SOIL

Cattle grazing is not responsible for soil formation. Soil forms layers or horizons, roughly parallel to the earth's surface, in response to five soil-forming factors. The whole soil, from the surface to its lowest depths, develops naturally due to these five factors. The five factors are: 1) parent material, 2) relief or topography, 3) organisms (including humans), 4) climate, and 5) time.

The alluvial soil is spread over the vast plains from Punjab to Assam as well as in the Narmada, Tapti, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri valleys. Alluvial soil is spread over the maximum area of India. It covers about 15 lakh sq km of the country. (about 40%) spread over the area.

The alluvial soil is spread over the vast plains from Punjab to Assam as well as in the Narmada, Tapti, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri valleys. Alluvial soil is spread over the maximum area of India. It covers about 15 lakh sq km of the country. (about 40%) spread over the area.

Alluvial soil is abundant in the northern plains and the river valleys. It covers about 40 per cent of the total area of the country. It contains depositional soils, transported and deposited by rivers and streams. Through a narrow corridor in Rajasthan, it extends into the plains of Gujarat.

Alluvial soil is abundant in the northern plains and the river valleys. It covers about 40 per cent of the total area of the country. It contains depositional soils, transported and deposited by rivers and streams. Through a narrow corridor in Rajasthan, it extends into the plains of Gujarat.

The entire northern plains contains alluvial soil because the plains of the north are irrigated by three main Himalayan rivers: Indus, Brahmaputra and Ganga

Acidic nature of soil is shown by high concentration of hydrogen. Soil pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of soil and is determined by the concentra- tion of hydrogen ions in the soil solution. Soils with a pH lower than 7 are considered acidic, while soils with a pH higher than 7 are considered alkaline.