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Planning (Part – II)

📆 October 16, 2024

Total Questions: 50

1. In which of the following Five Year Plans anti-poverty programmes based on the theme 'Garibi Hatao' was first introduced? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]

Correct Answer: (c) Fifth Five Year Plan
Solution:The slogan of 'Garibi Hatao' (Poverty abolition) was given by the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi during elections in the year 1971, during the period of 4th Five Year Plan (1969-74). Although it was election slogan and not the main objective of 4th Five Year Plan. Poverty eradication was discussed in 4th Five Year Plan but not as a main objective, while the main objective of 5th Five Year Plan was removal of poverty (Garibi Hatao). Therefore with reference to main objective of Five Year Plan, option (c) will be the correct answer, while with reference to the slogan, option (b) will be the correct answer. Although, according to UPPSC the correct answer is 5th Five Year Plan.

2. Consider the following events and arrange these in chronological order: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

I. Garibi Hatao

II. Bank Nationalization

III.  Beginning of Green Revolution

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Correct Answer: (b) III, II, and I
Solution:Fifth Plan (1974-79) proposed to achieve two main objectives: 'removal of poverty (Garibi Hatao) and attainment of self-reliance".

In 1969, the Indian government nationalized 14 major private banks.

The Green Revolution started in 1966-67 with the first introduction of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds in Indian agriculture. Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

3. The Growth Centre Approach was adopted under the: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]

Correct Answer: (d) Fourth Five Year Plan
Solution:In the Fourth Five Year Plan (1969-74), a growth centre approach was introduced with the objective of removing regional disparities. Although it was started in the 4th Plan, it was given special emphasis during the 5th Plan. Resource based programmes, problem based programmes, target group approach, incentive approach and wide area approach etc. were the components of growth centre approach.

4. The objective of self-sustaining development in India was first adopted in: [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]

Correct Answer: (b) Fourth Five Year Plan
Solution:The objective of self-sustaining development in India was first adopted in Fourth Five Year Plan. Refusal of supply of essential equipments and raw materials from the allies during the Indo-Pak war was resulted in twin objectives of 'growth with stability' and 'progressive achievement of self- reliance' for the Fourth Plan.

During the implementation of the fourth five-year plan "Garibi Hatao" slogan was given by the late Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of that time. The concept of the fourth five-year plan(1969-1974) was also important as it was included in the manifesto presented by the Indian National Congress during the election of 1971. The fourth five-year plan was a failed project not only because of the less prospect but the strategies taken to implement the plan were unrealisic.

5. Under which Five Year Plan was the decision to establish a socialistic pattern of society taken? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]

Correct Answer: (b) Second Five Year Plan
Solution:The Second Five Year Plan (1956-61) was started on 1 April, 1956. In this Plan, the strategy of resource allocation to broad sectors as agriculture and industry was based on two and four sector Model prepared by Prof. P.C. Mahalanobis (2nd Plan is also called Mahalanobis Plan). The plan focussed on rapid industrialization and setting up capital intensive heavy and basic industries. The Industrial Policy, 1956 was based on establishment of a socialistic pattern of society as the goal of economic policy.

6. Second Five Year Plan of India was based on an economic model developed by: [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

Correct Answer: (a) P.C. Mahalanobis
Solution:The Second Five Year Plan (1956-61) was started on 1 April, 1956. In this Plan, the strategy of resource allocation to broad sectors as agriculture and industry was based on two and four sector Model prepared by Prof. P.C. Mahalanobis (2nd Plan is also called Mahalanobis Plan). The plan focussed on rapid industrialization and setting up capital intensive heavy and basic industries. The Industrial Policy, 1956 was based on establishment of a socialistic pattern of society as the goal of economic policy.

7. The Second Five Year Plan was based on which model? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

Correct Answer: (d) Mahalanobis Model
Solution:The Second Five Year Plan (1956-61) was started on 1 April, 1956. In this Plan, the strategy of resource allocation to broad sectors as agriculture and industry was based on two and four sector Model prepared by Prof. P.C. Mahalanobis (2nd Plan is also called Mahalanobis Plan). The plan focussed on rapid industrialization and setting up capital intensive heavy and basic industries. The Industrial Policy, 1956 was based on establishment of a socialistic pattern of society as the goal of economic policy.

8. Planning in India, in real sense, began with the Second Five Year Plan. Who was the architect of Indian Planning? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (d) P.C. Mahalanobis
Solution:Planning in India, in real sense, began with the Second Five Year Plan (1956-61), The Second Plan, a landmark contribution to developmental planning in general, laid down the basic ideas regarding goals of Indian planning; this plan was based on the ideas of P.C. Mahalanobis. In that sense, he can be regarded as the architect of Indian planning.

The Second Five Year Plan revolved around the idea of developing the public sector and rapid industrialisation. The plan was allocated nearly 50 billion rupees in various fields to achieve targets. The scale of production and the production method was given a push for good. New technology and efficient investments were made to make sure that India's annual national income grew to 4.5%.
India began bringing in hydroelectric power projects and steel plants with help from the USSR, UK and West Germany to scale up production within India. Even more railway lines were added in the Northeast of India. In addition, research and Atomic centers were opened up, and scholarship programs were funded to find human resources to take the Nuclear power field in India.
Power, irrigation, social services, communication, transport, and miscellaneous expenses, were the fields that saw cash inflow coming their way for expansion and growth purposes.

9. Mahalanobis Plan Model adopted in India in the mid. fifties aimed at: [B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2015]

Correct Answer: (b) Setting up heavy industries which were capital intensive
Solution:Second Plan (1956-61) is also called Mahalanobis Plan. Second plan was conceived in an atmosphere of economic (2nd stability. It was felt agriculture could be accorded lower priority. The Plan focussed on rapid industrialization and setting up capital intensive heavy and basic industries.

The Second Five Year Plan revolved around the idea of developing the public sector and rapid industrialisation. The plan was allocated nearly 50 billion rupees in various fields to achieve targets. The scale of production and the production method was given a push for good. New technology and efficient investments were made to make sure that India's annual national income grew to 4.5%.
India began bringing in hydroelectric power projects and steel plants with help from the USSR, UK and West Germany to scale up production within India. Even more railway lines were added in the Northeast of India. In addition, research and Atomic centers were opened up, and scholarship programs were funded to find human resources to take the Nuclear power field in India.
Power, irrigation, social services, communication, transport, and miscellaneous expenses, were the fields that saw cash inflow coming their way for expansion and growth purposes.

10. The strategy of development of industries and industrialization was part of which Plan? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1991]

Correct Answer: (b) Second
Solution:Second Plan (1956-61) is also called Mahalanobis Plan. Second plan was conceived in an atmosphere of economic (2nd stability. It was felt agriculture could be accorded lower priority. The Plan focussed on rapid industrialization and setting up capital intensive heavy and basic industries.

The Second Five Year Plan revolved around the idea of developing the public sector and rapid industrialisation. The plan was allocated nearly 50 billion rupees in various fields to achieve targets. The scale of production and the production method was given a push for good. New technology and efficient investments were made to make sure that India's annual national income grew to 4.5%.
India began bringing in hydroelectric power projects and steel plants with help from the USSR, UK and West Germany to scale up production within India. Even more railway lines were added in the Northeast of India. In addition, research and Atomic centers were opened up, and scholarship programs were funded to find human resources to take the Nuclear power field in India.
Power, irrigation, social services, communication, transport, and miscellaneous expenses, were the fields that saw cash inflow coming their way for expansion and growth purposes.

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