absorbed from the body and skin to drive the evaporation of the sweat on the skin.

13. Which of the following is a non-essential life process? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 13.02.2019 (Shift-II)]

(a) Excretion
(b) Transmission
(c) Nutrition
(d) reproduction

Correct Answer: (b) Transmission

Solution:All of them are essential life processes except reproduction. Reproduction is essential for maintenance of individuals of species over generations.

14. Which of the following is an excretory organ of cockroach? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 21.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Malpighian Tubules
(b) Nephridia
(c) Coxal Gland
(d) Green Gland

Correct Answer: (a) Malpighian Tubules

Solution:Excretion and osmoregulation are brought about by Malpighian tubules that open into the ileum in cockroaches. The tubules that are lined by glandular, cuboidal, brush-bordered cells extract nitrogenous waste from the hemolymph and discharge it into the ileum as uric acid (uricotelism).

15. How many legs does an insect have? [S.S.C. Online Stenographer 14.09.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 6

Correct Answer: (d) 6

Solution:All insects have six legs (three pairs of jointed legs) and usually four wings (two pairs). The abdomen is the back part of the insect. Inside the abdomen is the stomach, the heart, and the excretory system where body wastes pass out of the insect. Bees also have a stinger at the back of the abdomen.

16. Muscles get tired when there is shortfall of [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 2.02.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Lactic acid
(b) Na+ ions
(c) ATP
(d) Sulphates

Correct Answer: (c) ATP

Solution:Muscles get tired when there is a shortfall of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate). Muscle fatigue refers to the decreasing ability of muscles to contract, generating force. Muscle fatigue can be the result of anaerobic respiration. During power exercises such as sprinting, when the rate of demand for energy is high, glucose is broken down and oxidized to pyruvate, and lactate is produced from the pyruvate faster than the tissues can remove it due to insufficient oxygen, so lactate concentration begins to rise.

17. Which of the following organisms is considered to be both living and non-living? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 25.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Bacteria
(b) Fungi
(c) Algae
(d) Virus

Correct Answer: (d) Virus

Solution:Viruses are considered to be the link between living and non-living, as it has characteristics of both. For example, the presence of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA), multiplication inside a living cell are characteristics of its survival. And accumulation in the form of crystals kept outside the cell and lack of cellular organization are the symptoms of its non-living.

18. Match the following— [C.P.O. S.I. 5.06.2016 (Shift-II)]

Shift-I	Shift-II
(A) Ascorbic acid	(1) Photosynthetic pigments
(B) Chlorophyll	(2) Quencher
(C) Carotenoids	(3) Enzyme
(D) Super-oxide dismutase	(4) Vitamin-C

	A	B	C	D
(a)	4	1	3	2
(b)	4	2	1	3
(c)	4	1	2	3
(d)	2	4	1	3

Correct Answer: (c)

Solution:The correct match is—

Shift-I	Shift-II
Ascorbic acid	Vitamin C
Chlorophyll	Photosynthesis pigments
Carotenoids	Quencher
Superoxide dismutase	Enzymes

19. _______ is the ability of a single cell to produce a fertile, adult individual. [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 17.08.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Mutation
(b) Cloning
(c) Totipotency
(d) Pluripotency

Correct Answer: (c) Totipotency

Solution:Totipotency is the ability of a single cell to produce all differentiated cells. Spores and zygotes are examples of totipotent cells.

20. Which of the following popular kitchen ingredients is called the ‘sugar eating fungus’? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 17.08.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Yeast
(b) Vinegar
(c) Baking powder
(d) Ketchup

Correct Answer: (a) Yeast

Solution:The sugars used for the manufacture of food items such as bread, cakes etc. are yeast. It is a single-celled organism, which belongs to the Fungus Kingdom according to the 5 kingdom system.