Development of Education in Modern India

Total Questions: 37

21. Consider the following statements regarding Wood's Dispatch of 1854: [69th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2023 Ans: (c)]

  1. It recommended English as the medium of instruction for higher studies.
  2. It laid stress on female education and vocational training.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Solution:Wood's Dispatch was issued on 19 July 1854 by Sir Charles Wood as the President of the Board of Control. It recommended English as the medium of instruction for higher studies and also emphasized the government should support female education and vocational training.

22. Charles Wood's Despatch was related to which of the following? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

Correct Answer: (a) Education
Solution:In the 1853 renewal of the Charter Act, it was realized that a systematic pattern of education was necessary for India. As a result, Wood's Despatch was issued on 19 July 1854 by Sir Charles Wood as the President of the Board of Control. He recommended:
  1. An education department is to be set up in every province.
  2. Universities on the model of the London University to be established in big cities such as Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras.
  3. At least one Government school should be opened in every district.
  4. Affiliated private schools should be given a grant.
  5. The Indian natives should also be given training in their mother tongue.
  6. Provision was made for a systematic method of education from the primary level to the university level.
  7. The Government should support education for women.

23. In the Hunter Commission report, special emphasis was laid on the development of: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2004 ,U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre)]

Correct Answer: (c) Primary education
Solution:The Hunter Commission was founded under W.W. Hunter in 1882 to review the educational development after 1854. This Commission recommended primary education development. It was constituted by Lord Ripon.

The Commission recommended vocational training, secondary education, and brought out the inadequate facilities available for female education in the country. The recommendations were partially implemented.

24. Who have appointed First Indian Education Commission and in which year? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

Correct Answer: (a) Lord Ripon in 1882
Solution:The Hunter Commission was founded under W.W. Hunter in 1882 to review the educational development after 1854. This Commission recommended primary education development. It was constituted by Lord Ripon.

The Commission recommended vocational training, secondary education, and brought out the inadequate facilities available for female education in the country. The recommendations were partially implemented.

25. When was the National Council of Education established? [53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]

Correct Answer: (d) 15th August, 1906
Solution:The citizens of Rangpur held a conference on 16 November, 1905. In 1905 AD the Rangpur National School was started with the objective of imparting indigenous education, both general and technical, to Indians.

The birth of the National School sparked off the movement culminating in the formation of the National Council of Education (NCE) Bengal on 15th August, 1906.

26. Sadler Commission was related to: [U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2010]

Correct Answer: (c) Education
Solution:The Sadler Commission was related to education. In 1917, the British Government appointed a commission to study and report on the problems of Calcutta University. Dr. M.E. Sadler, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Leeds, was appointed its Chairman. The commission included two Indian members, namely Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee and Dr. Zia-ud-din Ahmad.

The Sadler Commission held the view that the improvement of secondary education was a necessary condition for the improvement of university education. It strongly criticized the University Act of 1904 and reported that there was no proper coordination between colleges and universities.

27. When did the British Government appoint Sadler University Commission for reforms in [48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (b) 1917
Solution:The Sadler Commission was related to education. In 1917, the British Government appointed a commission to study and report on the problems of Calcutta University. Dr. M.E. Sadler, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Leeds, was appointed its Chairman. The commission included two Indian members, namely Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee and Dr. Zia-ud-din Ahmad.

The Sadler Commission held the view that the improvement of secondary education was a necessary condition for the improvement of university education. It strongly criticized the University Act of 1904 and reported that there was no proper coordination between colleges and universities.

28. In 1902, Lord Curzon appointed the University Commission including two Indian members. Who were they? [66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2020]

Correct Answer: (d) Syed Hussain Bilgrami and Justice Gurudas Banerjee
Solution:Viceroy Lord Curzon constituted a University Commission under the chairmanship of Sir Thomas Raley in 1902 for educational reforms. Indian members appointed to the Commission were Syed Hussain Bilgrami and Justice Gurudas Banerjee. Based on these suggestions, the University Act of 1904 was passed.

29. Lord Macaulay was related to: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2007]

Correct Answer: (c) English education
Solution:William Bentinck appointed a committee headed by Lord Macaulay to make recommendations for the promotion of education in India. In his report, Macaulay emphasized the promotion of European literature and science through the English medium among the people of India.

This recommendation was wholeheartedly accepted by William Bentinck. The Government Resolution of 1835 made English the official and literary language of India.

30. During India's colonial period, the theory of downward filtration was related to: [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (b) Education
Solution:The 'Downward Filtration' theory was related to educational upliftment during India’s colonial period. The filtration theory in education meant the trickle-down of education or knowledge from top to bottom, i.e., from the higher class people to the lower classes or the general public.

Lord Macaulay explained his point of view by stating that the purpose of the company was only to educate the elite group, which would later educate the general public, thus fulfilling the goal of educating the masses in general.