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Sustainable Economic Development

📆 October 3, 2024

Total Questions: 39

11. What do we call balancing the need to use resources and also conserve them for the future ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (d) Sustainable development
Solution:Balancing the need to use resources and also conserve them for the future is called sustainable development. In the year 1987, The world Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) released its report. 'Our Common Future', Known also as the 'Brundtland Report' that gave the definition of sustainable development. As per this report, sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

12. Sustainable development is described as the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In this perspective, inherently the concept of sustainable development is intertwined with which of the following concepts? [U.P.S.C (Pre) 2010]

Correct Answer: (d) Carrying capacity
Solution:Inherently the concept of sustainable development is inter- twined with the concept of carrying capacity. Carrying capacity is the maximum number, density, or biomass of a population that a specific area can support sustainably. In other words, the carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population size of a biological species that can be sustained by that specific environment, given the food, habitat, water and other resources available. It is the margin of the habitat's or environment's ability to provide the resources necessary to sustain human life. Sustainable development binds together concern for the carrying capacity of natural systems with the social, political, and economic challenges faced by the humanity.

13. The base of sustainable development is - [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

Correct Answer: (c) Environmental approach
Solution:Environmental outlook is the base of sustainable develop- ment. Sustainable development can be defined as the practice of maintaining the productivity by replacing re- sources used with resources of equal or greater value with- out degrading or endangering natural biotic systems. While the modern concept of sustainable development is derived mostly from the 1987 Brundtland Report 'Our Common Future', it is also rooted in earlier ideas about sustainable forest management and 20th century environmental concerns. As the concept of sustainable development developed, it has shifted its focus more towards the economic development, social development and environmental protection for future generations.

14. What do we mean sustainable economic development? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

Correct Answer: (a) Future economic development with the development of present generation
Solution:Sustainable economic development stands for ecological social and economic development achieved by maintaining conservation of all natural resources, so that the future generations can also use them for their development. It is such economic development that attempts to satisfy the needs of present generation but in a manner that sustainable natural resources and the environment for future generations.                                                                                            Sustainability involves managing food, energy, water, waste, and ecology. Organizations are adopting sustainable practices to create a prosperous society. Examples include:
Micro-Farming: Farming on small plots of land to reduce carbon emissions, boost local economies, and improve food security.
Solar Power: Reducing electricity costs and creating jobs through government incentives for solar panel installations.
Creating Water: Transforming air into water using technology, especially useful in arid regions.
Waste Recycling: Reusing or refurbishing items to reduce landfill waste and create new materials.
Fish Farming: Raising fish in controlled environments to prevent overfishing and protect coastal ecosystems.

15. Sustainable development is a case of inter-generational sensibilities in respect of use of- [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (a) Natural resources
Solution:Sustainable economic development stands for ecological social and economic development achieved by maintaining conservation of all natural resources, so that the future generations can also use them for their development. It is such economic development that attempts to satisfy the needs of present generation but in a manner that sustainable natural resources and the environment for future generations.

Sustainability involves managing food, energy, water, waste, and ecology. Organizations are adopting sustainable practices to create a prosperous society. Examples include:
Micro-Farming: Farming on small plots of land to reduce carbon emissions, boost local economies, and improve food security.
Solar Power: Reducing electricity costs and creating jobs through government incentives for solar panel installations.
Creating Water: Transforming air into water using technology, especially useful in arid regions.
Waste Recycling: Reusing or refurbishing items to reduce landfill waste and create new materials.
Fish Farming: Raising fish in controlled environments to prevent overfishing and protect coastal ecosystems.

16. Neemrana, a model of sustainable economic development is located in [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]

Correct Answer: (c) Rajasthan
Solution:Neemrana is located in Alwar district of Rajasthan State. Almost all of the development works done here are based on sustainable economic development model.                                                                                      Sustainability involves managing food, energy, water, waste, and ecology. Organizations are adopting sustainable practices to create a prosperous society. Examples include:
Micro-Farming: Farming on small plots of land to reduce carbon emissions, boost local economies, and improve food security.
Solar Power: Reducing electricity costs and creating jobs through government incentives for solar panel installations.
Creating Water: Transforming air into water using technology, especially useful in arid regions.
Waste Recycling: Reusing or refurbishing items to reduce landfill waste and create new materials.
Fish Farming: Raising fish in controlled environments to prevent overfishing and protect coastal ecosystems.

17. The main objective of sustainable tourism is : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]

Correct Answer: (c) To manage tourism and environment while maintaining cultural integrity and ecological processes
Solution:Sustainable tourism is the tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment and host communities. The main objective of sustainable tourism is to manage tourism and environment while maintaining cultural integrity and ecological processes.                 Significances of sustainable tourism
  • Biodiversity protection - Sustainable tourism helps protect biodiversity by preserving natural habitats and endangered species.
  • Eco-friendly accommodations- Using renewable energy, water conservation systems, and waste reduction practices in hotels and lodges.
  • Climate action - It contributes to climate action by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting the use of renewable energy sources.
  • Cultural preservation - Helps maintain and promote local traditions and heritage.
  • Community development - Empowers local communities through inclusive growth and equitable resource distribution.
  • Diversified income - It helps diversify income sources for local communities, reducing reliance on traditional industries that may be environmentally harmful.
  • Social equity - It promotes social equity by ensuring that the benefits of tourism are distributed fairly among all stakeholders.
  • Quality over quantity - It emphasizes quality experiences over mass tourism, leading to more satisfying and enriching travel experiences.
  • Economic growth - It supports local economies by creating jobs and generating income for local communities.

18. The task force of blue economy for the sustainable development is a collaboration between India and which country ? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]

Correct Answer: (b) Norway
Solution:The India-Norway Task Force on Blue Economy for Sustainable Development was launched jointly by the Indian Prime Minister and the Norwegian Prime Minister during her visit to India in January, 2019. The purpose of the task force is to develop and follow up joint initiatives between the two countries.                                                                                                            Norway is a country that exports 70% of Norway's maritime industry and thus is an expert in the Ocean Economy.
These new dimensions in the Indian-Norway relations would help India in a deeper understanding of the maritime industry.
Both countries, India and Norway, desire the advancement of scientific knowledge about the blue economy. Further, the task force's basic purpose is to develop and follow the joint initiatives of India- Norway.
The key points of the opening of the India Norway Task Force on the blue economy intend to mobilise stakeholders from both the countries at the highest level and ensure the commitments and progress across ministries and related organisations.
The blue economy is the import and export of marine resources. The key points of the opening of the India Norway Task Force on the blue economy are that these resources are helpful as it leads to sustainable development and contributes to the economy of the country. Since India has three water bodies surrounding its boundaries, the inability to utilise marine resources is a major issue. These issues are due to a lack of manpower that is skilled for the same and technological advancements. Thus the blue economy is a high priority for India, so it can be helpful in solving such issues. Further another major step taken by India is the key points of the opening of the India-Norway Task Force on the blue economy. This step is also beneficial for the advancement of relations between India and Norway.

19. In the context of any country, which one of the following would be considered as part of its social capital ? [U.P.S.C (Pre) 2019]

Correct Answer: (d) The level of mutual trust and harmony in the society
Solution:Social capital basically comprises the value of social relationships and networks that compliment the economic capital for economic growth of any country. Social capital involves the effective functioning of social groups through interpersonal relationships, a shared sense of identity, a shared understanding, shared norms, shared values, trust, cooperation, and reciprocity. Thus, in the context of any country it is, the level of mutual trust and harmony in the society.

20. Consider the following statements : [U.P.S.C (Pre) 2018]

Human capital formation as a concept is better explained in terms of a process which enables :

  1. individuals of a country to accumulate more capital.
  2. increasing the knowledge, skill levels and capacities of the people of the country.
  3. accumulation of tangible wealth.
  4. accumulation of intangible wealth.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Correct Answer: (c) 2 and 4
Solution:Human capital formation refers to the process of developing and improving the skills, knowledge and abilities of individuals. It is the process of acquiring and increasing the number of persons who have the skills, capacities, knowledge and experience which are essential for the economic and political development of a country. Thus, statement 2 is correct.

Intangible wealth of a nation is comprised of the skilled population, human resource base, culture, arts etc. Hence, statement 4 is also correct.

Statement 1 and 3 are incorrect because they are part of gross capital formation (GCF) representing physical capital.

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