Correct Answer: (a) Nicholas Copernicus
Solution:Nicholas Copernicus was the first to establish that all the planets including the Earth revolve around the sun. Copernicus's primary contribution was his proposal that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun, a concept that challenged the prevailing geocentric (Earth-centered) view of the universe. He documented his heliocentric model in his book, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), published shortly before his death in 1543. His theory triggered a major shift in scientific thought, known as the Copernican Revolution, which paved the way for the Scientific Revolution. Copernicus was a versatile figure, excelling in various fields, including astronomy, mathematics, canon law, medicine, and economics. He is often considered the father of modern astronomy due to his groundbreaking work on the solar system. His work laid the foundation for later astronomers like Kepler, Galileo, and Newton, who built upon his ideas to develop a more accurate understanding of the solar system
