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Forest and Wildlife

📆 October 8, 2024

Total Questions: 50

31. Which of the following is not the impact of deforestation in India? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2006, M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) Urbanization
Solution:Urbanization is not the effect of deforestation rather it is one of the reasons of deforestation.

The expansion of residential areas to meet the needs of growing population impacts forests and biodiversity. Forest areas have shrunk due to the expansion of towns and cities.

On the contrary, drying of water resources in the Himalayas, loss of biodiversity and soil erosion are the effects of deforestation.

32. Nagaland mountains are becoming increasingly barren mountain mainly due to- [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

Correct Answer: (c) Shifting cultivation
Solution:Nagaland Mountains are becoming increasingly barren mountains mainly due to shifting cultivation. Shifting cultivation is a farming method where small forest areas are cleared and burned to make land for planting crops. Farmers use this land for a few years until the soil loses its nutrients. Then, they leave the plot and move to a new area, letting the old land recover naturally over time.

Shifting cultivation is a farming method that involves several steps:

  • Farmers cut down plants and burn them to enrich the soil with nutrients.
  • They then plant crops like cereals, vegetables, and tubers in the fertile soil.
  • Once the crops are ready, they are harvested.
  • After a few years, when the soil becomes less fertile, the land is left unused to recover. During this time, plants grow back, and the soil regains its nutrients.
  • Farmers repeat this cycle by moving to new areas while allowing old plots to recover.

33. Consider the following statements: [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2016]

Assertion (A): The loss of forest cover in India has been directly associated with Demographic Transition in India.

Reason (R): The forest cover is negatively related to population growth.

Select the correct answer from codes given below:

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).
Solution:A growing population means increased demand for food and a corresponding need to convert forests to agriculture land.

Demographic factors including population growth, density, distribution, migration and urbanization are important drivers of deforestation.

Hence, both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).

34. The main causes for the forest loss are- [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011]

Correct Answer: (c) Industrial Development
Solution:The main cause for the forest loss is industrialization. Industrial activities, such as logging, mining, and urbanization, also contribute to forest loss. For example, the demand for timber and raw materials drives logging, while urbanization leads to the destruction of forests for infrastructure and housing. Other factors, such as natural disasters and climate change, can also contribute to forest loss.

35. The major issues faced by forest sector of State of Jharkhand which turn affects the climate are: [J.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (b) forest fires
Solution:Summer season is favourable for the spread of fire. There are many reasons attributed to the forest fire occurrences. Sometimes it is accidental or due to negligence. More than 90% forest fires are caused by anthropogenic activity by human beings due to, deliberately (for personal gains or rivalry) or merely due to negligence or just by accident.

Forest fires sometimes starts due to accidental or unin- tentional reasons. Some of the instances are as follows: To facilitate collection of non-timber forest products (NTFPS) the collectors usually ignite the fire, which accidentally may spread in the forest due to extreme hot weather, resulting into a major fire.

The main non-wood forest product that contributes to forest fire in Jharkhand is the Mahua flowers (Madhuca indica) collected by the local people. They are boiled with Sal (Shorea robusta) seeds to produce a popular local beverage.

Mahua pickers burn the dry leaves under the trees to get a neat and clean floor to facilitate flower collection. While the objective is only to clear a small circular floor beneath a single tree, these fires often spread out of control due to hot weather.gal

36. Which of the following city of India is Specialized in the plantation? [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2013]

Correct Answer: (d) Valparai
Solution:Valparai is located in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu. This India city has specialization in plantation among the given options. It is a type of commercial farming. It means the cultivation of a single crop on a large scale. The primary purpose of plantation farming is to produce crops for sale, and the crops are typically grown for industrial purposes rather than direct consumption. Europeans introduced other forms of farming that were guided by profit-oriented motives.

Examples: commercial farming, plantation farming, etc. It includes large estates or plantations, large capital investments, managerial and technical support, scientific methods of cultivation,

37. What is the theme of the 2018 International Day of Forests? [63rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2017]

Correct Answer: (c) Forests and Sustainable cities
Solution:The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 21st March the International Day of Forests (IDF) in 2012. IDF celebrates and raises awareness of the importance of all types of forests.

The theme of IDF 2018 was 'Forests and Sustainable Cities', whereas the theme of 2024 is "Forests and innovation: New solutions for a better world."

38. The minimum land area recommended for forest cover to maintain proper ecological balance in India is: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1999]

Correct Answer: (b) 33%
Solution:As per the National Forest Policy 1988, the national goal should be to have a minimum of one-third (33%) of the total land area of the country under forest or tree cover. In the hills and in mountainous regions, the aim should be to maintain two-third of the area under such cover in order to prevent erosion and land degradation and to ensure the stability of the fragile ecosystem. However, the India State of Forests Report 2019 reveals that India's forest cover is 24.56% of the total landmass.

Some of the basic objectives of the policy-

  • Maintenance of environmental stability through preservation.
  • Conserving the natural heritage of the country by preserving the remaining natural forests.
  • Checking soil erosion and denudation in the catchments areas of rivers, lakes, reservoirs.
  • Checking the extension of sand-dunes in the desert areas

39. What is the minimum land area recommended for forest cover to maintain proper ecological balance in India? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

Correct Answer: (c) 33%
Solution:As per the National Forest Policy 1988, the national goal should be to have a minimum of one-third (33%) of the total land area of the country under forest or tree cover. In the hills and in mountainous regions, the aim should be to maintain two-third of the area under such cover in order to prevent erosion and land degradation and to ensure the stability of the fragile ecosystem. However, the India State of Forests Report 2019 reveals that India's forest cover is 24.56% of the total landmass.

Some of the basic objectives of the policy-

  • Maintenance of environmental stability through preservation.
  • Conserving the natural heritage of the country by preserving the remaining natural forests.
  • Checking soil erosion and denudation in the catchments areas of rivers, lakes, reservoirs.
  • Checking the extension of sand-dunes in the desert areas

40. To maintain ecological balance, the area under forest should be- [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]

Correct Answer: (c) 33%
Solution:As per the National Forest Policy 1988, the national goal should be to have a minimum of one-third (33%) of the total land area of the country under forest or tree cover. In the hills and in mountainous regions, the aim should be to maintain two-third of the area under such cover in order to prevent erosion and land degradation and to ensure the stability of the fragile ecosystem. However, the India State of Forests Report 2019 reveals that India's forest cover is 24.56% of the total landmass.

Some of the basic objectives of the policy-

  • Maintenance of environmental stability through preservation.
  • Conserving the natural heritage of the country by preserving the remaining natural forests.
  • Checking soil erosion and denudation in the catchments areas of rivers, lakes, reservoirs.
  • Checking the extension of sand-dunes in the desert areas
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