Agriculture and Allied Sectors (Part

Total Questions: 50

21. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer- [U.P.S.C (Pre)]

List - I	List - II
A. Land allotted to big feudal landlords	1. Jagirdari System
B. Land allocated to each peasant with the right	2. Ryotwari System
C. Land allocated to each peasant with the right to sublet, mortgage, gift or sell	3. Mahalwari System
D. Revenue settlement made at village level	4. Zamindari System

Codes :

	A	B	C	D
(a)	1	3	2	4
(b)	1	4	2	3
(c)	3	4	1	2
(d)	2	1	3	4

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:The correctly matched lists are as follows :

List - I	List - II
A. Land allotted to big feudal landlords	Jagirdari System
B. Land allocated to revenue farmers or rent collectors	Zamindari System
C. Land allocated to each peasant with the right to sublet, mortgage, gift or sell	Ryotwari System
D. Revenue settlement made at village	Mahalwari System

22. The substitution of steel for wooden ploughs in agricultural production is an example of : [U.P.S.C (Pre) 2015]

(a) labour - augmenting technological progress
(b) Capital-augmenting technological progress
(c) Capital - reducing technological progress
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (b) Capital-augmenting technological progress

Solution:In the economic context, 'capital' means capital goods or machinery which is used to produce other goods. The substitution of steel for wooden ploughs in agricultural production can be considered as the substitution of a lesser machine by a better machine which encourages production of steel. Therefore, it is a capital-augmenting technological progress.

23. The share of agriculture and allied sectors in the Gross Domestic Product of India is : [B.P.S.C (Pre) 2008]

(a) 22 percent
(b) 80 percent
(c) 33 percent
(d) 15 percent

Correct Answer: (d) 15 percent

Solution:In the year 2008-09 (when the question was asked), the share of agriculture and allied sectors in the Gross Domestic Product of India was about 15%. As per the Second Ad- vance Estimates of National Income, 2023-24 and First Re- vised Estimates of National Income, 2022-23 (released on 29th February, 2024), the share of agriculture and allied sec- tor (agriculture, forestry and fishing) in GVA (at current basic prices) is estimated at 17.6% in 2023-24 (2nd A.E.) whereas for the year 2022-23 (1st R.E.), it is estimated at 18.2%.

24. Share of agriculture in National income of India is around [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2013]

(a) 20 %
(b) 25 %
(c) 30 %
(d) 35 %
(e) 15 %

Correct Answer: (e) 15 %

Solution:In this question, the financial year for which the share of agriculture in National Income has been asked, is not mentioned, and at the same time it is also not clear that the contribution has been asked at constant prices or at current prices. The contribution of agriculture in the GDP at current prices in the year 2012-13 was at 15.10% whereas at constant prices it was at 11.85%. As per the Second Advance Estimates of National Income, 2023-24 and First Revised Estimates of National Income, 2022-23(released on 29th February, 2024) agriculture and allied sector activities (agriculture, forestry and fishing ) at current basic prices accounts for approximately 20.4 percent of the country's Gross Value Added (GVA) for the year 2020-21 (3rd R.E) and 18.3 percent of the GVA for the year 2019-20. The share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has decreased to 18.9 percent in 2021-22 (2nd R.E.) and 18.2 percent in 2022-23 (1st R.E.) In 2023-24 (2nd R.E. ) the share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has again decreased to 17.6 percent.

25. The contribution of agriculture at present in National G.D.P. is approximately : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]

(a) 18%
(b) 23%
(c) 25%
(d) 28%
(e) 14.1%

Correct Answer: (e) 14.1%

Solution:According to Economic Survey 2012-13, the share of agriculture and allied sectors in national GDP in the year 2011-12 was at 14.1%. For recent scenario, In this question, the financial year for which the share of agriculture in National Income has been asked, is not mentioned, and at the same time it is also not clear that the contribution has been asked at constant prices or at current prices. The contribution of agriculture in the GDP at current prices in the year 2012-13 was at 15.10% whereas at constant prices it was at 11.85%. As per the Second Advance Estimates of National Income, 2023-24 and First Revised Estimates of National Income, 2022-23(released on 29th February, 2024) agriculture and allied sector activities (agriculture, forestry and fishing ) at current basic prices accounts for approximately 20.4 percent of the country's Gross Value Added (GVA) for the year 2020-21 (3rd R.E) and 18.3 percent of the GVA for the year 2019-20. The share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has decreased to 18.9 percent in 2021-22 (2nd R.E.) and 18.2 percent in 2022-23 (1st R.E.) In 2023-24 (2nd R.E. ) the share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has again decreased to 17.6 percent.

26. At present, the contribution of agriculture in the National Income of India stands at : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996, 1998]

(a) 33 per cent
(b) 44 per cent
(c) 55 per cent
(d) 61 percent
(e) 26 per cent

Correct Answer: (e) 26 per cent

Solution:In the financial year 1996-97, the contribution of agriculture and allied sectors in National Income was at 26.19% and in 1997-98 it was at 24.47%. As per the Second Advance Estimates of National Income, 2023-24 and First Revised Estimates of National Income, 2022-23 (released on 29th February, 2024), agriculture and allied sector activities (agriculture, forestry and fishing) accounts for approximately 20.4 percent of the country's Gross Value Added (GVA) for the year 2020-21 (at current basic prices in 3rd R.E.) and 18.3 percent of the GVA for the year 2019-20. The share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has decreased to 18.9 percent in 2021-22 (2nd R.E.) and 18.2 per- cent in 2022-23 (1st R.E.). In 2023-24 (2nd A.E.) the share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has again decreased to 17.6 percent.

27. What has been the share of agriculture and allied sectors in the GDP of Indian in 2010-11 ? [U.P.U.D.A. /L.D.A. (Spl.) (Pre) 2010]

(a) Nearly 20 percent
(b) Nearly 15 percent
(c) Nearly 10 percent
(d) Nearly 8 percent

Correct Answer: (b) Nearly 15 percent

Solution:The contribution of agriculture and allied sectors in the GDP of Indian in 2010-11 was at 14.5 % (approx. 15%). For recent scenario, In the financial year 1996-97, the contribution of agriculture and allied sectors in National Income was at 26.19% and in 1997-98 it was at 24.47%. As per the Second Advance Estimates of National Income, 2023-24 and First Revised Estimates of National Income, 2022-23 (released on 29th February, 2024), agriculture and allied sector activities (agriculture, forestry and fishing) accounts for approximately 20.4 percent of the country's Gross Value Added (GVA) for the year 2020-21 (at current basic prices in 3rd R.E.) and 18.3 percent of the GVA for the year 2019-20. The share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has decreased to 18.9 percent in 2021-22 (2nd R.E.) and 18.2 per- cent in 2022-23 (1st R.E.). In 2023-24 (2nd A.E.) the share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has again decreased to 17.6 percent.

28. The contribution of agriculture in Indian Economy is : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]

(a) increasing
(b) decreasing
(c) constant
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (b) decreasing

Solution:As per the Second Advance Estimates of National Income, 2023-24 and First Revised Estimates of National Income, 2022- 23 (released on 29th February, 2024) the contribution of agriculture and allied sectors (agriculture, forestry and fishing) in GVA (Gross Value Added) of the country at current basic prices has decreased from 18.6% in 2013-14 to 17.7% in 2015- 16 and 17.6% in 2018-19. Within the agriculture sector, the share of crops has fallen from 12.1 percent in 2013-14 to 9.8 percent in 2018-19. The share has been declining on account of relatively higher growth performance of non-agricultural sectors. In fact, the contribution of agriculture in Indian Economy is steadily declining with the country's broad based economic growth. Due to the shock of the COVID-19 pan- demic on the Indian economy, the share of agriculture and allied sectors in the GVA has increased to 20.4 percent in 2020-21 (3rd R.E.) from 18.3 percent in 2019-20. However, in 2021-22 (2nd R.E.) and 2022-23 (1st R.E.), its share again de- creased to 18.9% and 18.2% respectively. In 2023-24 (2nd A.E.) the share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has again decreased to 17.6 percent.

29. Since the advent of planning era in India, the share of agriculture sector in GDP has : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]

(a) continued to decline
(b) continued to rise
(c) first increased and then declined
(d) first declined and then increased

Correct Answer: (a) continued to decline

Solution:In the beginning of Planning era i.e. in 1950-51, the share of agriculture in the GDP of India was above 50 percent, which has declined over time to 17.4% in the year 2006-07, 14.5% in the year 2010-22 and 14.1% in the year 2011-12. As per the Second Advance Estimates of National Income, 2023-24 and First Revised Estimates of National Income, 2022-23 (released on 29th February, 2024 ) agriculture and allied sector activities (agriculture, forestry and fishing ) at current basic prices accounts for approximately 20.4 percent of the country's Gross Value Added (GVA) for the year 2020-21 (3rd R.E) and 18.3 percent of the GVA for the year 2019-20. The share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has decreased to 18.9 percent in 2021-23 (1st R.E). In 2023-24 (2nd A.E) the share of agriculture and allied sectors in GVA at current basic prices has again decreased to 17.6 percent.

30. What is/are true in reference to Agriculture Census (2015-16)? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(i) Small and marginal farmer are 86.2% of total farmers whereas they hold only 47.3% of farm land (out of total farm land).

(ii) Statewise, based on total number of farmers, Maharashtra is at third position.

(iii) Statewise, based on total farmer land area, Rajasthan is at first position.

(a) (i), (ii), (iii)
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) Only (i)

Correct Answer: (a) (i), (ii), (iii)

Solution:As per final report on Agriculture Census 2015-16, the small and marginal holdings taken together (0.00-2.00 ha.) constituted 86.08% of the total holdings in 2015-16 against 85.01% in 2010-11 while their share in the operated area stood at 46.94% in the current census as against 44.58% in 2010-11. In a total of 146.45 million operational holdings in the country, the highest number of operational holders belonged to Uttar Pradesh (23.82 million) followed by Bihar (16.41 mil- lion) and Maharashtra (15.29 million). As regards operated area, out of a total of 157.82 million ha., the highest operated area was contributed by Rajasthan (20.87 million ha.), followed by Maharashtra (20.51 million ha.) and Uttar Pradesh (17.45 million ha.). Hence, statement (i) is incorrect, while statements (ii) and (iii) are correct. Statement (i) was correct on the basis of provisional data of Agriculture Census 2015-16.

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Agriculture and Allied Sectors (Part – I)