ECOSYSTEM (Part-I)

1. What are the microorganisms that breakdown the dead remains and waste product of organ called? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-1) 19.10.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Consumers
(b) Producers
(c) Decomposers
(d) None of these

Correct Answer: (c) Decomposers

Solution:

The microorganisms that break down the dead remains and waste products of organisms are called Decomposers.

2. Which aquatic microorganisms phytoplankton and then become food for fish crustaceans and other large species ? [S.S.C. Online CPO S.I. (T-I) 11.11.2022 (Shift-III)]

(a) Virioplankton
(b) Zooplankton
(c) Bacterioplankton
(d) Zooxanthellae

Correct Answer: (b) Zooplankton

Solution:The aquatic microorganisms that are phytoplankton and then become food for fish, crustaceans, and other large species are Zooplankton. Zooplankton consume phytoplankton and form a crucial link in the aquatic food web.

3. ______ is essential for the autotrophic form of nutrition. [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 5.08.2019 (Shin-II)]

(a) chlorophyll and oxygen
(b) carbon monoxide and water
(c) Carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll, and sunlight
(d) Methane

Correct Answer: (c) Carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll, and sunlight

Solution:Carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll, and sunlight is essential for the autotrophic form of nutrition (photosynthesis).

4. Organisms that use light to prepare food are known as ______ . [S.S.C. Online C.H.S.L. (T-I) 24.01.2017 (Shift-(II)]

(a) Autotrophs
(b) Heterotrophs
(c) Omnivores
(d) Decomposers

Correct Answer: (a) Autotrophs

Solution:

Organisms that use light to prepare food are known as Autotrophs. They are self-feeding and form the base of most food chains.

5. Who occupies the top level in any food chain? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 13.02.2019 (Shift-II)]

(a) snake
(b) lion
(c) Human
(d) the eagle

Correct Answer: (c) Human

Solution:Humans are placed at the top of the food chain, as omnivores receive maximum nutrition among all consumers.

6. A pyramid of biomass is a diagram that shows the population at each level of the food chain. Accordingly ________ occupy the base with the highest biomass. [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 1.08.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) secondary consumers
(b) Decomposers
(c) primary consumers
(d) producers

Correct Answer: (d) producers

Solution:Producers occupy the base of a pyramid of biomass with the highest biomass. They form the largest trophic level.

7. Who coinded the term "Ecology"? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 9.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Ernst Haeckel
(b) G. Evelyn Hutchinson
(c) Hugo de Vries
(d) Robert Brown

Correct Answer: (a) Ernst Haeckel

Solution:Ecology is a branch of biology in which organisms study the interactions of communities with their environments. Ecology is also called environmental biology. The German word Ecology was first used in 1866 by the German zoologist Ernst Haeckel.

8. Who is the father of modern ecology? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 13.12.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) Robert Brown
(b) Charles Darwin
(c) E P Odum
(d) Robert Hook

Correct Answer: (c) E P Odum

Solution:E P Odum is widely regarded as the father of modern ecology for his work on ecosystem ecology.

9. All the interacting organisms in an area, together with the non-living constituents of the environment, form an ______ . [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 6.10.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Ecology
(b) Hotspot
(c) Ecosystem
(d) System

Correct Answer: (c) Ecosystem

Solution:All the interacting organisms in an area, together with the non-living constituents of the environment, form an Ecosystem.

10. Carbon and energy requirements of autotrophic organisms are fulfilled by the process of : [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 16.10.2020 (Shift-III)]

(a) Photoautotrophs
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Biosynthesis
(d) Hibernation

Correct Answer: (b) Photosynthesis

Solution:Carbon and energy requirements of autotrophic organisms are fulfilled by the process of Photosynthesis.