Data Interpretation (UPSC)

Total Questions: 57

1. Consider the diagram given below: [1995]

T: Transport

Ec: Education and children

H: Housing

C: Clothing

F : Food

S : Savings

O: Others

From the diagram shown it would be right to conclude that :

(a) The family spent more than half of income on food and clothing.
(b) The amount saved by the family was too little.
(c) The family had no health problems.
(d) The family managed to meet all the essential expenses out of the income earned.

Correct Answer: (d) The family managed to meet all the essential expenses out of the income earned.

Solution:From the diagram, family do not spend more than half of income on food and clothing. Amount saved by the family is not too little. Health problems may come under the others category. Here, family clearly manages to meet all the expenses out of the income.

2. Consider the table given below providing details of traffic volume per hour for four locations: [1995]

Location	Total Traffic	% of Heavy Vehicles	Average Noise Level	Noise Pollution Level
I	377	24.40	73.50	84.00
II	380	12.50	72.60	83.00
III	377	30.00	73.50	86.50
IV	225	12.50	72.98	80.90

When the total traffic volume is the same, respectively the factors which affects the noise pollution level is/are.

(a) percentage of heavy vehicles
(b) noise pollution level and average noise level
(c) average noise level and % of heavy vehicles
(d) indeterminable on the basis of details given

Correct Answer: (a) percentage of heavy vehicles

Solution:For I and III, traffic volume is same. Since, Average Noise level is same for I and III and 9/0 of Heavy vehicles differs for I and III, so clearly % of Heavy vehicles affects the noise pollution level.

3. The variations in temperatures form 0°C to 100°C with respect to time of two liquids P, Q are shown in the graph given below: [1995]

Which one of the following statements is correct?

(d) Q attained the temperature of 100°C faster than P
(a) During heating, liquid P remained hotter than liquid Q throughout
(b) At no point of time during heating did the two liquids have the same temperature
(c) P attained the temperature of 100°C-faster than Q

Correct Answer: (d) Q attained the temperature of 100°C faster than P

Solution:As given in the Graph, clearly Q attains 100° C temperature faster than P.

4. The price fluctuations of 4 scrips in a stock market in the four quarters of a year are shown in the table below. Four different investors had the following portfolios of investment in the four companies throughout the year. [1995]

Portfolios

Investor 1:10 of A, 20 of B, 30 of C, and 40 of D

Investor 2: 40 of A, 10 of B, 20 of C, and 30 of D

Investor 3:30 of A, 40 of B, 10 of C, and 20 of D

Investor 4: 20 of A, 30 of B, 40 of C, and 10 of D

Stock Market Performance

	I	II	III	IV
	Quarter	Quarter	Quarter	Quarter
Scrip A	Up 10%	Down 15%	UP 10%	Down 10%
Scrip B	UP 2%	UP 1%	UP 2%	UP 2
Scrip C	UP 1%	UP 1%	Down 5%	Down 1%
Scrip D	UP 20%	Down 15%	UP 30%	Down 10%

In the light of the above which one of the following statement is correct?

(a) Investor 2 has made the best investment
(b) Investor 1 has made the best investment
(c) Investor 2 suffered a net loss during the year
(d) Investor 3 suffered a net loss during the year

Correct Answer: (b) Investor 1 has made the best investment

Solution:From portfolios table, are see that investor 1 has invested more in scrip D, Which slow least down and that makes average investment by investor 1 is best compare to others.

5. The following table shows the percentage distribution of revenue expenditure of Government of India in 1989-90 and 1994-95: [1996]

Expenditure Head (percent to total)
Years	Defence	Interest	Subsidies	States/Uts	Grants
		Payments			Other
1989-90	15.1	27.7	16.3	13.6	27.4
1994-95	13.6	38.7	8.0	16.7	23.0

Based on this table, it can be said that the Indian economy is in poor shape because the Central government continues to be under pressure to:

(a) reduce expenditure on defence
(b) spend more and more on interest payments
(c) reduce expenditure on subsidies
(d) spend more and more as grants-in-aid to State government/Union Territories

Correct Answer: (d) spend more and more as grants-in-aid to State government/Union Territories

Solution:According to the data showing revenues expenditure of Indian Government, it can be said that the Indian economy is in poor shape due to it's increasing debt payments. Due to the burden of debt payments there remains little scope to utilize this money for any other purpose.

6. The following figure represents sales (in thousands), over the period 1978 to 1983. [1996]

The sales in 1981 exceeded that in 1979 by :

(a) One hundred
(b) Ten thousand
(c) One lakh
(d) Ten lakh

Correct Answer: (c) One lakh

Solution:Sales in year 1979 = 320000

Sales in year 1981 = 420000

Thus the required difference = 420000 - 320000 = ₹ 100000

7. The given pie charts show the proportion of literates and illiterates in a country, in the year 1970 and 1990, and also the proportion of males (M) and females (F) among the literates. [1996]

Which one of the following statements can be said to be true beyond any doubt?

(a) In 1970 half of the illiterates were women (females)
(b) The proportion of literate males to the total population of males remained the same over the years
(c) Male literacy did not improve over this period
(d) The ratio of female literates to male literates improved significantly over this period

Correct Answer: (d) The ratio of female literates to male literates improved significantly over this period

Solution:It can be clearly seen from the chart that the ratio of female literates to male literates has improved.

8. The number of students in two sections, A and B having different heights is shown in the following Table. [1997]

Height	Number of students
(in metres)	in section A	in section B
1.55	3	2
1.60	7	6
1.62	12	14
1.65	15	14
1.68	8	9
1.71	6	5
1.75	3	4

The ratio of the number of students of a particular height in section A to that in section B is the maximum for the height of :

(a) 1.55 m
(b) 1.60 m
(c) 1.65 m
(d) 1.71 m

Correct Answer: (a) 1.55 m

Solution:Ratio of students of section A to B is maximum for 1.55 category height, it is 3/2 = 1.5

9. The following table shows the percent change in the amount of sales (in rupees) at different retail stores in a given Neighbourhood market in the period 1993 to 1995. [1997]

Retail store	Percent Change
Retail store	1993 to 1994	1994 to 1995
Anshu	+10	-10
Borna	-20	+9
Calpo	+5	+12
Dilip	-7	-15
Elegant	+17	-8

If the sales at Anshu store amounted to 8 lakh in 1993, then the amount of sales (in lakh rupees) at that store in 1995 was :

(a) 7.92
(b) 8.00
(c) 8.80
(d) 9.68

Correct Answer: (a) 7.92

Solution:If there are two changes of x % and y %,

then net change = x + y + xy/100

Net change 10 - 10 + (10)(-10)/ 100 = -1%

Amount of sales in 1995 = 8(1- 1/100) = 7.92

10. The misery index is the sum of a country's unemployment and inflation rate. The higher the index, the more miserable is the country to live in. The figure given below is the misery index for various countries in Europe. [1998]

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the misery index given above?

1. Britain is the most miserable country to live In.

2. The inflation rate in Spain is less than that in Belgium and Britain.

3. Italy and France seem to have almost identical unemployment.

4. The higher the misery index, the higher the inflation rate.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

(a) 1 alone
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(d) None of these

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3

Solution:The inflation rate in spain is less than that in Belgium and Britain. In graph Italy and France seem to have almost identical unemployment.

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