Sustainable Economic Development

Total Questions: 39

11. What do we call balancing the need to use resources and also conserve them for the future ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

(a) Reducing consumption
(b) Future resources
(c Resource conservation
(d) Sustainable development

Correct Answer: (d) Sustainable development

Solution:Balancing the need to use resources and also conserve them for the future is called sustainable development. In the year 1987, The world Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) released its report. 'Our Common Future', Known also as the 'Brundtland Report' that gave the definition of sustainable development. As per this report, sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

12. Sustainable development is described as the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In this perspective, inherently the concept of sustainable development is intertwined with which of the following concepts? [U.P.S.C (Pre) 2010]

(a) Social justice and empowerment
(b) Inclusive Growth
(c) Globalization
(d) Carrying capacity

Correct Answer: (d) Carrying capacity

Solution:Inherently the concept of sustainable development is inter- twined with the concept of carrying capacity. Carrying capacity is the maximum number, density, or biomass of a population that a specific area can support sustainably. In other words, the carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population size of a biological species that can be sustained by that specific environment, given the food, habitat, water and other resources available. It is the margin of the habitat's or environment's ability to provide the resources necessary to sustain human life. Sustainable development binds together concern for the carrying capacity of natural systems with the social, political, and economic challenges faced by the humanity.

13. The base of sustainable development is - [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

(a) Social approach
(b) Economic approach
(c) Environmental approach
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (c) Environmental approach

Solution:Environmental outlook is the base of sustainable develop- ment. Sustainable development can be defined as the practice of maintaining the productivity by replacing re- sources used with resources of equal or greater value with- out degrading or endangering natural biotic systems. While the modern concept of sustainable development is derived mostly from the 1987 Brundtland Report 'Our Common Future', it is also rooted in earlier ideas about sustainable forest management and 20th century environmental concerns. As the concept of sustainable development developed, it has shifted its focus more towards the economic development, social development and environmental protection for future generations.

14. What do we mean sustainable economic development? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

(a) Future economic development with the development of present generation
(b) Only economic development of present generation
(c) Industrial development
(d) Agriculture development

Correct Answer: (a) Future economic development with the development of present generation

Solution:Sustainable economic development stands for ecological social and economic development achieved by maintaining conservation of all natural resources, so that the future generations can also use them for their development. It is such economic development that attempts to satisfy the needs of present generation but in a manner that sustainable natural resources and the environment for future generations.

15. Sustainable development is a case of inter-generational sensibilities in respect of use of- [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]

(a) Natural resources
(b) Material resources
(c) Industrial resources
(d) Social resources

Correct Answer: (a) Natural resources

16. Neemrana, a model of sustainable economic development is located in [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]

(a) Haryana
(b) Punjab
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Uttar Pradesh

Correct Answer: (c) Rajasthan

Solution:Neemrana is located in Alwar district of Rajasthan State. Almost all of the development works done here are based on sustainable economic development model.

17. The main objective of sustainable tourism is : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]

(a) To increase the number of tourists
(b) To manage mass scale tourism and small scale travel
(c) To manage tourism and environment while maintaining cultural integrity and ecological processes
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (c) To manage tourism and environment while maintaining cultural integrity and ecological processes

Solution:Sustainable tourism is the tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment and host communities. The main objective of sustainable tourism is to manage tourism and environment while maintaining cultural integrity and ecological processes

18. The task force of blue economy for the sustainable development is a collaboration between India and which country ? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]

(a) Switzerland
(b) Norway
(c) Sweden
(d) France

Correct Answer: (b) Norway

Solution:The India-Norway Task Force on Blue Economy for Sustainable Development was launched jointly by the Indian Prime Minister and the Norwegian Prime Minister during her visit to India in January, 2019. The purpose of the task force is to develop and follow up joint initiatives between the two countries.

19. In the context of any country, which one of the following would be considered as part of its social capital ? [U.P.S.C (Pre) 2019]

(a) The proportion of literates in the population
(b) The stock of its buildings, other infrastructure and machines
(c) The size of population in the working age group
(d) The level of mutual trust and harmony in the society

Correct Answer: (d) The level of mutual trust and harmony in the society

Solution:Social capital basically comprises the value of social relationships and networks that compliment the economic capital for economic growth of any country. Social capital involves the effective functioning of social groups through interpersonal relationships, a shared sense of identity, a shared understanding, shared norms, shared values, trust, cooperation, and reciprocity. Thus, in the context of any country it is, the level of mutual trust and harmony in the society.

20. Consider the following statements : [U.P.S.C (Pre) 2018]

Human capital formation as a concept is better explained in terms of a process which enables :

individuals of a country to accumulate more capital.
increasing the knowledge, skill levels and capacities of the people of the country.
accumulation of tangible wealth.
accumulation of intangible wealth.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

(a) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 4
(b) 2 only
(d) 1, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (c) 2 and 4

Solution:Human capital formation refers to the process of developing and improving the skills, knowledge and abilities of individuals. It is the process of acquiring and increasing the number of persons who have the skills, capacities, knowledge and experience which are essential for the economic and political development of a country. Thus, statement 2 is correct.

Intangible wealth of a nation is comprised of the skilled population, human resource base, culture, arts etc. Hence, statement 4 is also correct.

Statement 1 and 3 are incorrect because they are part of gross capital formation (GCF) representing physical capital.

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