Climate Monsoon

Total Questions: 41

11. The decline of monsoon is indicated by [40th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995]

(i) Clear Sky
(ii) Pressure condition in Bay of Bengal
(iii) Rising temperature on land
Select your answer using the following code -

(a) only i
(b) i and ii both
(c) i, ii and iii
(d) ii and iii both

Correct Answer: (c) i, ii and iii

Solution:When monsoon returns from the north, there is a slight increase in temperature on Land, The low pressure covers the Bay of Bengal and the sky is clear. Thus, all statements are correct.

12. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2015]

(1) The winds which blow between 30°N and 608 latitudes throughout the year are known as westerlies.
(2) The moist air masses that cause winter rains in the North-Western region of India are part of westerlies.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only

Solution:Westerlies flow between 30° and 60° latitudes of the northern and southern hemisphere both. The statement mentions 30° N to 60°S which is wrong. The western cyclonic disturbances enter the Indian subcontinent from the west and north-west during the winter months, originate over the mediterranean sea and are brought into India by the westerly jet stream causes winter rains in the north and north western India. They are a non-monsoonal precipitation pattern driven by westerlies.

13. Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), a low-pressure zone, is located: [M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]

(a) between trade winds and westerlies belt
(b) between westerlies and polar winds belt
(c) nearby the poles
(d) at the equator

Correct Answer: (d) at the equator

Solution:An Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is an area of broad through and low pressure in the equatorial latitudes. It is here the Northeast and Southeast trade winds meet. This convergence zone is roughly parallel to the equater, but it shifts north or south along with the apparent motion of the sun. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer at the equater.

14. Rajasthan receives very little rain because: [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2022]

(a) the monsoon fails to reach this area
(b) it is too hot
(c) there is no water available and thus, the winds remain dry
(d) the winds do not come across any barriers to cause the necessary uplift to cool the air

Correct Answer: (d) the winds do not come across any barriers to cause the necessary uplift to cool the air

Solution:Rajasthan receives very little rainfall, as the winds do not cross any barriers, due to which they do not attain the required height to cool down. The Aravalli mountain ranges become a partial obstacle in the way due to being line with the direction of the South-West monsoon winds. Hence, most of Rajasthan (Western part) becomes a rain shadow
(dry) area.

15. Arrange the following seasons in Chronological order according to Hindu Calendar: [U.P.R.O./A.R.O.(Pre) 2021]

(i) Autumn
(ii) Summer
(iii) Spring
(iv) Rainy
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) (ii), (iv), (ii) and (i)
(b) (ii), (ii), (iv) and (i)
(c) (iv), (ii), (i), and (iii)
(d) (i), (iv), (ii), and (iii)

Correct Answer: (b) (ii), (ii), (iv) and (i)

Solution:According to Indian tradition, the year is divided into bimonthly in six seasons as follows:

Seasons	Months as per English Calender
Spring	March & April
Summer	May & June
Rainy	July & August
Autumn	September & October
Pre-winter	November & December
Winter	January & February

16. Koppen has used which of the following words for the climate of the Great Plains of India? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(a) Amw
(b) As
(c) Cwg
(d) Aw

Correct Answer: (c) Cwg

Solution:Cwg climate is often found in most parts of the Northern Ganga Plains. The summer temperature rises to approximately 40°C which falls to approximately 27°C in the Winter. Significantly Koppen has used Cwg for the climate of Great Plains of India. Cwg type climate is also known as Monsoon type with dry winters.

Group	Characteristics
A- Tropical	The average temperature of the coldest month is 18°C or higher
B- Dry Climates	Potential evaporation exceeds precipitation
C- Warm Temperate	The average temperature of the coldest month of the (Mid-latitude) climates years is higher than minus 3°C but below 18°C
D- Cold Snow forest	The average temperature of the coldest month is minus 3°C or below
E- Cold Climates	Cold Climates Average temperature for all months is below 10°C
H- Highlands	Cold due to elevation

Group	Type	Letter Code	Characteristics
A-Tropical Humid Climate	Tropical wet	Af	No dry season
	Tropical monsoon	Am	Monsoonal, short dry season
	Tropical wet and dry	Aw	Winter dry season
B-Dry Climate	Subtropical steppe	BSh	Low-latitude semi arid or dry
	Subtropical desert	BWh	Low-latitude arid or dry
	Mid-latitude steppe	BSk	Mid-latitude semi arid or dry
	Mid-latitude desert	BWk	Mid-latitude arid or dry
C-Warm temperate (Mid-latitude) Climates	Humid subtropical	Cfa	No dry season, warm summer
	Mediterranean	Cs	Dry hot summer
	Marine west coast	Cfb	No dry season, warm and cool summer
D-Cold Snowforest Climates	Humid continental	Df	No dry season, severe winter
	Subarctic	Dw	Winter dry and very severe
E-Cold Climates	Tundra	ET	No true summer
	Polar ice cap	EF	Perennial ice
H-Highland	Highland	H	Highland with snow cover

17. As per Koppen's classification of climate, which one of the following is the suitable description of North-East India including North Bengal? [Utarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Tropical monsoon rainforest (Amw
(b) Sub-tropical monsoon rainforest (Am)
(c) Tropical wet and dry climate (Monsoon Savannah) (Aw)
(d) Humid sub-tropical climate with dry winter (Cwg)

Correct Answer: (d) Humid sub-tropical climate with dry winter (Cwg)

Solution:As per Koppen's classification of Climate, Humid sub- tropical climate with dry winter (Cwg) is the most suitable description for North-East India including North Bengal, Ganga Plain etc.

Group	Characteristics
A- Tropical	The average temperature of the coldest month is 18°C or higher
B- Dry Climates	Potential evaporation exceeds precipitation
C- Warm Temperate	The average temperature of the coldest month of the (Mid-latitude) climates years is higher than minus 3°C but below 18°C
D- Cold Snow forest	The average temperature of the coldest month is minus 3°C or below
E- Cold Climates	Cold Climates Average temperature for all months is below 10°C
H- Highlands	Cold due to elevation

Group	Type	Letter Code	Characteristics
A-Tropical Humid Climate	Tropical wet	Af	No dry season
	Tropical monsoon	Am	Monsoonal, short dry season
	Tropical wet and dry	Aw	Winter dry season
B-Dry Climate	Subtropical steppe	BSh	Low-latitude semi arid or dry
	Subtropical desert	BWh	Low-latitude arid or dry
	Mid-latitude steppe	BSk	Mid-latitude semi arid or dry
	Mid-latitude desert	BWk	Mid-latitude arid or dry
C-Warm temperate (Mid-latitude) Climates	Humid subtropical	Cfa	No dry season, warm summer
	Mediterranean	Cs	Dry hot summer
	Marine west coast	Cfb	No dry season, warm and cool summer
D-Cold Snowforest Climates	Humid continental	Df	No dry season, severe winter
	Subarctic	Dw	Winter dry and very severe
E-Cold Climates	Tundra	ET	No true summer
	Polar ice cap	EF	Perennial ice
H-Highland	Highland	H	Highland with snow cover

18. According to Koppen's climatic classification, the climate of North Bihar may be explained as: [63 B.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]

Correct Answer: (a) Cwg

Solution:According to any be explained as cification, the climate of North Bihar as Cwg.

Group	Characteristics
A- Tropical	The average temperature of the coldest month is 18°C or higher
B- Dry Climates	Potential evaporation exceeds precipitation
C- Warm Temperate	The average temperature of the coldest month of the (Mid-latitude) climates years is higher than minus 3°C but below 18°C
D- Cold Snow forest	The average temperature of the coldest month is minus 3°C or below
E- Cold Climates	Cold Climates Average temperature for all months is below 10°C
H- Highlands	Cold due to elevation

Group	Type	Letter Code	Characteristics
A-Tropical Humid Climate	Tropical wet	Af	No dry season
	Tropical monsoon	Am	Monsoonal, short dry season
	Tropical wet and dry	Aw	Winter dry season
B-Dry Climate	Subtropical steppe	BSh	Low-latitude semi arid or dry
	Subtropical desert	BWh	Low-latitude arid or dry
	Mid-latitude steppe	BSk	Mid-latitude semi arid or dry
	Mid-latitude desert	BWk	Mid-latitude arid or dry
C-Warm temperate (Mid-latitude) Climates	Humid subtropical	Cfa	No dry season, warm summer
	Mediterranean	Cs	Dry hot summer
	Marine west coast	Cfb	No dry season, warm and cool summer
D-Cold Snowforest Climates	Humid continental	Df	No dry season, severe winter
	Subarctic	Dw	Winter dry and very severe
E-Cold Climates	Tundra	ET	No true summer
	Polar ice cap	EF	Perennial ice
H-Highland	Highland	H	Highland with snow cover

19. Assertion (A) : India has a tropical Monsoon type climate. [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Reason (R) : India is located exactly between the tropical latitudes.
Code:

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the Correct explanation of (A).
(b) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Correct Answer: (b) (A) is true, but (R) is false

Solution:

The climate of India is tropical monsoonal and it is situated between 8°4' to 37°6' north latitudes. It is not situated between tropical latitude i.e, 23°30' north to 23°30' south latitudes. So, (A) is correct and (R) is false.

20. which of the following States does the Monsoon arrive first? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2006]

(a) Assam
(b) West Bengal
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Kerala

Correct Answer: (d) Kerala

Solution:In India, monsoon arrives first in Kerala. India receives 91 percent of its total rainfall from south-western monsoon which starts from Kerala and is active from June to September every year.

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