Gandhi and his Early Movements (Part-II)

Total Questions: 35

11. The prefix 'Mahatma' was added with the name of Gandhi: [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) ,U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2001]

(a) During Champaran Satyagraha
(b) During the Satyagraha against Rowlatt Act
(c) In the Amritsar Session of the Indian National Congress, 1919
(d) At the beginning of the Khilafat Movement

Correct Answer: (a) During Champaran Satyagraha

Solution:The prefix "Mahatma" was added with the name of Gandhi during Champaran Satyagraha by Rabindranath Tagore.

12. Who of the following called Gandhiji "Mahatma" for the first time? [U.P.P.C.S.(Mains) 2010]

(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Madan Mohan Malviya
(c) Rabindranath Tagore
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose

Correct Answer: (c) Rabindranath Tagore

Solution:The prefix "Mahatma" was added with the name of Gandhi during Champaran Satyagraha by Rabindranath Tagore.

13. Who was the secretary of Mahatma Gandhi during Noakhali? [41st B.P.S.C. (Pre)]

(a) Nirmal Kumar Bose
(b) Mahadeo Desai
(c) Pyare Lal
(d) Ballabh Bhai Patel

Correct Answer: (c) Pyare Lal

Solution:Pyare Lal was the secretary of Mahatma Gandhi during the Noakhali period. His sister Dr. Susheela Nayar was the personal doctor of Mahatma Gandhi. Pyare Lal also played a significant role in Dandi March.

14. In which of the following Satyagraha movements, did Gandhiji not participate directly? [41st B.P.S.C. (Pre)]

(a) Rajkot Satyagraha
(b) Khera Satyagraha
(c) Vaikom Satyagraha
(d) Non-cooperation movement

Correct Answer: (c) Vaikom Satyagraha

Solution:Gandhi did not participate in Vaikom Satyagraha directly. While Rajkot Satyagraha, Khera Satyagraha, and Non-cooperation Movement was led by Gandhi. He agreed to settle an agreement with the ruler of Rajkot by mediation with Viceroy after 4 days hunger strike in reference of Rajkot Satyagraha.

15. . In the context of Indian history, which of the following statement is/are correct regarding Vaikom Satyagraha? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

It was a satyagraha against untouchability and caste discrimination.
Mahatma Gandhi participated in this Satyagraha.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

Solution:While discussing about Indian National Movement, Vaikom Satyagraha was a movement in Travancore (modern-day Kerala) for temple entry of the depressed classes. It was against untouchability and caste discrimination. It took place near a part of the princely state of Travancore. In 1925 Mahatma Gandhi participated in this Satyagraha indirectly.

16. When did Mahatma Gandhi come to Chhattisgarh first? [Chhattishgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]

(a) 2 October, 1906
(b) 20 December, 1920
(c) 1 July, 1937
(d) 9 September, 1942

Correct Answer: (b) 20 December, 1920

Solution:The first arrival of Mahatma Gandhi in Chhattisgarh was on 20 December, 1920 at Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh. In addition to this, he came here on 24 November, 1933.

17. Who among the following Gandhian followers was a teacher by profession? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]

(a) A. N. Sinha
(b) Braj Kishore Prasad
(c) J. B. Kripalani
(d) Rajendra Prasad

Correct Answer: (c) J. B. Kripalani

Solution:J.B. Kripalani was basically a teacher by profession among the Gandhian followers. Although Rajendra Prasad who became a teacher for some time, but basically he was a Lawyer. Acharya Kripalani was born in Hyderabad (Sind, now in Pakistan) in 1888, was a prominent parliamentarian, and crusader for social justice. He strongly supported decentralised industrialization, development of rural areas, and employment in small and cottage industries. Role in Independence movement: Deeply inspired by Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy. Kripalani actively participated in various movements like the Champaran Satyagraha (1917), Kheda Satyagraha (1918), Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918), and Salt Satyagraha (1930). Joined the Congress Party in the 1920s, became President of the Indian National Congress in 1946. Kripalani served as a member of the Constituent Assembly and Chairman of the Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee. Post-Independence he formed the Krishak Mazdoor Praja Party (1951), merged with Praja Socialist Party, and later became an independent member of Parliament. He authored his autobiography My Times and ran the weekly journal Vigil

18. Who among the following capitalists served as an AICC treasurer for many years and went to jail in 1930? [47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]

(a) G. D. Birla
(b) Jamnalal Bajaj
(c) J. R. D. Tata
(d) Balchand Hirachand

Correct Answer: (b) Jamnalal Bajaj

Solution:Jamnalal Bajaj was unique among capitalists as being a full-time Congress activist (he served as an AICC treasurer for many years and went to jail in 1923 and 1930). Balchand Hirachand urged fellow businessmen in a letter to the FICCI in April, 1930 to give up the policy of sitting on the fence and throw in their lot with those that were fighting for Swaraj. In May, 1930, FICCI also decided to boycott the Round Table Conference as long as Gandhi stayed away from it and the Viceroy made a definite promise regarding the dominion status.

19. Indian cotton merchant, banker; Congressman and a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi? The description fits with: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1993]

(a) G. D. Birla
(b) M. R. Jayakar
(c) Jamnalal Bajaj
(d) V. S. Srinivasa Sastri

Correct Answer: (c) Jamnalal Bajaj

Solution:Jamnalal Bajaj was an industrialist, a philanthropist, as well as a freedom fighter. He was also a close associate and follower of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhiji used to call Jamnalal his 'fifth son.' A loyal member of the Indian National Congress, Bajaj has worked extensively on social initiatives such as abolishing untouchability, the prohibition of Harijan into Hindu temple and promotion of Khadi. He participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement and renounced his title of 'Rai Bahadur' conferred by the British Government in 1921. In the same year, he succeeded in bringing Vinoba Bhave to Wardha to start a branch of Satyagraha Ashram. In 1923, in memory of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, it was decided to organize incomplete Flag Satyagraha in Nagpur and the Government banned it. Later, Jamnalal Bajaj took leadership and organized the Flag Satyagraha and was sentenced to jail for 18 months and Rs. 3,000/- as fine. His leadership qualities and sacrifices as commander of Flag Satyagraha made him a real hero and a National leader.

20. Mahatma Gandhi's close English compatriot during the freedom movement was: [46th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2004]

(a) Thomas Moore
(b) A. O. Hume
(c) Charles Andrews
(d) William Wavell

Correct Answer: (c) Charles Andrews

Solution:Charles Andrews (Deenbandhu Andrews) was Professor in St. Stephan's College Delhi. He had affection for Indians and also wanted to be an Indian. He was very close to Rabindranath Tagore, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Mahatma Gandhi. He lived with Gandhi in Phoenix Farm. Gandhiji gave the title of Deen Bandhu for his love and care to poor. Andrews also became President of All India Trade Union Congress from 1925 to 1927. He accompanied Gandhiji as an associate to Round Table Conference in London.

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