Climate Monsoon

Total Questions: 41

31. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre)]

1. The duration of the monsoon decreases from southern India to northern India.

2. The amount of annual rainfall in the northern plains of India decreases from east to west.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (a) Only 1

Solution:The amount of rainfall decreases from east to west owing to the progressive decrease in the humidity of the winds. The Southern part of India being near to sea gets rainfall early and for a longer duration than the northern part. Thus both the statements are correct.

32. With reference to 'Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)' sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following statements is/ are correct? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]

1. IOD phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface temperature between in sea surface temperature between tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean.

2. An IOD phenomenon can influence an El Nino's impact on the monsoon.

Select the correct answer using the code given belo

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only

Solution:The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is also known as the 'Indian Nino'. IOD is an irregular oscillation of sea-surface temperature in which the western India ocean becomes alternately warmer and then colder than the eastern part of the Indian Ocean (not the tropical eastern Pacific ocean). So, statement 1 is wrong. An IOD phenomenon can influence an El-Nino's impact on the monsoon. So, statement 2 is correct. Therefore option (b) is correct.

33. What are true in relation to jet stream? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre), 2022]

1. Jet stream blow across Asian Continent at latitudes North of Himalayas parallel to Tibetan highlands.

2. Tibetan highland divides jet stream into North and South Bunches.

3. The northern branch of jet stream plays important role in winter weather in India.

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None of the above.

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2

Solution:During the winter a distinet pattern of air circulation is observed higher up in the atmosphere. Significanly westerly winds continue to affect western and central Asia extending approx of 9 to 13 km from west to east. At latitudes north of the Himalayas and almost parallel to the Tibetan highlands, there winds blow across the Asia continent. Thus the first statement is true.
Notably, these jet streams are obstructed by the hills of Tibet consequently, jet stream split in two. One of its branches flows north of the Tibetan highlands and the other, which originates south of the Himalayas, blows eastward before merging again to form a single stream over China, Hence statement 2 is correct.

Notably, the northern branch of jet stream does not play an important role in winter weather in India. So statement (3) is false.

34. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as reason (R). [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2022]

Assertion (A): Agra and Darjeeling are located on the same latitude but temperature of January in Agra is 16º Centigrade whereas it is only 4º Centigrade in Darjeeling.

Reason (R): Temperature decreases with height and due to thin air, places in the mountains are cooler than places in the plains.

Select the correct answer from the code given below :

Code:

(a) (A) is true but (R) is false
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(c) (A) is false but (R) is true
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct to explanation of (A)

Correct Answer: (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Solution:Under normal conditions, the temperature usually with an increase in altitude in the troposphere at a rate of 1 degree for every 165 meters. Significantly it is called the normal lapse rate. It is worth mentioning that latitudinal positions of Agra and Darjeeling are 27°17' and 27°2' respectively which is almost same. Significantly temperature of January in Agra is 16º centigrade where as it is only 4º centigrade in Darjeeling. So we can say that Both (A) and (R) are true and (R0 is the correct explanation of (A).

35. Amritsar and Shimla are almost on the same latitude, but their climate difference is due to- [53rd to 55th B.P.S.C.(Pre) 2011]

(a) The difference in their altitudes
(b) Their distance from sea
(c) Snowfall from sea
(d) Pollution in Amritsar

Correct Answer: (a) The difference in their altitudes

Solution:Amritsar (31°29'-32°03′N) and Shimla (30°45'-31°44'N) are almost on the same latitude but their climate difference is due to the difference in their altitudes. Amritsar is located at near about 756 feet and Shimla at near about 7866.10 feet above the mean sea level.

36. Which one of the following types of climate is found in Chhattisgarh state? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S.(Pre) 2011]

(a) Humid South-East
(b) Sub Humid transitional
(c) Sub Humid Littoral
(d) Sub Humid continental

Correct Answer: (a) Humid South-East

Solution:Humid South-East climate is found in the region of West Bengal, Chotanagpur, Odisha plain, southern Chhattisgarh and Northeast part of Andhra Pradesh. So, option (a) is the correct answer. Sub-Humid transitional weather extends to central Gangetic plains (eastern U.P and western Bihar). Sub humid littoral weather spreads on the Coromandel region and sub-humid continental weather spreads to upper Gangetic plains.

37. Which of the following regions is not affected much by the Arabian sea branch of Monsoon? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S.(Pre) 2016]

(a) The Western Ghat
(b) Deccan Plateau
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Chhattisgarh Basin

Correct Answer: (d) Chhattisgarh Basin

Solution:Chhattisgarh basin is not affected much by the Arabian sea branch of monsoon. Arabian sea branch monsoon further split into branches after being obstructed by the Western Ghats. First branch moves parallel to Aravalli range causing scantly rainfall further mingles with the Bay of Bengal branch in North India. The second branch after being obstructed by Vindhya mountain causes rainfall in Gujrat, Madhya Pradesh and Western Chhattisgarh. Therefore, it is clear that the Chhattisgarh basin is not affected by the Arabian sea branch of monsoon.

38. Which of the following places experience a humid climate? [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A.(Spl) (PRE) 2010]

1. Ahmedabad
2. Kochi
3. Ludhiana
4. Tejpur
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code:

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 2 and 4 only

Correct Answer: (d) 2 and 4 only

Solution:Kochi and Tejpur experience more humid climate due to heavy rainfall. In 2021, Kochi experiences rainfall up to 3931.9mm, Ahmedabad-598.8mm, Ludhiana-724.7mm and Tejpur 1402.7mm (Sonitpur). Compared to Ahmedabad and Ludhiana, Kochi and Tejpur experience more rainfall which makes their climate more humid.

39. The decline of monsoon is indicated by [40th B.P.S.C.(Pre) 1995]

(1) Clear Sky
(ii) Pressure condition in Bay of Bengal
(iii) Rising temperature on land Select your answer using the following code -

(a) only i
(b) i and ii both
(c) i, ii and iii
(d) ii and iii both

Correct Answer: (c) i, ii and iii

Solution:When monsoon returns from the north, there is a slight increase in temperature on Land, The low pressure covers the Bay of Bengal and the sky is clear. Thus, all statements are correct.

40. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2015]

(1) The winds which blow between 30°N and 60°S latitudes throughout the year are known as westerlies.
(2) The moist air masses that cause winter rains in the North-Western region of India are part of westerlies.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2