Morley-Minto Reform Bill was passed in:

The main fault of the Indian Council Act, 1909 (Morley-Minto) was a system of communal representation for Muslims by accepting the concept of "separate electorate." According to this system, Muslim members were to be elected only by Muslim electorates, not by general electorates in Councils. Indeed, it meant that the Muslim community was considered as an absolutely separate class from India. Antiquated National integrity vanished in only one storm. Gandhi stated: "Morley-Minto Reforms have destroyed everything."

In 1905, Lord Minto was appointed as Viceroy of India in place of Lord Curzon, and John Morley was appointed as Secretary of State for India. The reforms introduced by them are known as Morley-Minto Reforms. The Indian Councils Act, 1909, commonly known as the Morley-Minto Reforms, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that brought about a limited increase in the involvement of Indians in the governance of British India. The major dispute regarding this act was separate electorate for Muslims in India.

Lord Minto was part of the Minto-Morley reforms of 1909, which introduced communal electorate in India and thus sowed the seeds of partition of India. Rajendra Prasad thus rightly considered him as Father of Pakistan.

The Minto-Morley reforms are known to envisage a separate electorate for Muslims, and this had a long-lasting impact on Indian polity. This was for the first time that Muslim community was recognized as a completely separate section of the Indian Nation and this triggered "A Cancer" in India called "Hindu-Muslim Disharmony" which later culminated in the Partition of India and Pakistan. Separate constituencies were marked for the Muslims, and only Muslim community members were given the right to elect their representatives. The principle of communal representation which was accepted under the Morley-Minto Reforms was retained and was pushed further by the Government of India Act, 1919.