Indian History and World History (Part-2)

Agni, Indra, and Soma are the correct group of important gods of the Vedic period among the options. The meaning of Sanskrit word Agni is fire. Agni is the second most important god in the Vedic mythology of ancient India. 200 Rigvedic hymns are devoted to Agni. Indra is the king of the gods in Vedic Hindu mythology. Indra was considered to be the rain god. Indra is sometimes referred to as "the thousand-eyed". Soma was a plant producing potent drink, an offering at the Vedic sacrifices. The personified deity Soma was the “king of plants.”

According to mythology, the Pandavas donated Gurugram, located in Haryana, to their guru Dronacharya as a Gurudakshina. Hence it was known as Gurugram, but over time, its name got distorted to Gurgaon. In April 2016, the BJP-ruled Haryana government changed the name of Gurgaon to Gurugram.

Siddhi is not one of these objectives. According to Vedic philosophy, human life has a definite purpose. Whilst the final Goal of life is “Moksha”, there are three other (intermediate) goals of life and together these are called four objectives or pursuits of life.
These objectives are
• Dharma-Righteousness
• Artha - Acquisition of wealth by proper means and its correct use
• Kama - Fulfillment of noble desires
• Moksha - Liberation or the final Goal

According to the Puranas, Lord Vishnu assumed the form of a boar to save the earth, which had drowned in water. Varaha is the third of 10 incarnations (avatars) of the Hindu god Vishnu.

Aranyani is the goddess of forest in the Rig Vedic period.
• Indra was considered the rain god.
• Savitri was the god of light
• Aditi was the Goddess of Eternity

The fifth incarnation of Vishnu is known as Vamana. According to Hindu Mythology, there are ten complete incarnations of the Lord Vishnu and countless numbers of incomplete incarnations. The list included Matsya, Kurma, Varaha, Narasimha, Vamana, Parashurama, Rama, Krishna or Balarama, Buddha or Krishna; and Kalki.

The Rigveda is a collection of ancient Indian Vedic hymns. Aitareya Brahmana is a branch or part of the Rigveda ascribed to Mahidasa Aitareya. It is divided into 8 Panchikas, and the last two panchikas explain the coronation ceremony.

The 30 manuscripts of Rigveda preserved at the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Pune, were added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register in 2007.

In ‘Dharma-shastra’, the varna system divides the society into four varnas (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudra).
Brahmins are varna of Hinduism specializing as priests, teachers (acharyas) and custodians of sacred learning across generations.
‘Kshatriya’ is the second highest varna among the four varnas and traditionally belonged to the military or ruling class.
The Vaishya varna comprises people who were engaged in agriculture, trade and commerce.
The Shudra varna comprises people employed in a service considered to be menial, such as slaves.

Varna is a Sanskrit term which refers to caste or order in society.
In Hinduism, there are 4 varnas - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras.
Brahmins are the highest of the four varnas. They include priests, scholars and teachers of Vedic texts.