AGRICULTURE

Sikkim has become India's first state to adopt fully organic farming by undertaking organic processes on its total cultivable land. Under complete organic farming, chemical pesticides or fertilisers are not used for agriculture in the state.

Terraced farming is a common method of cultivation on hill slopes. Under this method, soil erosion is prevented by reducing the intensity of the slope.

The Arabica cultivar of Mamapane coffee is grown in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Odisha, while that of coffee of Rosta variety is not grown in Odisha. According to the 2020-21 data released by the Coffee Board, the top coffee-producing state in the country was Karnataka (235500 MT(Metric Tons)). Kerala (69100 MT) ranks second and Tamil Nadu (17900 MT) third in total coffee production. The production of the Robusta variety in the year 2020-21 (Final Estimate) is 162500 MT in Karnataka, 67280 MT in Kerala, and 5100 MT in Tamil Nadu, while its figure is zero.

Drip irrigation is the process of delivering small amounts of water to the roots of plants, either from the surface or below the surface. With this type of irrigation, the loss of water and nutrients in the soil is reduced and they are preserved.

There are primarily two types of coffee grown in India. These are Arabica and Robusta. Arabica is a variety of coffee beans (beans) produced primarily in South India. Arabica coffee beans have a higher market value than robusta beans due to their higher aromaticity.

Shifting agriculture is also known as 'Jhum' in Northeast India. Jhum cultivation is known as "milpa' in Mexico and Central America, "conuco" in Venezuela, 'roca" in Brazil, "ladang in Indonesia, and 'ray' in Vietnam.

Oolong is a type of tea. This tea is produced from the Camellia sinensis plant. It contains active ingredients called polyphenols.

Terrace farming is done on mountainous land. In mountainous regions, small step-shaped fields are developed on the mountains' slopes, which help prevent soil erosion and rainwater from flowing .

High soil cation exchange capacity is not responsible for the loss of fertility of agricultural land, while the other three factors are responsible for the loss of fertility of agricultural land.

Karnataka was the leader in both production and area (sown) of the sunflower when the question was asked in the question paper. As per the year 2020- 21 (Fourth Advance Estimates), the top 3 sunflower- producing states in India are Karnataka, Haryana, and Odisha.