दिल्ली अधीनस्थ सेवा चयन बोर्ड परीक्षा, 2023 PGT बागवानी 22-06-2023 (Shift – I)

The average body temperature stays about the same. It needs energy to perform its tasks effectively. Similar to combustion oxidation is the method by which this energy is obtained. The combustion of food results in the generation of mild heart energy that satisfies the human body's exact temperature requirements. (1) ........ . The brain's temperature centre is responsible for maintaining the body's temperature. There are three parts to this centre: a) a control centre that regulates body temperature; b) a heating centre that raises the blood's temperature as if falls; c) a centre for cooling that keeps the blood cool when the temperature rises. We tremble when the blood temperature drops too low. (2) ......... .

A. The body then produces more heat automatically to control the situation.

B. Human body generates about 2,500 calories of heat energy.

C. Because they provide the energy needed to keep the body warm, carbohydrates are very important for the body.

D. Human body maintains an optimum range of temperature for its functioning.

India's diesel-electric submarines are still lying in Severodvinsk in Russia ......... after a major refit due to Western sanctions on Russia post the Ukraine war. The plan now is to sail one of the submarines to a Norwegian port in February and then ferry it ......... ship to Mumbai.

I have to wake up early in order to catch a flight. So, I better beat the sack.

It is better to reap the benefits of a favourable situation than to wander aimlessly in the fields.

Inference : Chinese sculpture

1. King Zheng was the first person to rule China's entire region. In 221 BC, he conquered the entire land and ruled for eleven years. He was hailed as the First Emperor when he passed away in 210 BC, It was said that he conquered the world with an army of one million armoured soldiers, one thousand chariots, and ten thousand horses.

2. His people couldn't imagine any more land outside of his kingdom because it was so big. In the centre of China, Zheng was buried beneath a massive mound near his capital, Chang'an. The Great Wall of China was built, a grand royal palace was built, and thousands of literary and philosophical works were destroyed in the infamous Burning of the Books during his reign.

3. A life-size terracotta or clay model army was buried at a nearby place. Even though Zheng's stories said this army was smaller, it was still very big. It had 1,400 charioteers and cavalrymen 6,00 foot soldiers, and even a command unit. Each individual clay model may have depicted a real man. In 1974, the terracotta army was discovered.

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Colour in birds is caused by pigments and structure. Buffs, red browns, dark browns, and blacks are caused by melanins, pigments synthesised by the bird and laid down in granules. Yellows, oranges and reds come from carotenoid or lipochrome pigments; these originate at least in part from the food and are diffused in the skin and feathers. Porphyrin feather pigments occur in birds but less frequently than melanins and carotenoids, Blue colours in feathers are structural, based on a thin, porous layer of keratin overlying melanin pigment. Most greens result from the addition of yellow pigment to the structural blue colour. Iridescent colours result from the thinly laminated structure of the barbules and are benhanced by underlying melanin deposits. Birds' feet are he covered with scales like those of reptiles. The scales are occasionally shed, but the timing of this molt is not known. The toes are tipped with claws, and vestigial claws are not infrequently found on the tips of the first two digits of the wing. The bill is covered with a sheet of keratin, the rhamphotheca, which in petrels and a few other birds is divided into plates. In birds that probe for food (kiwis, woodcocks, etc.), many sensory pores are found near the tip of the bill. Both, melanins and carotenoids are found in the rhamphotheca and in the scales of the feet. The skin of a bird is almost without glands. The important exception is the preen gland, which lies on the rump at the base of the tail. The secretion of this gland contains approximately one-half lipids (fats and oils) and is probably important in dressing and waterproofing the plumage. In a few birds, the secretion has a strong, offensive odour. Some birds, in which the gland is small or absent, have a specialised type of feather (powder down) that grows continuously and breaks down into a fine powder, believed to be used in dressing the plumage.

The word 'rhampotheca' means: